Learning How to Ask: A Sociolinguistic Appraisal of the Role of the Interview in Social Science ResearchCambridge University Press, 1986 M07 25 - 155 páginas Interviews are ubiquitous in modern society, and they play a crucial role in social scientific research. But, as Charles Briggs convincingly argues in this book, received interviewing techniques rest on fundamental misapprehensions about the nature both of the interview as a communicative event, and of the nature of the data that it produces. Furthermore, interviewers rarely examine the compatibility of interviews as a means of acquiring information to one another. These oversights often blind interviewers to ensuing errors of interpretation, as well as to the limitations of the interview as a means of acquiring data. To conflict these problems, Professor Briggs presents an analysis of the 'communicative blunders' that he himself committed in conducting research interviews among Spanish-speakers in northern New Mexico. By focusing on these errors and exploring how they may be avoided, he is able to propose new techniques for designing, implementing, and analyzing interview-based research. These rest on identifying the subjects' resources for conveying information, and the relative compatability of the shared rules and understandings that underlie their strategies with those associated with interviews. Critical of existing paradigms of interviewing, which he sees as deriving from Western 'folk' theories of reality and communication, Briggs shows that the development of more sophisticated interviewing methodologies requires further research into interviewing itself. Briggs's conclusions provide a basis for the reexamination of current uses of interviews in a wide range of contexts - from social science research to job applications, welfare and health care delivery, criminal and legal investigations, journalism and broadcasting, and other areas of everyday life. His book will appeal to linguists, sociologists, anthropologists, historians, psychologists, as well as other readers whose research or professional activities depend on the use of interviews. |
Contenido
Introduction | 1 |
The setting Mexicano society and Córdova New Mexico | 31 |
Interview techniques visàvis native metacommunicative repertoires or on the analysis of communicative blunders | 39 |
The acquisition of metacommunicative competence | 61 |
Listen before you leap | 93 |
Conclusion theoretical quagmires and purely methodological issues | 112 |
Notes | 126 |
132 | |
149 | |
Términos y frases comunes
ability accordingly adults analysis analyzing awareness basic bias Briggs bygone days Cicourel communicative blunders communicative competence communicative event communicative norms consultants context conversation convey Córdova corporatism cultural dile discourse elders of bygone elicitation emerge ethnographic ethnopoetics example exegesis fieldwork folklore folklorists function genre given goals Gumperz Hymes important indexical initial inter interac interaction interpretation interview data interview situation interview techniques issues Labov language learning lexemes Linda linguistic Lópezes Lupe María meaning messages metacommunicative competence metacommunicative repertoires methodological Mexican Spanish mode nature nonverbal noted observation one's oral participants Pelto person practitioners present presupposes procedural problems prosodic proxemic questions range refer referential content referential frame relationship researcher's respondent scriptural allusions semiotic similarly simply social roles social situation social-cultural social-scientific sociolinguistic speakers speech acts speech community speech event statements structure theoretical tion tive topics transcript Trujillo underlie utterance verbal words