THE NEW
INTERNATIONAL
EN CY C L O P Æ DI A

ILLUSTRATIONS IN VOLUME V.

MAPS

FACING PAGE

CLEVELAND
Coal FIELDS IN THE UNITED STATES
COLOMBIA
THE WORLD, SHOWING COUNTRIES AND THEIR COLONIES
COLORADO
Congo
CONNECTICUT
COTTON IN THE UNITED STATES
CUBA.

28 68 156 164 168 276 300 478 642

ENGRAVINGS

52

70

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CLOUD FORMS, TYPICAL
COAL-MINING
Coal-MINING
COAL-MINING
Coast ARTILLERY -UNITED STATES ARMY
COCKATOOS AND Macaws.
CODFISH.
COLOGNE
COLUMBUS, CHRISTOPHER
CONSTABLE, John (“The Hay Wain")
('ONSTANTINE, ARCH OF
COPERNICUS
CORAL
CORAL
CORAL FISH
CORALS FROM THE GREAT BARRIER REEF
CORNFLOWER, ETC.
CORREGGIO ("The Holy Night”)
COSTUME
COSTUME
COSTUME, ECCLESIASTICAL.
COTINGAS, ETC.
CRABS, TYPICAL

74 80 98 106 154 188 318 322 386 400 401 402 404 426 442 461 466 470 474 530

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iv

FACING PAGE

CRANBERRY, ETC.
CRANES, ETC.
CREEPERS
CRINOIDS
CROMWELL, OLIVER .
CRUSTACEA.
CRYSTAL FORMS
CUCKOOS
CUCUMBER ALLIES
CYCADS AND CYPRESS
CYPRESS, ETC.
DACE AND MINNOWS, AMERICAN
DAHLIA, ETC.
DAMS AND RESERVOIRS.
DANTE
DARTERS AND SUNFISH .
DARWIN, CHARLES
DAVID (“ The Coronation of Josephine")

536 538 556 582 600 632 636 650 652 704 712 730 736 758 780 794 798 812

KEY TO PRONUNCIATION.

D

66

am, at.
arm, father.

G

a

H

a

. 10.10

eve.

e

as in ale, fate. Also see ě, below.

as in the Spanish Almodovar, pulgada, where senate, chaotic. Also see ě, below.

it is nearly like th in English then, glare, care.

this. go, get.

" the German Landtag, and ch in Feuerant, and final a in America, armada,

bach, buch; where it is a guttural etc. In rapid speech this vowel read

sound made with the back part of the ily becomes more or less obscured and

tongue raised toward the soft palate, like the neutral vowel or a short

as in the sound made in clearing the u (ū).

throat. “ final, regal, where it is of a neutral or as j in the Spanish Jijona, g in the Spanobscure quality.

ish gila ; where it is a fricative someall, fall.

what resembling the sound of h in

English hue or y in yet, but stronger. elate, evade.

hw wh in which. “ end, pet. The characters ē, ā, and á K ch in the German ich, Albrecht, and g are used for ä in German, as in Gärt

in the German Arensberg, Mecklenner, Gräfe, Hähnel, to the values of

burg; where it is a fricative sound which they are the nearest English

made between the tongue and the vowel sounds. The sound of Swedish

hard palate toward which the tongue ä is also indicated by ě.

is raised. It resembles the sound fern, her, and as į in sir. Also for ö,

of h in hue, or y in yet; or the sound oe, in German, as in Göthe, Goethe,

made by beginning to pronounce a k, Ortel, Oertel, and for eu and oeu in

but not completing the stoppage of French, as in Neufchâtel, Crèveceur;

the breath. The character K is also to which it is the nearest English

used to indicate the rough aspirates vowel sound.

or fricatives of some of the Oriental agency, judgment, where it is of a neu

languages, as of kh in the word Khan. tral or obscure quality.

as in sinker, longer. ice, quiet.

ng sing, long.

“ the French bon, Bourbon, and m in the quiescent.

French Etampes; where it is equivaill, fit.

lent to a nasalizing of the preceding old, sober. " obey, sobriety.

vowel. This effect is approximately

produced by attempting to pronounce orb, nor.

'onion' without touching the tip of “ odd, forest, not.

the tongue to the roof of the mouth. atom, carol, where it has a neutral or obscure quality.

The corresponding nasal of Portu

guese is also indicated by N, as in the " " oil, boil, and for eu in German, as in

case of São Antão. Feuerbach.

“ shine, shut. food, fool, and as u in rude, rule.

th

" thrust, thin. house, mouse.

" then, this. use, mule.

zh as z in azure, and s in pleasure. unite.

An apostrophe ['] is sometimes used to denote cut, but.

a glide or neutral connecting vowel, as in tā'b'l full

, put, or as oo in foot, book. Also (table), kắz”m (chasm).
for ü in German, as in München, Otherwise than as noted above, the letters used
Müller, and u in French, as in in the respellings for pronunciation are to receive
Buchez, Budé; to which it is the their ordinary English sounds.
nearest English vowel sound.

When the pronunciation is sufficiently shown urn, burn.

by indicating the accented syllables, this is done yet, yield.

without respelling: as in the case of very common " " the Spanish Habana, Cordóba, where it English words, and words which are so spelled as

is like a v made with the lips alone, to insure their correct pronunciation if they are instead of with the teeth and lips. correctly accented.

See the article on PRONUNchair, cheese.

66

TH