Treatment of vessel carrying contraband and of her cargo, if without knowledge of hostilities or without opportunity to discharge contra- band, after knowledge-when knowledge presumed---- Treatment of vessel carrying contraband if she surrenders contraband to belligerent war ship-rights and duties of master and captor_-_. Condemnation of neutral vessel and goods of owner for specified un- neutral service exception in case of lack of knowledge of hostilities or lack of opportunity, after knowledge, to discharge belligerent pas- sengers when knowledge presumed__. Condemnation of neutral vessel and goods of owner because of specified unneutral service not covered by Article 45, Declaration of London____ Person belonging to armed forces of enemy, found on board neutral ves- sel, may be made prisoner of war.. Destruction of captured neutral vessels forbidden-exceptions-treatment of persons and documents on board.__. Consequences of failure to justify destruction of neutral vessel.......... Handing over or destruction of condemnable goods on board vessel not Transfer of enemy vessel to neutral flag, before outbreak of hostilities_ Transfer of enemy vessel to neutral flag, after outbreak of hostilities. Flag vessel entitled to fly determines her neutral or enemy character- National convoy of neutral vessels as affecting search and capture_ Forcible resistance to stoppage, search, and seizure, effect of.... Moore's Digest_- Instructions for the Government of the Armies of the United States in the A Digest of International Law. By J. B. Moore's International Arbitrations History and Digest of the International Oppenheim___. Peters Arbitrations to which the United States Official Opinions of the Attorney General of the United States, 1789. 1852. L. Oppenheim: International Law. Vol. Cases in the Supreme Court of the United Spinks.. Spinks Prize Cases.. Turkish Regulations_ U. S. Naval War Code... Woolsey Edited by C. J. B. Hurst. 2 vols. Lon- Procedure in Stopping, Examining, etc., Sept. 20, 1900 (Br. & For. State Papers, Regulations as to Naval Prizes, 1895 (Russian and Japanese Prize Cases. Rules concerning contraband (Great Brit. Correspondence respecting Contraband Ecclesiastical and Admiralty Reports. .Prize Cases, Reports of cases in the Ad- Provisional Law on prizes, Feb. 3, 1912. Law and usages of war at sea, a Naval John Westlake: International Law, part II, War. Second edition. Cambridge, Henry Wheaton: Elements of interna- tional law. Eighth edition, edited with notes by Richard Henry Dana. Bos- Theodore Dwight Woolsey: Introduction THE LAWS OF NEUTRALITY AS EXISTING ON AUGUST 1, 1914. ENEMY'S GOODS ON NEUTRAL VESSEL. The neutral flag covers enemy's goods, with the exception of contraband of war. Declaration of Paris, Article 2. All and every the subjects and inhabitants of the Kingdom of Sweden, as well as those of the United States, shall be permitted to navigate with their vessels, in all safety and freedom, and without any regard to those to whom the merchandizes and cargoes may belong, from any port whatever; and the subjects and inhabitants of the two States shall likewise be permitted to sail and trade with their vessels, and, with the same liberty and safety, to frequent the places, ports, and havens of Powers enemies to both or either of the contracting parties, without being in any wise molested or troubled, and to carry on a commerce not only directly from the ports of an enemy to a neutral port, but even from one port of an enemy to another port of an enemy, whether it be under the jurisdiction of the same or of different Princes. And as it is acknowledged by this treaty, with respect to ships and merchandizes, that free ships shall make the merchandizes free, and that everything which shall be on board of ships belonging to subjects of the one or the other of the contracting parties shall be considered as free, even though the cargo, or a part of it, should belong to the enemies of one or both, it is nevertheless provided that contraband goods shall always be excepted; which being intercepted, shall be proceeded against according to the spirit of the following articles. Treaty of Amity and Commerce, concluded between the United States and Sweden, April 3, 1783. Article VII. If one of the contracting parties should be engaged in war with any other Power, the free intercourse and commerce of the subjects or citizens of the party remaining neuter with the belligerent Powers shall not be interrupted. On the contrary, in that case, as in full peace, the vessels of the neutral party may navigate freely to and from the ports and on the coasts of the belligerent parties, free vessels making free goods, insomuch that all things shall be adjudged free which shall be on board any vessel belonging to the neutral party, although such things belong to an enemy of the other. Treaty of Amity and Commedce concluded September 10, 1785, between the United States and Prussia, Article XII. If any goods belonging to any nation with which either of the parties are at war should be loaded on board vessels belonging to the |