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CHAPTER 2-TAX ON SELF-EMPLOYMENT INCOME

Sec. 1401. Rate of tax.

Sec. 1402. Definitions.

Sec. 1403. Miscellaneous provisions.

SEC. 1401. RATE OF TAX.

In addition to other taxes, there shall be imposed for each taxable year, on the self-employment income of every individual, a tax as follows:

(1) in the case of any taxable year beginning after December 31, 1958, and before January 1, 1960, the tax shall be equal to 3% percent of the amount of the self-employment income for such taxable year;

(2) in the case of any taxable year beginning after December 31, 1959, and before January 1, 1963, the tax shall be equal to 4% percent of the amount of the self-employment income for such taxable year;

(3) in the case of any taxable year beginning after December 31, 1962, and before January 1, 1966, the tax shall be equal to 5% percent of the amount of the self-employment income for such taxable year;

(4) in the case of any taxable year beginning after December 31, 1965, and before January 1, 1969, the tax shall be equal to 6 percent of the amount of the self-employment income for such taxable year;

and

(5) in the case of any taxable year beginning after December 31, 1968, the tax shall be equal to 6% percent of the amount of the self-employment income for such taxable year.

SEC. 1402. DEFINITIONS.

(a) NET EARNINGS FROM SELF-EMPLOYMENT. The term "net earnings from self-employment" means the gross income derived by an individual from any trade or business carried on by such individual, less the deductions allowed by this subtitle which are attributable to such trade or business, plus his distributive share (whether or not distributed) of income or loss described in section 702 (a) (9) from any trade or business carried on by a partnership of which he is a member; except that in computing such gross income and deductions. and such distributive share of partnership ordinary income or loss

(1) there shall be excluded rentals from real estate and from personal property leased with the real estate (including such rentals paid in crop shares) together with the deductions attributable thereto, unless such rentals are received in the course of a trade or business as a real estate dealer; except that the preceding provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to any income derived by the owner or tenant of land if (A) such income is derived under an arrangement, between the owner or tenant and another individual, which provides that such other individual shall produce agricul

tural or horticultural commodities (including livestock, bees, poultry, and fur-bearing animals and wildlife) on such land, and that there shall be material participation by the owner or tenant in the production or the management of the production of such agricultural or horticultural commodities, and (B) there is material participation by the owner or tenant with respect to any such agricultural or horticultural commodity;

(2) there shall be excluded dividends on any share of stock, and interest on any bond, debenture, note, or certificate, or other evidence of indebtedness, issued with interest coupons or in registered form by any corporation (including one issued by a government or political subdivision thereof), unless such dividends and interest (other than interest described in section 35) are received in the course of a trade or business as a dealer in stocks or securities; (3) there shall be excluded any gain or loss

(A) which is considered as gain or loss from the sale or exchange of a capital asset,

(B) from the cutting of timber, or the disposal of timber or coal, if section 631 applies to such gain or loss, or

(C) from the sale, exchange, involuntary conversion, or other disposition of property if such property is neither

(i) stock in trade or other property of a kind which would properly be includible in inventory if on hand at the close of the taxable year, nor

(ii) property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of the trade or business;

(4) the deduction for net operating losses provided in section 172 shall not be allowed;

(5) if

(A) any of the income derived from a trade or business (other than a trade or business carried on by a partnership) is community income under community property laws applicable to such income, all of the gross income and deductions attributable to such trade or business shall be treated as the gross income and deductions of the husband unless the wife exercises substantially all of the management and control of such trade or business, in which case all of such gross income and deductions shall be treated as the gross income and deductions of the wife; and

(B) any portion of a partner's distributive share of the ordinary income or loss from a trade or business carried on by a partnership is community income or loss under the community property laws applicable to such share, all of such distributive share shall be included in computing the net earnings from self-employment of such partner, and no part of such share shall be taken into account in computing the net earnings from self-employment of the spouse of such partner;

(6) a resident of Puerto Rico shall compute his net earnings from self-employment in the same manner as a citizen of the United States but without regard to section 933;

(7) the deduction for personal exemptions provided in section 151 shall not be allowed;

(8) an individual who is a duly ordained, commissioned, or licensed minister of a church or a member of a religious order shall compute his net earnings from self-employment derived from the performance of service described in subsection (c) (4) without regard to section 107 (relating to rental value of parsonages) and section 119 (relating to meals and lodging furnished for the convenience of the employer) and, in addition, if he is a citizen of the United States performing such service as an employee of an American employer (as defined in section 3121 (h)) or as a minister in a foreign country who has a congregation which is composed predominantly of citizens of the United States, without regard to section 911 (relating to earned income from sources without the United States) and section 931 (relating to income from sources within possessions of the United States); and

(9) the term "possession of the United States" as used in sections 931 (relating to income from sources within possessions of the United States) and 932 (relating to citizens of possessions of the United States) shall be deemed not to include the Virgin Islands, Guam, or American Samoa.

If the taxable year of a partner is different from that of the partnership, the distributive share which he is required to include in computing his net earnings from self-employment shall be based on the ordinary income or loss of the partnership for any taxable year of the partnership ending within or with his taxable year. In the case of any trade or business which is carried on by an individual or by a partnership and in which, if such trade or business were carried on exclusively by employees, the major portion of the services would constitute agricultural labor as defined in section 3121 (g)

(i) in the case of an individual, if the gross income derived by him from such trade or business is not more than $1,800, the net earnings from self-employment derived by him from such trade or business may, at his option, be deemed to be 66% percent of such gross income; or

(ii) in the case of an individual, if the gross income derived by him from such trade or business is more than $1,800 and the net earnings from self-employment derived by him from such trade or business (computed under this subsection without regard to this sentence) are less than $1,200, the net earnings from self-employment derived by him from such trade or business may, at his option, be deemed to be $1,200; and

(iii) in the case of a member of a partnership, if his distributive share of the gross income of the partnership derived from such trade or business (after such gross income has been reduced by the sum of all payments to which section 707 (c) applies) is not more than $1,800, his distributive share of income described in section 702 (a) (9) derived from such trade or business may, at his option, be deemed to be an amount equal to 66% percent of his distributive share of such gross income (after such gross income has been so reduced); or

(iv) in the case of a member of a partnership, if his distributive share of the gross income of the partnership derived from such trade or business (after such gross income has been reduced by the

sum of all payments to which section 707 (c) applies) is more than $1,800 and his distributive share (whether or not distributed) of income described in section 702 (a) (9) derived from such trade or business (computed under this subsection without regard to this sentence) is less than $1,200, his distributive share of income described in section 702 (a) (9) derived from such trade or business may, at his option, be deemed to be $1,200.

For purposes of the preceding sentence, gross income means

(v) in the case of any such trade or business in which the income is computed under a cash receipts and disbursements method, the gross receipts from such trade or business reduced by the cost or other basis of property which was purchased and sold in carrying on such trade or business, adjusted (after such reduction) in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs (1) through (7) and paragraph (9) of this subsection; and

(vi) in the case of any such trade or business in which the income is computed under an accrual method, the gross income from such trade or business, adjusted in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs (1) through (7) and paragraph (9) of this subsection; and, for purposes of such sentence, if an individual (including a member of a partnership) derives gross income from more than one such trade or business, such gross income (including his distributive share of the gross income of any partnership derived from any such trade or business) shall be deemed to have been derived from one trade or business.

(b) SELF-EMPLOYMENT INCOME.-The term "self-employment income" means the net earnings from self-employment derived by an individual (other than a nonresident alien individual) during any taxable year; except that such term shall not include

(1) that part of the net earnings from self-employment which is in excess of

(A) for any taxable year ending prior to 1955, (i) $3,600, minus (ii) the amount of the wages paid to such individual during the taxable year; and

(B) for any taxable year ending after 1954 and before 1959, (i) $4,200, minus (ii) the amount of the wages paid to such individual during the taxable year; and

(C) for any taxable year ending after 1958, (i) $4,800, minus (ii) the amount of the wages paid to such individual during the taxable year; or

(2) the net earnings from self-employment, if such net earnings for the taxable year are less than $400.

For purposes of clause (1), the term "wages" includes such remuneration paid to an employee for services included under an agreement entered into pursuant to the provisions of section 218 of the Social Security Act (relating to coverage of State employees), or under an agreement entered into pursuant to the provisions of section 3121 (0) (relating to coverage of citizens of the United States who are employees of foreign subsidiaries of domestic corporations), as would be wages under section 3121 (a) if such services constituted employment under section 3121 (b). An individual who is not a citizen of the United States but who is a resident of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, or American Samoa shall not, for pur

poses of this chapter be considered to be a nonresident alien individual.

(c) TRADE OR BUSINESS.-The term "trade or business," when used with reference to self-employment income or net earnings from selfemployment, shall have the same meaning as when used in section 162 (relating to trade or business expenses), except that such term shall not include

(1) the performance of the functions of a public office;

(2) the performance of service by an individual as an employee, other than

(A) service described in section 3121 (b) (14) (B) performed by an individual who has attained the age of 18,

(B) service described in section 3121 (b) (16),

(C) service described in section 3121 (b) (11), (12), or (15) performed in the United States (as defined in section 3121 (e) (2)) by a citizen of the United States, and

(D) service described in paragraph (4) of this subsection; (3) the performance of service by an individual as an employee or employee representative as defined in section 3231;

(4) the performance of service by a duly ordained, commissioned, or licensed minister of a church in the exercise of his ministry or by a member of a religious order in the exercise of duties required by such order; or

(5) the performance of service by an individual in the exercise of his profession as a doctor of medicine, or Christian Science practitioner; or the performance of such service by a partnership. The provisions of paragraph (4) shall not apply to service (other than service performed by a member of a religious order who has taken a vow of poverty as a member of such order) performed by an individual during the period for which a certificate filed by such individual under subsection (e) is in effect. The provisions of paragraph (5) shall not apply to service performed by an individual in the exercise of his profession as a Christian Science practitioner during the period for which a certificate filed by him under subsection (e) is in effect.

(d) EMPLOYEE AND WAGES.-The term "employee" and the term "wages" shall have the same meaning as when used in chapter 21 (sec. 3101 and following, relating to Federal Insurance Contributions Act).

(e) MINISTERS, MEMBERS OF RELIGIOUS ORDERS, AND CHRISTIAN SCIENCE PRACTITIONERS.

(1) WAIVER CERTIFICATE.-Any individual who is (A) a duly ordained, commissioned, or licensed minister of a church or a member of a religious order (other than a member of a religious order who has taken a vow of poverty as a member of such order) or (B) a Christian Science practitioner may file a certificate (in such form and manner, and with such official, as may be prescribed by regulations made under this chapter) certifying that he elects to have the insurance system established by title II of the Social Security Act extended to service described in subsection (c) (4), or service described in subsection (c) (5) insofar as it relates to the performance of service by an individual in the exercise of his profession as a Christian Science practitioner, as the case may be, performed by him.

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