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TABLE IX.-CAUSES, ETC., OF STRIKES, BY YEARS-Continued.

Cause or object.

Against employment of learners

1886-Continued.

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Against employment of men belonging to different labor organization

Against employment of nonunion men

Against employment of nonunion men, foremen, etc.
Against employment of women at less than union rates
Against extra work without extra pay

Against feeding their own machines (nailers)
Against fines for imperfect work

66

46

126

18

1

6

Against fines for imperfect work and for better treatment.
Against increase of amount of work required to be done
Against increase of apprentices.

Against increase of hours...

Against increase of hours and amount of work per hour.
Against increase of hours and for discharge of employees.
Against increase of hours and reduction of wages..
Against increase of work without increase of wages..
Against introduction of automatic register....

Against introduction of machinery

Against introduction of two-loom system.

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Against joining Cigar Makers' International Union.

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Against learners doing weavers' work

1

Against loading Lake Shore cars.

1

Against obnoxious rules..

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Against overcharge for supplies-powder, tools, etc.

2

Against patent matter..

1

Against performing work for another establishment in which lockout was pending..

1

Against performing work for another establishment in which strike was pending...

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Against reduction of wages and discharge of employees, foremen, etc.

1

1

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Against transfer of employee from one position to another without increase of wages

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1

For abolition of tenement-house work...

1

1

For adoption of new scale.

6

2

For adoption of uniform scale..

For adoption of uniform scale and against fines for imperfect work..

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For adoption of union rules and reinstatement of discharged employees

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a Not including 15 establishments in which strike was still pending December 31, 1886.

TABLE IX.-CAUSES, ETC., OF STRIKES, BY YEARS—Continued.

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For change of rules and semimonthly payment.

11

7

72

46

For change of working hours, discharge of engineer, and reinstatement of discharged employee....

For conference with operators by committee of miners

For discharge of apprentices..

For discharge of employees, foremen, etc

For discharge of foreman and reduction of hours

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For discharge of foreman and reinstatement of discharged employees..

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For increase of wages and adoption of union, etc., rules.

For increase of wages and against new method of manufacturing.. For increase of wages and against being compelled to board with employer

2

1

1

2,680

1,762

293

625

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For increase of wages and against contract system.

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For increase of wages and against employment of nonunion men

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For increase of wages and against obnoxious rules..

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For increase of wages and change of rules

For increase of wages and discharge of employees, foremen, etc.
For increase of wages and discharge of nonunion employees.
For increase of wages and in sympathy with strike elsewhere
For increase of wages and in sympathy with strike in same estab-
lishment.

For increase of wages and pay for overtime

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For increase of wages and reinstatement of discharged employees...
For increase of wages and weekly payment.

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For increase of wages, discharge of superintendent, abolition of truck system, and discontinuance of Sunday work

1

For increase of wages or reduction of hours

44

1888

38

For increase of wages, reduction of hours, and discharge of nonunion employees

1

For increase of wages, reduction of hours, and recognition of union.
For increase of wages, reduction of hours, and weekly payment..
For increase of wages, reinstatement of discharged employee, and
against poor quality of material...

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For increase of wages, reinstatement of discharged employees, dis-
charge of foreman, correct record of time, and pay for overtime..
For limitation of number of apprentices
For 9 hours' work with 10 hours' pay

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For pay for dead work and semimontly instead of monthly payment.

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For reduction of hours, accepting corresponding reduction of wages. For reduction of hours and against being compelled to board with employer

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TABLE IX.-CAUSES, ETC., OF STRIKES, BY YEARS-Continued.

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For reduction of hours and against piecework

For reduction of hours and discharge of nonunion employees

For reduction of hours and double pay for night work and holidays.
For reduction of hours and increase of force

For reduction of hours and recognition of union.

For reduction of hours and semimonthly payment..

For reduction of hours and weekly payment.

For reduction of hours, employment of union men only, and against

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being compelled to board with employer...

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For regular employment...

1

For regular payment..

8

For regular wages and recognition of union.

2

For reinstatement of discharged employees, foremen, etc.

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For semimonthly payment and change of coal screen.

For use of winches (stevedores)

For weekly payment and discharge of overseer

For remeasurement of work

For Saturday half holiday.

For semimonthly payment.

For stools while car driving

For weekly payment

In sympathy with locked-out employees elsewhere

In sympathy with locked-out employees in same establishment
In sympathy with strike elsewhere...

In sympathy with strike in same establishment.

In vindication of right to belong to labor organizations.
Misunderstanding in regard to price for weaving faulty yarn.
To compel employer to withdraw from tailors' union
To compel others to strike for reduction of hours..

4

Total.

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1887.

Against abolition of Saturday half holiday.

1

1

Against abolition of Saturday half holiday and employment of nonunion men..

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Against alleged excessive docking for slate and dirt sent out with
coal..

Against alleged unfair deduction from pay for lost time.
Against alleged unsuitable place of work

Against apprentices doing journeymen's work and for adoption of
uniform scale..

1

2

Against being compelled to board at place designated by employer.
Against being compelled to board with employer.
Against being compelled to work on holidays.

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Against change from wooden to iron molds and poor quality of material....

1

Against change in method of doing work

2

1

Against change in method of doing work and for adoption of union scale..

1

Against change in method of doing work and reduction of wages...
Against change of pay day

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Against demand to leave one labor organization and join another..
Against demand to withdraw from union.

1

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Against employment of additional apprentices and retention of part of wages

1

1

2

Against employment of new overseer to take part of work from old

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a Not including 15 establishments in which strike was still pending December 31, 1886.

TABLE IX.-CAUSES, ETC., OF STRIKES, BY YEARS-Continued.

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Against employment of nonunion men and for increase of wages and reduction of hours..

Against employment of nonunion men and for payment of wages overdue..

Against employment of nonunion men and for recognition of union.
Against employment of nonunion men and increase of hours..
Against employment of women

Against employment of women and nonunion men..

Against fines for imperfect work..

Against firm supplying goods to boycotted establishment..

Against firm supplying material to establishment which was ob

taining other material from establishment in which strike was
pending....

Against foreman being allowed commission on work done
Against increase of amount of work required to be done..

Against increase of amount of work required to be done and reduc-
tion of price per piece..

Against increase of hours..

Against increase of hours and reduction of wages.

Against increase of number of heats per day in steel mill.

Against introduction of machinery.

Against introduction of machinery and employment of nonunion

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Against performing work for another establishment in which strike was pending..

Against performing work out of regular occupation

Against poor quality of material

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Against reduction and for increase of wages

Against reduction of force, causing increase of work..

Against reduction of wages..

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Against reduction of wages and employment of nonunion men
Against reduction of wages and for recognition of union
Against reduction of wages and for regular payment

Against reduction of wages and for reinstatement of discharged employees

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Against Sunday work and for weekly payment

Against reduction of wages caused by reduction of hours.

Against reduction of wages of some and for increase of wages of others..

Against Sunday work and for pay for overtime

Against sweating system...

5

1

8

Against system of measuring work

3

Against use of boycotted material.

Against use of boycotted patterns.

Against use of material from establishment in which strike was pending...

Against use of material from nonunion establishment.

Against use of material from nonunion establishment and employment of nonunion men..

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Against working on job with nonunion employees under another contractor

Against working with colored men

Against working overtime

For admission of walking delegates..

For admission of walking delegates and free beer during working hours..

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For adoption of uniform scale and a year's contract

For adoption of uniform scale for docking miners for slate and dirt sent out with coal

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For adoption of union rules and union scale and for discharge of foreman

For adoption of union scale

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For adoption of union scale and reinstatement of discharged employees.

1

For apology from firm for charges made against employees..

For better board

1

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TABLE IX.-CAUSES, ETC., OF STRIKES, BY YEARS-Continued.

1887-Continued.

Cause or object.

For change from day to piece work

For change from day to piece work and reinstatement of discharged employees

For change from monthly to mileage rates..

For change from night to day work

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For change in method of piece payment

For change of pay day...

For change of pay day and retention of less wages as guaranty
For discharge of check weighman..

For discharge of colored employees

For discharge of employees..

For discharge of employees belonging to another labor organization.

For discharge of foreign employees

For discharge of foreman..

For discharge of foreman and employment of assistant stokers

For discharge of foreman and nonunion employees..

For discharge of foreman and reinstatement of discharged employees

For discharge of head waiter.

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1,802

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For increase of wages and time and a half for overtime..

For increase of wages and weekly payment....

1

For increase of wages of some and reduction of hours of others.
For increase of wages, reduction of hours, and recognition of union..
For increase of wages, reduction of hours, and reinstatement of dis-
charged employees.

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For increase of wages, reduction of hours, and weekly payment in cash

45

45

For pay for extra work

1

For pay for extra work and reinstatement of discharged employees.

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For pay for work damaged by rain before being measured and accepted

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For payment of wages overdue and reinstatement of discharged employees

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For reduction of hours and against employment of nonunion men..
For reduction of hours and pay for overtime..

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For regular payment in cash and company to furnish tools

For reinstatement and increase of wages of employees involved in strike elsewhere

For reinstatement of discharged employees..

For reinstatement of discharged employees and recognition of union.
For reinstatement of discharged foreman
For renewal of scale....

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