bank's willingness to help may be in its own interests primarily, but, whatever the motive, this help benefits the customer just the same. And the services a bank can render are manifold.

First of all, a bank is the safest depository for money, for cash in the form of bills and currency. A bank's safedeposit vault is a larger and stronger place for. cash than anything the ordinary individual can afford to maintain. This is protection against fire as well as against robbery, and how many times are bank burglaries successful as compared with those in private residences or offices? No doubt there still exist some people who keep money in stockings, old teapots, or tucked away in bureau drawers, but these people are running big risks which might be almost entirely eliminated if they would avail themselves of the facilities offered free of charge by banks.

When money is placed in a bank, the depositor is thereupon entitled to draw against his account by means of checks. Payment by check is of inestimable benefit to the depositor, for it does away with the expense and inconvenience of paying by cash, and avoids the risks of loss or theft which are always present when cash is carried on the person or kept in the house. A bank makes no charge for this service, and, further, a bank almost always allows a depositor interest on his checking account, the usual condition being that he keep a minimum balance-that is, not allow the amount of money he has on deposit to fall below a certain agreed amount.

A depositor may also call upon his bank to collect checks for him that are drawn on other banks, and usually no charge is made for this service, which is a real one. For instance, if John Doe presents a check at his bank in New York drawn to his order by Richard Roe on a Chicago bank, the New York bank will collect the money from the bank in Chicago and credit it to Mr. Doe's account. This is another service of great convenience to the depositor, and, like many of the other services rendered by banks, has become so commonplace that it is taken pretty much for granted and its full worth not always appreciated.

If a man has a sum of money he knows he will not need for several months, he can arrange with his bank to deposit the money there; the bank will give him an instrument known as a Certificate of Deposit and agree to pay him a certain percentage for the use of his money for the duration of the time fixed upon. This is a very simple method of making a short-term investment, and, although the rate of interest paid is customarily low, it is far better to keep money working all the time, even if the return is low, than to let it be idle.

It is easier for a man to obtain a loan at a bank if he has an account there than is the case otherwise. A bank usually considers itself under certain obligations to its depositors, not only in the matter of making loans, but so far

NO LOSS TO ANY INVESTOR IN 49 YEARS

7%

Not Much Longer

When 8% was the prevailing rate of interest on First Mortgages in the National Capital, we sold our First Mortgage Investments to yield 8%. During the year 1922 the prevailing

rate has been 7%, which we will continue to offer only so long as we can obtain it for our investors with unquestioned safety.

Investments made before a lower rate goes into effect will receive 7% for two years to ten years, depending upon the maturity desired. Payment may be extended over a period of 10 months.

$50, $100, $500, $1,000 Write for Booklet N-7

The F.H.SMITH COMPANY

Founded 1873

WASHINGTON. D.C.

SAFETY

AND

7%

NO LOSS TO ANY INVESTOR IN 49 YEARS

S

for the Investor

As the gem expert appraises precious stones, the bond expert weighs and judges bonds. You cannot expect to arrive at sound conclusions single-handed.

The National City Company's complete investment organization in 50 leading cities, and its years of specialized experience, are at your service.

The security back of back of every bond we offer has been carefully weighed and judged by our officers. We would

welcome an opportunity to help you select bonds for the investment of your funds.

NATIONAL CITY

THE

COMPANY

FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT

(Continued)

as terms are concerned. If a man is a stranger, a bank naturally requires security for any loan it may make himstocks, bonds, mortgages, or other tangible property. In the case of a depositor, however, the bank is familiar with his affairs, knows his financial standing, and very possibly will consider his note ample security. In times of financial stress the loaning function of a bank is of most value to a depositor, for at such times banks will not customarily accommodate any one other than their own depositors. And often a ready loan may mean the difference between bankruptcy and solvency.

Bank deposits are repayable upon demand. That is to say, a depositor may withdraw the full amount of his deposit whenever he desires, and he may do this either by means of a check to his own order or to the order of whomsoever he may desire. It naturally follows from this that any part of his account may also be withdrawn upon demand. In other words, he may draw against his account in any amount or amounts up to the total sum deposited, and unless the bank pays these sums it lays itself open to a suit for damages.

In the modern business world the emphasis is continually upon short cuts and simplification. The practice of sending receipted bills is growing in disfavor, and here a checking account is very handy. A check sent in payment of a bill must be indorsed-that is, signed-on its back by the person or firm to whom it is made payable, so that when the check is returned from the bank it is itself a valid receipt. Further, the person who draws the check may make a note on its face of the item being paid, and when this is done the check is a complete record of the transaction.

Bond coupons may be deposited in your bank and the bank will collect them for you and place the proceeds to the credit of your account. Many banks sell steamship tickets these days; travelers' checks may be obtained at banks; banks will give advice and help on the income tax; they will act as brokers for the purchase and sale of securities. Many banks have trust departments for the administration and handling of estates. In fine, their business is so varied that in one short article it is impossible to do more than sketch the vague outlines.

For our purpose, however, perhaps the

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most important business of a bank is the service it can render investors. It is the duty of a banker to keep informed on this subject, and his knowledge and experience are always at the disposal of his depositors. A bank will not only buy and sell securities for you, but it will obtain information about investments, about the standing and reliability of brokers and investment concerns, and about business concerns as well. If you live in Richmond and want to find out about a firm in Cleveland, your bank will write to a bank in Cleveland and obtain the information you want. Banks are conducted so as to render service,

and a man is foolish who does not avai! himself of its facilities. Never hesitate to appeal to your banker for help and advice on all matters pertaining to investments. Remember, that is the business of a bank.

YOU CAN MAKE IT SIMPLE

Ο

BY THOMAS L. MASSON

NE of the most constant illusions among all classes of men is that the so-called "deep" subjects are unin.teresting and hard to understand. They have been made deadly dull by a whole succession of writers who, in order to make themselves important, have used a whole lot of big words to obscure their meaning. They are hard to understand only because we make them so. Another error is that children cannot be made to understand them. When I was a boy of fourteen, playing baseball, I used to talk constantly with a group of boys of my own age about God and infinity, and the conclusions we arrived at then were about the same as I hold now.

At the present moment there is a great deal of agitation going on all over the world, especially among the so-called thinkers. Bernard Shaw, in England, said only the other day, "The world is going to the devil." Anatole France, perhaps the most illustrious figure in France, declared that "civilization is dying." The biologists tell us that the highest types of people are dying out, giving place to the lowest types. The spiritualists are tremendously agitated, and declare that we are in the midst of a great spiritual revolution. Dean Inge, of London, thinks that we are in a pretty bad way, and his nickname of "the gloomy dean" does not mitigate the force of his criticism of mankind. The churches are a good deal upset. Labor troubles are rampant. Most people are thought to be very indifferent, and the standard of intelligence is said to be rapidly falling. What does all this mean?

Now there are a few men-you can count them on the fingers of one hand as a rule-in every age who are able to define what is the matter with that particular age. They don't show up until long afterwards; then posterity-their posterity-looks back on them and knows them to be wise men. None of us knows now who are the really wise men of this age; many of the critics

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Nevertheless, out of all this apparent chaos of thought and typography it is not so very difficult to sum up the whole matter and put it in a few simple words. After that has been done as a basis, one can go on and think out the rest if he chooses-until he comes to a full stopas he always will. That is in the nature of things.

To begin with, let us say that philosophy is the science of boiling everything we know down to the point where we can tell where we get off; that is, we know what's what and what isn't what. Your consciousness is all you have to go by. Eliminate that, and there isn't anything left. It is therefore with your consciousness that you must deal.

Now there are two parts to our consciousness; that is to say, there are two ways in which we come to know things. One is through the visible, and the other through the invisible. The visible world about us appears to be in the utmost disorder. We go into a forest and the trees, dead and dying, are lying any which way, and as we go about everything is piled up and being carted away; if there are regular masses, like cities, etc., they are changing all the time. So much for the outside. But the scientists tell us that they have sifted all this mass of matter down to the electron, and that everything is com

of 186,000 miles a second. It is the various combinations of electrons that compose all matter-some say all thought.

So that underneath this visible world, as we see it or think we see it, there is an absolute law. It is all founded on mathematics; nothing can happen that isn't based on material law. The sun rises and sets, the planets and the electrons both revolve, according to this law.

So much for the visible world. Now when it comes to the invisible world, the same thing is true, if we are patient enough to work it out for ourselves; this not only takes time, but much pain. We cannot expect to develop ourselves without self-discipline.

How can we come to know all this? The greatest of philosophers, Kant, pointed out the way long ago. It is through experience.

The present moment isn't causing any of us any trouble. We are not worrying about it. We worry only about the future. Let us, therefore, rest upon the present moment, and increase our faith in the moral law by checking ourselves up with our past experience. Looking back upon it, we shall find that there a good reason for everything, although we did not think so at the time. Start from this point and work ahead for yourself.

was

Advertising Manager, The Outlook,

381 Fourth Avenue,

New York City

Sept. 12, 1922

HELP WANTED

Professional Situations

NURSE-Thoroughly experienced baby's nurse to take full charge of 4 months' old intant, in Englewood, N. J. Excellent references required. Telephone or write Miss Scott, 5 Join St., New York City-Beekman 7950.

Business Situations

HOTELS NEED TRAINED MEN AND WOMEN. Nation-wide demand for highsalaried men and women. Past experience unnecessary. We train you by mail and put you in touch with big opportunities. Big pay, fine living, interesting work, quick advancement, permanent. Write for free book, *YOUR BIG OPPORTUNITY.” Lewis Hotel Training Schools, Room 5842, Washington, D. C.

Companions and Domestic Helpers WORKING housekeeper-Family of four and governess. Cooking; waiting; no washing. References. Telephone Scarsdale 283, or PO. Box 54, Scarsdale, N. Y.

WANTED-Working housekeeper and assistant to do all the work (except laundry) in household of three women in Cleveland, Ohio. One of them is a professional woman away all day. Quiet household, with many priviJeges. Addre-s 2,214, Outlook.

WANTED-Refined woman as mother's helper in family of two adults and a two year old child. Comfortable home and work not difficult. Please write, stating wages and giv ing references. Mrs. Frederick Muhlenberg, 726 North 3d St., Reading, Pa.

WANTED-Useful companion to elderly lady. Protestant. One who understands housekeeping. References required. Address Box 476, Scranton, Pa.

Teachers and Governesses WANTED-Governess or mother's helper, English preferred, to assist in care and training of five children, four of whom attend school. Pleasant home life. Summer home in New England. No housework required. Please state salary expected. Mrs. Robert Kip Goodlatte, 291 Higli St., Passaic, N. J.

WANTED-Experienced governess, Protestant, to teach girl 6 and physical care of girl 2 Capable of taking entire charge. State age, method of teaching, and experience. Referers Florida, winters; New York, summers. 27 Outlook.

HELP WANTED

Teachers and Governesses

WANTED at once-Lady, Protestant, experienced teacher-governess, for girl 8. Country. Good references. Salary sixty dollars a month. Please send picture. Box 15, Fairville, Chester County, Pa.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Professional Situations GRADUATE nurse, exceptional ability, would care for chronic case of any descrip tion, or chaperon lady. Regular rates. 2,206, Outlook.

TRAINED nurse-companion for aged or chronic invalid. Refined young woman. References. 2.220, Outlook.

TRAINED nurse, of Finnish nationality, with many years' hospital and private experience, wishes permanent position as nursecompanion or nurse to invalid lady. Best American credentials. Miss Sandberg, 321 Eighth Ave., North Pelham, N. Y.

Business Situations

WOMAN, middle-aged, with library training, wishes position for the winter months in an exchange or as hotel librarian. Florida or California preferred. 2,225, Outlook.

EDUCATED Virginia woman, ten years' experience, desires secretarial position with man or woman. References. Box 203, Lynchburg, Va.

WANTED-Position as assistant in club or tea room by business woman, thirty, desiring experience in this line. Three years in present office position. 2,235, Outlook.

Companions and Domestic Helpers

YOUNG woman, highly educated, widely traveled, social and secretarial training, pleas ing, cultured personality, desires position as courier, hostess, chaperon, or companion. Congenial surroundings more important than salary. Highest references. 2,223, Outlook. SOUTHERN girl desires position as companion. Will travel. References exchanged. 2,218, Outlook.

COLLEGE boy desires position as companion. Best references. 2,217, Outlook.

COMPANION — Agreeable reader would like position as companion where reading aloud is an especial requirement. Highest references. Terms arranged by personal interview. 2.219, Outlook.

CONGENIAL. cultured woman as useful companion or supervisor where help is kept. Widow's or widower's home preferred. 2,244, Outlook.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Companions and Domestic Helpers REFINED, American Protestant young woman desires position as mother's helper or companion. New York preferred. Excellent references. 2,222, Outlook.

SECRETARIAL companion. Responsible, educated lady, used to travel, companion to invalids, secretarial duties, etc., wants position with responsible people. Protestant. References given and taken. 3915 Baring St., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXPERIENCED nursery governess desires position, children over four and assist with housekeeping. Six years in last position. Best reference. 2,229, Outlook.

COMPANION-Young woman trained in nursing desires position with party planning to travel this winter. Miss Cory, Brewster, Mass.

NURSE-Graduate of Edinburgh Royal Infirmary wishes position as nurse-housekeeper to elderly lady or gentleman or couple. Experienced traveler. Highest professional credentials from Scotland, England, France, Cuba, and U. S. A. 2,233, Outlook.

DIETITIAN, experienced, desires position in hospital or college dormitory. Address 2,239, Outlook.

WANTED-Place by fine, educated woman as housekeeper or companion. Free to travel. No encumbrances. Best of references. Box 44, Lexington, Ky.

WOMAN of refinement would like position as companion or secretary with people traveling South. 2,238, Outlook.

MATRON of girls' school wishes change of situation at Christmas. Would travel or consider any position of trust. American and Canadian references. 2,245, Outlook.

Teachers and Governesses VISITING tutor-governess to children over six. Gerraan, French, piano. 12th year. Prepare for regents. 2,116, Outlook.

YOUNG man, teacher, experienced, college graduate, desires position in religious or private school. Primary, intermediate, or high school subjects. Protestant: highest references; moderate salary. 2,186, Outlook.

A gentlewoman with an understanding of children and capable of taking entire charge of music, would like engagement in or near New York, 2.236, Outlook.

EXPERIENCED governess desires position with children under six by October 19. Trained kindergartner. References. Suburbs of Philadelphia. Miss T. Stover, Audubon, N. J.

MISCELLANEOUS

THE advertiser will buy strictly high-class work, handkerchiefs, baby dresses, luncheon sets, or small novelties. References. Mrs. R. W. Wright, 3304 Fairview Ave., Baltimore. Md. (Price by the month.)

M. W. Wightman & Co. Shopping Agency, established 1895. No charge; prompt delivery. 25 West 24th St., New York.

TO young women desiring training in the care of obstetrical patients a very thorough nurses' aid course of six months is offered by the Lying-In Hospital, 307 Second Ave., New York. Monthly allowance and full maintenance is furnished. For further information address Directress of Nurses.

MISS Guthman, New York shopper, will shop for you. services free. No samples. References. 309 West 99th St.

BOYS wanted. 500 boys wanted to sell The Outlook each week. No investment necessary. Write for selling plan, Carrier Department, The Outlook Company, 381 Fourth Ave., New York City.

THE Olivia Sage School of Practical Nursing offers a one year's course in special bedside nursing to a limited number of women. Classes are formed twice a year. Pupils receive maintenance, uniform and salary. Apply to Director, New York Infirmary for Women and Children, 321 East 15th St., New York.

TYPING of manuscripts or other material by educated young woman who can punc tuate and spell. Address 2,212, Outlook.

FOR sale Rare steel engraving," New York in 1855 from the Latting Observatory." Size 3 feet 10 by 2 feet 7. 2,221, Outlook.

PAYING GUESTS-I am trying to find exactly the right place for two charming gentlewomen in the late fifties who want simple home accommodations within an hour and a half of New York, Women of fine feelings, they are ladies by instinet and tradition, reduced in circumstances since the war. Two quiet rooms and bath on the first floor are essential. Only simple meals desired. $200 monthly for both. Some one by this means could make enough in her own home in a year or so to go abroad or to send a child to college. Knowing them intimately, I will gladly an swer any questions regarding their personalities or needs. Address Miss Laura J. Hairy, 3149 Newark St., Washington, D. C.

PIANIST Protestant young woman. Mi igan University graduate, European train Wishes to exchange instruction for part of studio room. 2,246, Outlook.