WORDS OF EUPHO

DEF. 131.-A Word used chiefly sound, or to change the position, acce other Words in a Sentence, is

A Word of Euphony

EXAMPLES.-1. "I think there is a knot of you,
Beneath that hollow tree."

"There" is used to allow the Predicate " is "knot."

"

2. "I sit me down, a pensive hour "Me" is used to throw the accent on the word These were thy charms, swee

these,

With sweet succession, taught

"E'en" is used to make "toil" emphatic.

OBS. 1.-Words of Euphony are such as com other "part of speech." But they are properly cal when they do not perform their usual grammati then, in their offices chiefly Rhetorical-being use

(1.) To render other Words emphatic. EXAMPLES.-1. "Even in their ashes live their w

2. "The moon herself is lost in hea (2.) To change the position of the parts of EXAMPLES.-3. "There are no idlers here."

4. "Now, then, we are prepared t question."

(3.) To preserve the rhythm in a line of p EXAMPLES.-5. "I sit me down a pensive hour to 6. "His teeth they chatter, chatter st

REM. 1.-It is quite idle to call-as most gramm even, in Example (1), an Adverb, modifying "live;" to render the Phrase "in their ashes" emphatic. Suc not Grammatical.

REM. 2. To call the word "there," in Example (3), an

Adverb of

Place," is manifestly absurd; since the Verb "are" is modified by the Adverb "here," and hence cannot, at the same time, be modified by a Word of directly the opposite signification.

The same remark is also applicable to the worl ample (4).

then," in Ex

REM. 3.-The Word "me," in Example (5), is in form of a Pronoun. its office is to throw the accent on "down," and on the first syllable "pensive." The Verb "sit," is always Intransitive; hence it cannot an object. The Word "me," is therefore a Rhetorical Word-a Word of Euphony.

OBS. 2-Words are often transposed, lengthened, shortened, and in other ways changed for the sake of sound. (See "Euphony," in Part III.)

WORDS VARYING IN THEIR ETYMOLOGY.

REM. 1.-Words are similar in Orthoëpy, when they are pronounced with the same sound of the same letter.

EXAMPLES.-There, their-all, awl-ant, aunt.

REM. 2.-They are similar in Orthography when they are formed by the same letters, similarly arranged.

EXAMPLES.-Read, read-ex'tract, extract'-wind, wind.

REM. 3.-They are similar in Etymology when they perform a similar office in the construction of a Phrase or a Sentence.

REM. 4.-But it is plain that words similar in Orthoëpy differ in their Orthography-and words of similar Orthography perform widely dif ferent offices in different connections.

It should always be remembered by the scholar that the OFFICE of a word not its shape-determines its Etymology.

OBS.-Among the Words of similar Orthography that differ in their Etymology are the following:

A, . . . . . . . . Adj. . .

......

Webster wrote a Dictionary— Walker wrote another.

A,. . . . . . . .Prep. ....Wild winds and mad waves drive the vessel a wreck.

......

Above,....Prep... ...He stands above us.

Above,....Adv.

After,.....Prep...

.By the terms above specified.

.He that cometh after me is preferred before me.

.Conj..
......He came after you left.

After,.

After,.

.Adj...
.......He was in the after part of the ship.

As,.

As,

As, As,

.Prep.. ....To redeem such a rebel as me.- Wesley.

..Conj.. .....Just as the twig is bent the tree's inclined. .Adv. ...Nature, as far as art can do it, should be imitated . Pron.. .Such as I have give I unto thee. Before,....Prep. ....He stood before the people. Before,....Conj......They kneeled before they fought. Both,.....Adj.. ..Situated on both sides of the river.

Both,.

Both,.

But,

. Pron..

..Lepidus flatters both-of both is flattered.
..Conj......And now he is both loved and respected.
.Prep.. ..All but me were rewarded.

But, ..Adv. .....If we go, we can but die.

But,. ................Verb................I cannot but rejoice at his unexpected prosperity. Ere, .Prep... .And ere another evening's close.

.....

.....

Ere, ..Conj.. ...And ere we could arrive [at] the point proposed. ..Prep......They traveled for pleasure.

.He can not be a scholar, for he will not study.
Nature all blooming like thee.

..Like causes produce like effects.

We like whatever gives us pleasure.

.At the near approach of the star of day.

We live near the springs.

. Books were never near so numerous.

Neither,... Adj.. ......He can debate on neither side of the question.

Neither,... Pron.. ....We saw neither of them.

Neither,... Conj..

.The boy could neither read nor write.

Next,.....Adj.......The next generation.

Next,.....Prep...... Adjectives should be placed next their substantives.

.The off ox should keep the furrow.
William fell off the load.

..Love and love only is the loan for love.

......

Opposite,. Prep....

Past,.....Adj.

Past,.....Prep....

Only observe what a swarm is running after her
On the opposite bank of the river.

We stood opposite the Exchange.
.A past transaction.

.It was past mid-day

Since, ..Prep...

Since, ..Conj..

...

.Still waters reflect a milder light.

..Still struggling, he strives to stand. ...Still, the reflection has troubled me.

....

.Since yesterday, we have taken nothing.
...Since I cannot go, I will be contented here.

So, ..Adj.. ..Solomon was wise-we are not so.
So, ...... Adv. ......So calm, so bright.

So, ...Conj... "I'll say thee nay, so thou wilt woo."
Than,....Conj.......She is more nice than wise.

...

Than,. .Prep..
Than,.... Pron..
That, ...Adj....

..Than whom none higher sat.

We have more than heart can wish.
..That book is mine.

That, .... Pron. Rel..." Him that cometh unto me,

out."

That,....Pron. Adj. .Forgive me my foul murder
That, ...Conj.

Then,....Adv.

will in no wise cast

that cannot be.
.I am glad that he has lived thus long.
.Then, when I am thy captive, talk of chains.

Until,....Prep.... ..From morn, even until night.

Until,....Conj..

What, .Adj....

...

Until the day dawn.

.At what hour did you arrive?

What, .Rel. Pron... What Reason weaves, by Fassion is undone.
What,... Inter. Pron.. What does it avail?

What,...Exclam..... What! is thy servant a dog!

Within,..Prep.

Within, ..Adj..

.To inscribe a circle within a circle.

.Received on the within bond, five hundred dollars.

OBSERVATIONS ON SOME OF THE FOREGOING WORDS.

As...... When this Word introduces a Sentence, it is properly called a Conjunction.

EXAMPLE." As ye journey, sweetly sing."

When it introduces a Phrase, it is a Preposition, and is then generally equivalent to the Preposition for.

EXAMPLES.-1. "He gave me this as the latest news from the army." 2. "I am always fearful, lest I should tell you that for

4. "I mention these as a few exemplifications."

5. "And melancholy marked him for her own.”—--Gray. 6. "They will seek out some particular herb which they do not use as food."-Taylor.

7. "His friends were counted as his enemies."-Sigourney. 8. "All mark thee for a prey."-Cowper.

The above examples clearly indicate that as is sometimes a Prepo sition.

REM.-Many grammarians insist that as, in the above and similar examples, "must be a Conjunction, because, in most cases, it connects words in opposition.

The same is true of other Prepositions.

EXAMPLES.-1. In the city of New York.

2.

-thy shadowy hand was seen

Writing thy name of Death."-Pollock.

3. I took you for an honest man.

4. "And cries of―live forever !-struck the skies."

We do not claim that these examples contain words precisely in apposition--as much so, however, as any cases claimed to be connected by as.

As-is often used (by ellipsis of one or more words) as a Pronoun. [See REM. on than below.]

BUT. ....This word, like most Conjunctions, is derived from a Saxon Verb signifying "except"-" set aside"-"fail," &c.-[See Webster's Improved Grammar.]

In the list above given, the word retains its original signification and office