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and 8th Pennsylvania reserve regiments. Meade's brigade: 3d, 4th, 7th, and 11th Pennsylvania reserve regiments. Ord's brigade: 6th, 9th, 10th, and 12th Pennsylvania reserve regiments. 1st Pennsylvania reserve rifles.

KING'S DIVISION

Artillery.-Gibbon's battery B, 4th United States, 6 Napoleon guns; Monroe's battery D, 1st Rhode Island, 6 10-pounder Parrott guns; Gerrish's battery A, New Hampshire, 6 Napoleon guns; Durrell's battery, Pennsylvania, | 6 10-pounder Parrott guns. Infantry.- brigade: 2d, 6th, and 7th Wisconsin, and 19th Indiana volunteers. Patrick's brigade: 20th, 21st, 23d, and 25th New York State militia. Augur's brigade: 14th New York State militia, and 22d, 24th, and 30th New York volunteers.

FIFTH CORPS, GENERAL BANKS.

Cavalry.-1st Maine, 1st Vermont, 1st Michigan, 1st Rhode Island, 5th and 8th New York, Keyes's battalion of Pennsylvania, 18 companies of Maryland, 1 squadron of Virginia.

Unattached.-28th Pennsylvania volunteers, and 4th regiment Potomac home brigade, (Maryland volunteers).

WILLIAMS'S DIVISION.

Artillery.-Best's battery F, 4th United States, 3 Napoleon guns; Hampton's battery, Maryland, 4 10-pounder Parrott guns; Thompson's battery, Maryland, 4 10-pounder Parrott guns; Mathew's battery F, Pennsylvania, 6 3-inch ordnance guns; battery M, 1st New York, 6 10-pounder Parrott guns; Knapp's battery, Pennsylvania, 6 10-pounder Parrott guns; McMahon's battery, New York, 6 3-inch ordnance guns.

GENERAL WADSWORTH'S COMMAND.

Cavalry.-1st New Jersey cavalry, at Alexandria, and 4th Pennsylvania cavalry, east of the Capitol.

Artillery and infantry.-10th New Jersey volunteers, Bladensburg road; 104th New York volunteers, Kalorama heights; 1st Wisconsin heavy artillery, Fort Cass, Virginia; 3 batteries of New York artillery, Forts Ethan Allen and Marcy; depot of New York light artillery, Camp Barry; 2d District of Columbia volunteers, Washington city; 26th Pennsylvania volunteers, G street wharf; 26th New York volunteers, Fort Lyon; 95th New York volunteers, Camp Thomas; 94th New York and detachment of 88th Pennsylvania volunteers, Alexandria; 91st Pennsylvania volunteers, Franklin Square barracks; 4th New York artillery, Forts Carroll and Greble; 112th Pennsylvania volunteers, Fort Saratoga; 76th New York volunteers, Fort Massachusetts; 59th New York volunteers, Fort Pennsylvania; detachment of 88th Pennsylvania volunteers, Fort Good Hope; 99th Pennsylvania volunteers, Fort Mahon; 2d New York light artillery, Forts Ward, Worth, and Blenker; 107th and 54th Pennsylvania volunteers, Kendall Green; Dickerson's light artillery, 86th New York, and detachment of 88th Pennsylvania volunteers, east of the Capitol; 14th Massachusetts (volunteers) heavy artillery and 56th Pennsylvania volunteers, Forts Albany, Tillinghast, Richardson, Runyon, Jackson, Barnard, Craig, and Scott; detachments of the 4th United States artillery and 37th New York volunteers, Fort Washington; 97th, 101st, and 91st New York, and 12th Virginia volunteers, Fort Corcoran.

In camp near Washington.-6th and 10th New York, Swain's New York, and 2d Pennsylvania cavalry, all dismounted.

crombie.

These troops (3,359 men) were ordered to report to Colonel Miles, commanding railroad Infantry.-Abercrombie's brigade: 12th and guard, to relieve 3,306 older troops ordered to 2d Massachusetts, and 16th Indiana, 1st Poto-be sent to Manassas to report to General Abermac home brigade, (Maryland), 1 company Zouaves D'Afrique, (Pennsylvania), volunteers. brigade: 9th New York State militia, and 29th Pennsylvania, 29th Indiana, and 3d Wisconsin volunteers. brigade: 28th New York, 5th Connecticut, 46th Pennsylvania, 1st Maryland, 12th Indiana, and 13th Massachusetts volunteers.

SHIELDS'S DIVISION.

GENERAL DIX'S COMMAND, BALTIMORE. Cavalry.-1st Maryland cavalry and detachment of Purnell Legion cavalry.

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Artillery-Battery I, 2nd United States; battery Maryland; battery L, 1st New York; and two independent batteries of Pennsylvania artillery.

Infantry.-3d and 4th New York, 11th, 87th, and 111th Pennsylvania, detachment 21st Massachusetts, 2d Delaware, 2d Maryland, 1st and 2d Eastern Shore (Maryland) home guards, and Purnell Legion (two battalions) Maryland volunteers.

Artillery.—Clark's battery E, 4th United States, 6 10-pounder Parrott guns; Jenk's battery A, 1st Virginia, 4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 6-pounder guns; Davy's battery B, 1st Virginia, 2 10-pounder Parrott guns; Huntington's battery A, 1st Ohio, 6 13-pounder James's guns; In a staff charged with labors so various and Robinson's battery L, 1st Ohio, 2 12-pounder important as that of the army of the Potomac, howitzers and 4 6-pounder guns; and a chief was indispensable to supervise the varibattery, 4th Ohio artillery. ous departments and to relieve the commanding Infantry.brigade: 14th Indiana, general of details. The officer of chief of staff, 4th, 8th, and 67th Ohio, 7th Virginia, and 84th well known in European armies, had not been Pennsylvania volunteers. brigade: considered neccessary in our small peace estab5th, 62d, and 66th Ohio, 13th Indiana, and lishment. The functions of the office were not 39th Illinois volunteers. brigade: defined, and, so far as exercised, had been inclu7th and 29th Ohio, 7th Indiana, 1st Virginia, ded in the Adjutant General's department. The and 11th Pennsylvania volunteers. Andrew small number of officers in this department, sharpshooters. and the necessity for their employment in other

duties, have obliged commanding generals, during this war, to resort to other branches of the service to furnish suitable chiefs of staff.

sula campaign. Before its termination Captains W. S. Abert and Charles R. Lowell, of the 6th United States cavalry, joined my staff as aidesOn the 4th of September, 1861, I appointed de-camp, and remained with me until I was Colonel R. B. Marcy, of the inspector gen-relieved from the command of the army of the eral's department, chief of staff, and he entered Potomac. All of these officers served me with upon service immediately, discharging the va- great gallantry and devotion; they were ever rious and important duties with great fidelity, ready to execute any service, no matter how industry, and ability, from this period until I dangerous, difficult, or fatiguing. was removed from command at Rectortown. Many improvements have been made during the war in our system of staff administration, but much remains to be done.

ENGINEERS.

When I assumed command of the army of the Potomac I found Major J. G. Barnard, United States engineers, subsequently brigadier general of volunteers, occupying the position of chief engineer of that army. I continued him in the same office, and at once gave the defences of the capital, and for the entire reor

Our own experience, and that of other armies, agree in determining the necessity for an efficient and able staff. To obtain this, our staff establishment should be based on correct principles, and extended to be adequate to the necessities of the service, and should include a system of necessary instructions for the completion of the staff and line education.

The affairs of the Adjutant General's depart-ganization of the department. ment, while I commanded the army of the Potomac, were conducted by Brigadier General S. Williams, assisted by Lieutenant Colonel James A. Hardie, aide-de-camp. Their management of the department during the organization of the army in the fall and winter of 1861, and during its subsequent operations in the field, was excellent.

Under his direction the entire system of defences was carried into execution. This was completed before the army departed for Fort Monroe, and is a sufficient evidence of the skill of the engineers and the dilligent labor of the troops.

For some months after the organization of the army of the Potomac was commenced there were They were, during the entire period, assisted no engineer troops with it. At length, howby Captain Richard B. Irwin, aide-de-camp, ever, three companies were assigned. Under and during the organization of the army by the the skilful management of Captain J. C. Duane, following-named officers: Captains Joseph Kirk- United States engineers, these new companies land, Arthur McClellan, M. T. McMahon, Wil- rapidly became efficient, and, as will be seen, liam P. Mason, and William F. Biddle, aides-rendered most valuable service during the ensude-camp. ing campaign.

My personal staff, when we embarked for the Peninsula, consisted of Colonel Thomas M. Key, additional aide-de-camp; Colonel E. H. Wright, additional aide-de-camp and major, 6th United States cavalry; Colonel T. T. Gantt, additional aide-de-camp; Colonel J. J. Astor, jr., volunteer aide-de-camp; Lieutenant Colonel A. V. Colburn, additional aide-de-camp and captain, Adjutant General's department; Lieutenant Colonel N. B. Sweitzer, additional aide-decamp and captain, 1st United States cavalry; Lieutenant Colonel Edward McK. Hudson, additional aide-de camp and captain, 14th United States infantry; Lieutenant Colonel Paul Von Radowitz, additional aide-de-camp; Major H. Von Hammerstein, additional aide-de-camp; Major W.W. Russell, United States marine corps; Major F. LeCompte, of the Swiss army, volunteer aide-de-camp; Captains Joseph Kirkland, Arthur McClellan, L. P. D'Orleans, R. D'Orleans, M. T. McMabon, William P. Mason, jr., William F. Biddle, and E. A. Raymond, additional aides-de-camp.

To this number I am tempted to add the Prince de Joinville, who constantly accompanied me through the trying campaign of the Peninsula, and frequently rendered important services. Of these officers Captain McMahon was assigned to the personal staff of Brigadier General Franklin, and Captains Kirkland and Mason to that of Brigadier General F. J. Porter during the siege of Yorktown. They remained subsequently with those general officers. Major LeCompte left the army during the siege of Yorktown; Colonels Gantt and Astor, Major Russell, Captains L. P. D'Orleans, R. D'Orleans, and Raymond at the close of the Penin

The number of engineer troops being entirely inadequate to the necessities of the army, an effort was made to partially remedy this defect by detailing the 15th and 50th New York vol unteers, which contained many sailors and mechanics, as engineer troops. They were first placed under the immediate superintendence of Lieutenant Colonel B. S. Alexander, United States engineers, by whom they were iustructed in the duties of pontoniers, and became somewhat familiar with those of sappers and miners. Previous to the movement of the army for the Peninsula this brigade was placed under the command of Brigadier General D. P. Woodbury, major United States engineers.

The labor of preparing the engineer and bridge trains devolved chiefly upon Captain Duane, who was instructed to procure the new model French bridge train, as I was satisfied that the India-rubber pontoon was entirely useless for the general purposes of a campaign.

The engineer department presented the following complete organization when the army moved for the Peninsula:

Brigadier General J. G. Barnard, chief enginoer; First Lieutenant H. C. Abbott, topographical engineers, aide-de-camp. Brigade volunteer engineers, Brigadier General Woodbury commanding: 15th New York volunteers, Colonel McLeod Murphy; 50th New York volunteers, Colonel C. B. Stewart. Battalion, three companies United States engineers, Captain J. C. Duane commanding; companies respectively commanded by First Lieutenants C. B. Reese, C. E. Cross, and O. E. Babcock, United States engineers. The chief engineer was ably assisted in his duties by Lieutenant

Colonel B. S. Alexander, and First Lieutenants C. R. Comstock, M. D. McAlester, and Merrill, United States engineers. Captain C. S. Stewart and Second Lieutenant F. U. Farquhar, United States engineers, joined after the army arrived at Fort Monroe.

The necessary bridge equipage for the operations of a large army had been collected, consisting of bateaux with the anchors and flooring material, (French model), trestles, and engineers' tools, with the necessary wagons for their transportation.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ENGINEERS.

MEDICAL DEPARTMENT.

For the operations of the medical department I refer to the reports, transmitted herewith, of Surgeon Charles S. Tripler and Surgeon Jonathan Letterman, who, in turn, performed the duties of medical director of the army of the Potomac, the former from August 12, 1861, until July 1, 1862, and the latter after that date. The difficulties to be overcome in organizing and making effective the medical department were very great, arising principally from the The small number of officers of this corps inexperience of the regimental medical officers, available, rendered it impracticable to detail many of whom were physicians taken suddenly engineers permanently at the headquarters of from civil life, who, according to Surgeon Tripcorps and divisions. The companies of regular ler, "had to be instructed in their duties from engineers never had their proper number of the very alphabet," and from the ignorance of officers, and it was necessary, as a rule, to follow the line officers as to their relations with the the principle of detailing engineer officers tem- medical officers, which gave rise to confusion porarily whenever their services were required. and conflict of authority. Boards of examination were instituted, by which many ignorant officers were removed; and by the successive exertions of Surgeons Tripler and Letterman, To the corps of topographical engineers was the medical corps was brought to a very high intrusted the collection of topographical infor- degree of efficiency. With regard to the sanimation and the preparation of campaign maps. tary condition of the army while on the PotoUntil a short time previous to the departure of mac, Dr. Tripler says that the records show a the army for Fort Monroe, Lieutenant Colonel constantly increasing immunity from disease. John W. Macomb was in charge of this depart-"In October and November, 1861, with an ment, and prepared a large amount of valuable material. He was succeeded by Brigadier General A. A. Humphreys, who retained the position throughout the Peninsula campaign. These officers were assisted by Lieutenants H. L. Abbott, O. G. Wagner, N. Bowen, John M. Wilson, and James H. Wilson, topographical engineers. This number, being the greatest available, was so small that much of the duty of the department devolved upon parties furnished by Professor Bache, Superintendent of the Coast Survey, and other gentlemen from civil life.

Owing to the entire absence of reliable topographical maps, the labors of this corps were difficult and arduous in the extreme. Notwithstanding the energy and ability displayed by General Humphreys, Lieutenant Colonel Macomb, and their subordinates, who frequently obtained the necessary information under fire, the movements of the army were sometimes unavoidably delayed by the difficulty of obtaining knowledge of the country in advance. The result of their labors has been the preparation of an excellent series of maps, which will be invaluable to any army traversing the same ground.

During the campaign it was impossible to draw a distinct line of demarcation between the duties of the two corps of engineers so that the labors of reconnoisances of roads, of lines of intrenchments, of fields for battle, and of the position of the enemy, as well as the construction of siege and defensive works, were habit ually performed by details from either corps, as the convenience of the service demanded.

I desire to express my high appreciation of the skill, gallantry, and devotion displayed by the officers of both corps of engineers, under the most trying circumstances.

During the Maryland campaign I united the two corps under Captain J. C. Duane, United States engineers, and found great advantages from the arrangement.

I

army averaging 130,000 men, we had 7,932 cases of fever of all sorts; of these, about 1,000 were reported as cases of typhoid fever. know that errors of diagnosis were frequently committed, and therefore this must be considered as the limit of typhoid cases. If any army in the world can show such a record as this, I do not know when or were it was assembled.” From September, 1861, to February, 1862, while the army was increasing, the number of sick decreased from 7 per cent. to 6.18 per cent. Of these, the men sick in the regimental and general hospitals were less than one-half; the remainder were slight cases, under treatment in quarters. "During this time, so far as rumor was concerned, the army was being decimated by disease every month." Of the sanitary condition of the army during the Peninsula campaign, up to its arrival at Harrison's landing, Dr. Tripler says: "During this campaign the army was favored with excellent health. No epidemic disease appeared. Those scourges of modern armies-dysentery, tupus, cholerawere almost unknown. We had some typhoid fever and more malarial fevers, but even these never prevailed to such an extent as to create any alarm. The sick reports were sometimes larger than we cared to have them; but the great majority of the cases reported were such as did not threaten life or permanent disability. I regret that I have not before me the retained copies of the monthly reports, so that I might give accurate statistics. I have endeavored to recover them, but have been unsuccessful. My recollection is, that the whole sick report never exceeded 8 per cent. of the force, and this including all sorts of cases, the trivial as well as the severe. The army of the Potomac must be conceded to have been the most healthy army in the service of the United States."

His remarks at the conclusion of his report upon our system of medical administration, and his suggestions for its improvement, are especially worthy of attention.

The service, labors, and privations of the troops during the seven days' battles had, of course, a great effect on the health of the army, after it reached Harrison's landing, increasing the number of sick to about 20 per cent. of the whole force.

quartermaster, who ably performed his duties. Lieutenant Colonel R. Ingalls, assistant quartermaster, was placed in charge of the department on the south side of the Potomac. I directed a large depot for transportation to be established at Perryville, on the left bank of the Susquehanna, a point equally accessible by rail and water. Captain C. G. Sawtelle, assistant quartermaster, was detailed to organize the camp, and performed his duties to my entire satisfaction. Captain J. J. Danna, assistant transportation in and about Washington, as well as of the large number of horses purchased for the use of the artillery and cavalry. The principal difficulties which General Van Vliet had to encounter arose from the inexperience of the majority of the officers of his department in the new regiments and brigades.

The nature of the military operations had also unavoidably placed the medical department in a very unsatisfactory condition. Supplies had been almost entirely exhausted or necessarily abandoned; hospital tents abandoned or destroyed, and the medical officers deficient in quartermaster, had immediate charge of the numbers and broken down by fatigue.

All the remarkable energy and ability of Surgeon Letterman were required to restore the efficiency of his department; but before we left Harrison's landing he had succeeded in fitting it out thoroughly with the supplies it required, and the health of the army was vastly improved by the sanitary measures which were enforced at his suggestion.

The necessity of attending personally to minor details rendered his duties arduous and

harassing in the extreme. All obstacles, however, were surmounted by the untiring industry of the chief quartermaster and his immediate subordinates, and when the army was prepared to move the organization of the department was found to be admirable.

The great haste with which the army was removed from the Peninsula made it necessary to leave at Fort Monroe, to be forwarded afterwards, nearly all the baggage and transportation, including medical stores and ambulances, all the vessels being required to transport the troops themselves and their ammunition; and When it was determined to move the army to when the army of the Potomac returned to the Peninsula, the duties of providing water Washington after General Pope's campaign, transportation were devolved by the Secretary and the medical department came once more of War upon his assistant, the Hon. John under Surgeon Letterman's control, he found it in a deplorable condition. The officers were worn out by the labors they had performed, and the few supplies that had been brought from the Peninsula had been exhausted or abandoned, so that the work of reorganization and resupplying had to be again performed, and this while the army was moving rapidly, and almost in the face of the enemy. That it was successfully accomplished is shown by the care and attention which the wounded received after the battles of South Mountain and An

tietam.

Among the improvements introduced into his department by Surgeon Letterman, the principal are the organization of an ambulance corps, the system of field hospitals, and the method of supplying by brigades, all of which were instituted during the Maryland campaign, and have since proved efficient.

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Tucker. The vessels were ordered to Alexanin immediate charge of the embarkation of the dria, and Lieutenant Colonel Ingalls was placed troops, transportation, and materiel of every description. Operations of this nature, on so extensive a scale, had no parallel in the history

of our country.

The arrangements of Lieutenant Colonel and energy, and the army and its materiel were Ingalls were perfected with remarkable skill embarked and transported to Fortress Monroe in a very short space of time, and entirely with

out loss.

the arrival of troops at Harrison's landing, During the operations on the Peninsula, until General Van Vliet retained the position of chief quartermaster, and maintained the thorough organization and efficiency of his depart

ment.

The principal depots of supplies were under the immediate charge of Lieutenant Colonels Ingalls and Sawtelle.

On the 10th of July, 1862, General Van Vliet having requested to be relieved from duty with the army of the Potomac, I appointed Lieutenant Colonel Ingalls chief quartermaster, and he continued to discharge the duties of that office during the remainder of the Peninsula and the Maryland campaigns in a manner which fully sustained the high reputation he had previously acquired.

The immediate amount of labor accomplished, often under the most difficult circumstances, the admirable system under which the duties of the department were performed, and the entire success which attended the efforts to supply so large an army, reflect the highest credit upon the officers upon whom these onerous duties devolved. The reports of General Van Vliet and Lieutenant Colonel Ingalls, with the accompanying documents, give in detail the history of the department from its organization

until I was relieved from the command of the was placed under the charge of Captain C. P. army of the Potomac.

SUBSISTENCE DEPARTMENT.

Kingsbury, ordnance corps, colonel and aidede-camp. Great difficulty existed in the proper organization of the department for the want of a sufficient number of suitable officers to perOn the 1st of August, 1861, Colonel H. F. form the duties at the various headquarters and Clark, commissary of subsistence, joined my depots of supply. But far greater obstacles staff, and at once entered upon his duties as had to be surmounted, from the fact that the chief commissary of the army of the Potomac. supply of small arms was totally inadequate to In order to realize the responsibilities pertain- the demands of a large army, and a vast proing to this office, as well as to form a proper portion of those furnished were of such infeestimate of the vast amount of labor which rior quality as to be unsatisfactory to the troops, must necessarily devolve upon its occupant, it and condemned by their officers. The supply is only necessary to consider the unprepared of artillery was more abundant, but of greater state of the country to engage in a war of such variety. Rifled ordnance was just coming into magnitude as the present, and the lack of prac-use, for the first time in this country, and the tical knowledge, on the part of the officers, with reference to supplying and subsisting a large, and at that time, unorganized army. Yet, notwithstanding the existence of these great obstacles, the manner in which the duties of the commissary department were discharged was such as to merit and call forth the commendation of the entire army.

description of gun and kind of projectile which would prove most effective, and should, therefore, be adopted, was a mere matter of theory. To obviate these difficulties, large quantities of small arms of foreign manufacture were contracted for; private enterprise in the construction of arms and ammunition was encouraged; and by the time the army was ordered to move to the Peninsula the amount of ordnance and ordnance stores was ample. Much also had been done to bring the quality, both of arms and ammunition, up to the proper standard. Boards of officers were in session continually during the autumn and winter of 1861, to test the relative merits of new arms and projectiles.

During the stay of the army of the Potomac in the vicinity of Washington, prior to the Peninsula campaign, its subsistence was drawn chiefly from the depots which had been established by the commissary department at Washington, Alexandria, Forts Corcoran and Runyon. In the important task of designating and establishing depots of supplies, Colonel Clark was ably seconded by his assistants, Colonel Amos The reports of these boards, confirmed by Beckwith, commissary of subsistence, U. S. A.; subsequent experience in the field, have done Lieutenant Colonel George Bell, commissary much to establish the respective claims of difof subsistence, U. S. A.; Lieutenant Colonel ferent inventors and manufacturers. During A. P. Porter, commissary of subsistence, U. S. the campaigns of the Peninsula and Maryland A.; Captain Thomas Wilson, commissary of the officers connected with the department were subsistence, U. S. A.; Captain Brownell Gran- zealous and energetic, and kept the troops well ger, commissary of subsistence, U. S. volun- supplied, notwithstanding the perplexing and teers; Captain W. H. Bell, commissary of arduous nature of their duties. One great subsistence, U. S. A.; Captain J. H. Wood-source of perplexity was the fact that it had ward, commissary of subsistence, U. S. volun- been necessary to issue arms of all varieties. teers; and Captain W. R. Murphy, commissary of subsistence, U. S. volunteers.

and calibres, giving an equal diversity in the
kinds of ammunition required. Untiring watch-
fulness was therefore incumbent upon the offi-
cers in charge to prevent confusion and improper
distribution of cartridges. Colonel Kingsbury
discharged the duties of his office with great
efficiency until the
day of July, 1862,
when his health required that he should be
relieved. First Lieutenant Thomas G. Baylor,
ordnance corps, succeeded him, and performed
his duty during the remainder of the Peninsula
and Maryland campaigns with marked ability
and success.

For a full knowledge of the highly creditable manner in which each and all of the above-mentioned officers discharged their duties, I invite attention to the detailed report of Colonel Clarke. The remarks and suggestions contained in his report are worthy of attention, as affording valuable rules for the future guidance of the subsistence department in supplying armies in the field. The success of the subsistence department of the army of the Potomac was in a great measure attributable to the fact that the subsistence department at Wash- The want of reports from Colonel Kingsbury ington made ample provision for sending sup- and Lieutenant Baylor renders it impossible for plies to the Peninsula, and that it always me to enter at all into the details of the organiexercised the most intelligent foresight. Itzation of the department. moreover gave its advice and countenance to

the officers charged with its duties and reputation in the field, and those officers, I am happy to say, worked with it, and together, in perfect harmony for the public good. During the entire period that I was in command of the army of the Potomac there was no instance within my knowledge where the troops were without their rations from any fault of the officers of this department.

ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT.

This very important branch of the service

PROVOST MARSHAL'S DEPARTMENT.

Immediately after I was placed in command of the "Division of the Potomac," I appointed Colonel Andrew Porter, 16th regiment infantry, provost marshal of Washington. All the available regular infantry, a battery and a squadron of cavalry were placed under his command, and by his energetic action he soon corrected the serious evils which existed, and restored order in the city.

When the army was about to take the field,

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