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Sec. Art.

Miscellaneous.

to the existence of such laws, and by them only declared criminal, are contrary to the principles of a free government; wherefore no ex post facto law shall be made.

20. I.

That no retrospective law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, shall be made.

3. IX.

Any person who shall, after the adoption of this Constitution, fight a duel or knowingly be the bearer of a challenge to fight a duel, or send or accept a challenge for that purpose, or be an aider or abettor in fighting a duel, shall be deprived of the right to hold any office of honor or profit in this State, and shall be punished otherwise, in such manner as the Legislature may prescribe.

16. X.

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Every person of good character who comes to settle in this State, having first taken an oath or affirmation of allegiance to the same, may purchase, or by other means acquire, hold or transfer land, or other real estate; and after one year's residence shall be deemed a free denizen thereof, and entitled to all rights of a natural born subject of this State, except that he shall not be capable of being elected Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, Treasurer, Councillor or Representative in Assembly, until after two years' residence.

2. I.

VIRGINIA.

That this State shall ever remain a member of the United States

Sec. Art.

Miscellaneous.

of America, and that the people thereof are a part of the American nation, and that all attempts, from whatever source or upon whatever pretext, to dissolve said union or to sever said nation are unauthorized, and ought to be resisted with the whole power of the State. 3. I.

That the Constitution of the United States and the laws of Congress passed in pursuance thereof constitute the supreme law of the land, to which paramount allegiance and obedience are due from every citizen, anything in the Constitution, ordinances or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding.

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Sec. Art.

Miscellaneous.

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Sec. Art.

ation shall be released or discharged from liability or responsibility on account of personal injuries received by such servants or employes while in the service of such person, company or corporation by reason of the negligence of such person, company or the corporation, or agents or employes thereof, and such contracts shall be absolutely null and void.

No person not a citizen of the United States or who has not declared his intention to become such shall be employed upon or in connection with any State, county or municipal works or employment.

Eight (8) hours' actual work shall constitute a lawful day's work in all mines, and on all State and municipal works.

2. XIX.

The Legislature shall, by appropriate legislation, see that the provisions of the foregoing section are enforced.

4. XXI.

All fines, penalties, forfeitures and escheats accruing to the Territory of Wyoming shall accrue to the use of the State.

Qualification of Voters.

QUALIFICATION OF VOTERS.

ARTICLE II.

I Section 1. Every male citizen of the age of twenty-one 2 years, who shall have been a citizen for ninety days, and an 3 inhabitant of this State one year next preceding an election, 4 and for the last four months a resident of the county, and for 5 the last thirty days a resident of the election district in which 6 he may offer his vote, shall be entitled to vote at such election 7 in the election district of which he shall at the time be a resi8 dent, and not elsewhere, for all officers that now are or here9 after may be elective by the people, and upon all questions 10 which may be submitted to the vote of the people; provided II that in time of war no elector in the actual military service of 12 the State, or of the United States, in the army or navy thereof, 13 shall be deprived of his vote by reason of his absence from 14 such election district; and the Legislature shall have power to 15 provide the manner in which and the time and place at which. 16 such absent electors may vote, and for the return and canvass 17 of their votes in the election districts in which they respectively 18 reside.

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Every male citizen of the United

States, and every male person of foreign birth who may have legally declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States before he offers to vote, who is twenty-one years old, or upwards, possessing the following qualifications, shall be an elector and shall be entitled to vote at any election by the people, except as hereinafter provided:

First - He shall have resided in this State at least one year immediately preceding the election at which he offers to vote. Second - He shall have resided in the county for three months, and in the precinct or ward for thirty days immediately preceding the election at which he offers to vote: Provided, That the General Assembly may prescribe a longer or shorter residence in any precinct in any county, or in any ward in any incorporated city or town having a population of more than five thousand inhabitants, but in no case to exceed three months; and provided, that no soldier, sailor or marine, in the military or naval service of the United States, shall acquire a residence by being stationed in this State.

1. VIII.

ARKANSAS.

Every male citizen of the United States, or male person who has declared his intention of becom

Sec. Art.

ing a citizen of the same, of the age of twenty-one years, who has resided in the State twelve months, and in the county six months, and in the voting precinct or ward one month next preceding any election, where he may propose to vote, shall be entitled to vote at all elections by the people.

24 I.

CALIFORNIA.

No property qualification shall ever be required for any person to vote or hold office.

1. II.

Every native male citizen of the United States, every male person who shall have acquired the rights of citizenship under or by virtue of the treaty of Queretaro, and every male naturalized citizen thereof, who shall have become such ninety days prior to any election, of the age of twenty-one years, who shall have been a resident of the State one year next preceding the election, and of the county in which he claims his vote ninety days, and in the election precinct thirty days, shall be entitled to vote at all elections which are now or may hereafter be authorized by law: Provided, No native of China, no idiot, insane person, or person convicted of any infamous crime, and no person hereafter convicted of the embezzlement or misappropriation of public money, shall ever exercise the privileges of an elector in this State.

1. VII.

COLORADO.

Every male person over the age of twenty-one years, possessing the following qualifications, shall be entitled to vote at all eleotions:

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