the siege of Yorktown, to very nearly one hun- and availed themselves so industriously of the dred pieces, and comprised the unusual calibres instructions of the regular officers, their comand enormously heavy weight of metal of two manders, and the example of the regular bat200-pounders, five 100-pounders, and ten 13-teries, their associates, that they made rapid inch sea-coast mortars."

As has been before, stated, the chief of artillery reports the whole of the field artillery of the army of the Potomac, July 28, 1861, was comprised of nine imperfectly equipped batteries, of thirty guns, 650 men, and 400 horses. In March, 1862, when the whole army took the field, it consisted of ninety-two batteries, of 520 guns, 12,500 men, and 11,000 horses, fully equipped and in readiness for active field service; of the whole force thirty batteries were regulars, and sixty-two batteries volunteers. During the short period of seven months, all of this immense amount of material was issued by the ordnance department and placed in the hands of the artillery troops after their arrival in Washington. About one-fourth of all the volunteer batteries brought with them from their respective States a few guns and carriages, but they were nearly all of such peculiar calibre as to lack uniformity with the more modern and more serviceable ordnance with which the other batteries were armed, and they therefore had to be withdrawn and replaced by more suitable material. While about one-sixth came supplied with horses and harness, less than one-tenth were apparently fully equipped for service when they reported; and every one of these required the supply of many deficiencies of material, and very extensive instruction in the theory and practice of their special arm.

progress, and attained a degree of proficiency highly creditable.

The designations of the different batteries of artillery, both regular and volunteer, follow within a few pages.

The following distribution of regiments and batteries was made, as a preliminary organization of the forces at hand, shortly after my arrival in Washington. The infantry, artillery, and cavalry, as fast as collected and brought into primary organization, were assigned to brigades and divisions, as indicated in the subjoined statements.

Organization of the division of the Potomac,
August 4, 1861.

Brigadier General Hunter's brigade.-23d, 25th, 35th, and 37th regiments New York volunteers.

Brigadier General Heintzelman's brigade.5th regiment Maine volunteers, 16th, 26th, and 27th New York volunteers, and Tidball's battery, (A), 2d United States artillery.

Brigadier General W. T. Sherman's brigade. -9th and 14th regiments Massachusetts volunteers, DeKalb regiment New York volunteers, 4th regiment Michigan volunteers, Hamilton's battery, (E), 3d United States artillery, and company I, 2d United States cavalry.

Brigadier General Hooker's brigade.-1st and 11th regiments Massachusetts volunteers, 2d regiment New Hampshire volunteers, and 26th regiment Pennsylvania volunteers.

Brigadier General Kearney's brigade.-1st, The operations on the Peninsula by the army 2d, and 3d regiments New Jersey volunteers, of the Potomac commenced with a full field Green's battery, (G), 2d United States artilartillery force of fifty-two batteries of two hun-lery, and company G, 2d United States cavalry. dred and ninety-nine guns. To this must be added the field artillery of Franklin's division of McDowell's corps, which joined a few days before the capture of Yorktown, but was not disembarked from its transports for service un- Colonel Key's brigade.—22d, 24th, and 30th til after the battle of Williamsburg, and the regiments New York volunteers, and 14th regifield artillery of McCall's division of McDow-ment New York State militia. ell's corps, (four batteries, twenty-two guns), Brigadier General Franklin's brigade.-15th, which joined in June, a few days before the 18th, 31st, and 32d regiments New York vol battle of Mechanicsville, (June 26, 1862), mak-unteers, Platt's battery, (M), 2d United States ing a grand total of field artillery, at any time artillery, and company C, New York (Lincoln) with the army of the Peninsula, of sixty bat- cavalry. teries of three hundred and forty-three guns. Colonel Blenker's brigade.—8th and 27th regiWith this large force, saving in six corps d'arments New York volunteers, 27th regiment mee of eleven divisions, and the artillery re- Pennsylvania volunteers, and Garibaldi guard, serve, the only general and field officers were New York volunteers. one brigadier general, four colonels, three lieutenant colonels, and three majors, a number obviously insufficient, and which impaired to a great degree, in consequence of the want of rank and official influence of the commanders of corps and division artillery, the efficiency of the arm. As this faulty organization can be suitably corrected only by legislative action, it Colonel William F. Smith's brigade.—2d and is earnestly hoped that the attention of the 3d regiments Vermont volunteers, 6th regiment proper authorities may be at an early day in-Maine volunteers, 33d regiment New York volvited to it.

When there were so many newly organized volunteer field batteries, many of whom received their first and only instruction in the intrenched camps covering Washington during the three or four inclement months of the winter of 1861-'62, there was, of course, much to be improved. Many of the volunteer batteries, however, evinced such zeal and intelligence,

Colonel Richardson's brigade.-12th regiment New York volunteers, and 2d and 3d regiments Michigan volunteers.

Brigadier General Stone's brigade.-34th and Tammany regiments New York volunteers, 1st regiment Minnesota volunteers, and 2d regiment New York State militia.

unteers, company H, 2d United States cavalry, and Captain Mott's New York battery.

Colonel Couch's brigade.—2d regiment Rhode Island volunteers, 7th and 10th regiments Massachusett's volunteers, and 36th regiment New York volunteers.

The 2d regiment Maine, the 2d regiment Wiseonsin, and the 13th regiment New York volunteers, stationed at Fort Corcoran.

The 21st regiment New York volunteers, stationed at Fort Runyon.

The 17th regiment New York volunteers, stationed at Fort Ellsworth.

By October the new levies had arrived in sufficient numbers, and the process of organization so far carried on that the construction of divisions had been effected.

The following statement exhibits the composition of the army, October 15, 1861.

Organization of the army of the Potomac, October 15, 1861.

1. Brigadier General George Stoneman's cavalry command.—5th United States cavalry, 4th Pennsylvania cavalry, Oneida cavalry, (one company), 11th Pennsylvania cavalry, (Harlan's), and Barker's Illinois cavalry, (one company).

HEINTZELMAN'S DIVISION.

Cavalry.-1st New Jersey cavalry, Colonel

Halsted.

Artillery.-Thompson's battery, C, United States artillery.

Infantry.--Richardson's brigade: 2d, 3d, and 5th Michigan, and 37th New York volunteers. Sedgwick's brigade: 3d and 4th Maine, and 38th and 40th New York volunteers. Jameson's brigade: 32d, 63d, 61st, and 45th Pennsylvania volunteers, and Wild Cat reserves, (Pennsylvania volunteers).

F. J. PORTER'S DIVISION.

Averill, and 8th Pennsylvania cavalry, Colonel
Cavalry.-3d Pennsylvania cavalry, Colonel
Gregg.

United States artillery.
Artillery.-Battery E, 2d, and battery *E, 3d

2. Colonel H. J. Hunt's artillery reserve.— Infantry.-Morell's brigade: 33d PennsylvaBatteries L, A, and B, 2d United States artil- nia, 4th Michigan, 9th Massachusetts, and 4th New York volunteers. Martindale's brigade: lery, batteries K and F, 3d United States artil- 13th New York, 2d Maine, and 18th Massachulery, battery K, 4th United States artillery, bat-setts volunteers, and DeKalb regiment New tery H, 1st United States artillery, and battery A, 5th United States artillery.

York volunteers. Butterfield's brigade: 50th
New York, 83d Pennsylvania, (Colonel Mc-
Lean), 17th and 25th New York Volunteers,

3. CITY GUARD, BRIGADIER GENERAL ANDREW and Stockton's independent Michigan regiment.

Cavalry-Four companies 3rd regiment New York cavalry, (Van Allen's).

Artillery.-Best's battery E, 4th United States artillery, detachment 9th New York artillery, Matthews's battery E, 1st Pennsylvania artillery, Tompkins's battery A, 1st Rhode Island artillery.

FRANKLIN'S DIVISION

Cavalry.-1st New York cavalry, Colonel McReynolds.

Artillery.-Batteries D and G, 2d United States artillery, and Hexamer's battery, (New Jersey volunteers).

Infantry.-Kearney's brigade: 1st, 2d, 3d, and 4th New Jersey volunteers. Slocum's brigade: 16th, 26th, and 27th New York, and 6th Maine volunteers. Newton's brigade: 15th 18th, 32st, and 32d New York volunteers.

STONE'S DIVISION.

Cavalry.-Six companies 3d New York (Van Allen) cavalry.

Artillery. Kirby's battery I, 1st United States, Vaughn's battery B, 1st Rhode Island artillery, and Bunting's 6th New York independent battery.

Infantry.-Abercrombie's brigade: 12th Massachusetts, 12th and 16th Indiana, and 30th Pennsylvania volunteers. Stiles's brigade: 3d Infantry.-Gorman's brigade: 2nd New York Wisconsin, 29th Pennsylvania, and 13th Massa-State militia, 1st Minnesota, 15th Massachusetts, chusetts volunteers, and 9th New York State and 34th New York volunteers, and Tammany militia. Gordon's brigade: 2d Massachusetts, regiment, (New York volunteers). Lander's 28th and 19th New York, 5th Connecticut, 46th brigade: 19th and 20th Massachusetts, and 7th and 28th Pennsylvania, and 1st Maryland vol- Michigan volunteers, and a company of Massachusetts sharpshooters. Baker's brigade: Pennsylvania volunteers, (1st, 2d, and 3d California).

anteers.

M'DOWELL'S DIVISION.

Cavalry.-2d New York cavalry, (Harris's Light), Colonel Davis.

Artillery.-Battery M, 2d, and battery G, 1st United States Artillery.

Infantry.-Keys's brigade: 14th New York State militia, and 22d, 24th, and 30th New York volunteers. Wadsworth's brigade: 12th 21st, 23d, and 35th New York volunteers. King's brigade: 2d, 6th, and 7th Wisconsin, and 19th Indiana volunteers.

BUELL'S DIVISION.

Artillery.-Batteries D and H, 1st Pennsylvania artillery.

Infantry.-Couch's brigade: 2d Rhode Island, 7th and 10th Massachusetts, and 36th New York

*This battery was transferred to Sherman's expedition.

Cavalry.-4th New York cavalry (mounted with to organize that part of the said army desrifles,) Colonel Dickel.

The following order, which was made as soon as circumstances permitted, exbibits the steps

* The 79th New York State militia, the 47th Pennsyl- taken, to carry out the requirements of the

vania volunteers, and the Round-Head regiment, were transferred to General Sherman's expedition.

REPORT OF GENERAL GEORGE B. M'CLELLAN.

ARMY CORPS.

"HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
"Fairfax Court-house, Va., March 13, '62.

GENERAL ORDERS No. 151.]

"In compliance with the President's war order No. 2, March 8, 1862, the active portion of the army of the Potomac is formed into army corps, as follows:

"First corps, Major General Irwin McDowell, to consist for the present of the divisions of Franklin, McCall, and King. Second corps, Brigadier General E. V. Sumner; divisions, Richardson, Blenker, and Sedgwick. Third corps, Brigadier General S. P. Heintzelman; divisions, F. J. Porter, Hooker, and Hamilton. Fourth corps, Brigadier General E. D. Keyes; divisions, Couch, Smith and Casey. Fifth corps, Major General N. P. Banks; divisions, Williams

and Shields.

"The cavalry regiments attached to divisions will, for the present, remain so. Subsequent orders will provide for these regiments, as well as for the reserve artillery. Regular infantry and regular cavalry arrangements will be made to unite the divisions of each army corps as promptly as possible.

"The commanders of divisions will at once report in person, or where that is impossible, by letter, to the commander of their army corps. "By command of Major General McClellan. 66 A. V. COLBURN,

"Assistant Adjutant General.”

I add a statement of the organization and composition of the troops on April 1, commencing with the portion of the army of the Potomac which went to the Peninsula, giving afterwards the regiments and batteries left on the Potomac, and in Maryland and Virginia after April 1, 1862.

Troops of the army of the Potomac sent to the
Peninsula in March and early in April, 1862.

1st. Cavalry reserve, Brigadier General P. St. G. Cooke.-Emery's brigade: 5th United States cavalry; 6th United States cavalry; 6th Pennsylvania cavalry. Blake's brigade: 1st United States cavalry; 8th Pennsylvania cavalry; Barker's squadron Illinois cavalry.

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States, 6-4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 Napoleon -guns; Diedrick's battery A, New York artillery and battalion, 6 20-pounder Parrott guns; Vogelie's battery B, New York artillery and battalion, 4 20-pounder Parrott guns; Knierim's battery C, New York artillery and battalion, 4 20-pounder Parrott guns; Grimm's battery D, New York artillery and battalion, 6.32-pounder howitzer guns. Total, 100 guns.

3d. Volunteer engineer troops, General Woodbury: 15th New York volunteers; 50th

New York volunteers.

Companies A, B, and C, United States enRegular engineer troops, Captain Duane: gineers.

Artillery troops, with siege trains: 1st Connecticut heavy artillery, Colonel Tyler. General Sykes: 9 companies 2d United States 4th. Infantry reserve, (regular brigade), infantry, 7 companies 3d United States infantry, 10 companies 4th United States infantry, 10 companies 6th United States infantry, companies 10th and 17th United States infantry, 6 companies 11th United States infantry, companies 14th United States infantry, and 5th 8 companies 12th United States infantry, New York volunteers, Colonel Warren.

SECOND CORPS, GENERAL SUMNER.

Cavalry.-8th Illinois cavalry, Colonel Farnsworth, and one squadron 6th New York cavalry.

RICHARDSON'S DIVISION.

Artillery.-Clark's battery A and G, 4th United States, 6 Napoleon Guns; Frank's battery G, 1st New York, 6 10-pounder Parrott guns; Pettit's battery B, 1st New York, 6 10-pounder Parrott guns; Hogan's battery A, 2d New York 6 10-pounder Parrott guns.

Infantry. Howard's brigade: 5th New Hampshire, 81st Pennsylvania, and 61st and 64th New York volunteers. Meagher's brigade: 69th, 63d, and 88th New York volunteers. French's brigade: 52d, 57th, and 66th New York, and 53d Pennsylvania volunteers.

SEDGWICK'S DIVISION.

Artillery. Kirby's battery I, 1st United States, 6 Napoleon Guns; Tompkin's battery A, 1st Rhode Island, 6-4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 12-pounder howitzer-guns; Bartlett's battery B, 1st Rhode Island, 6-4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 12-pounder howitzer-guns; Owen's battery G, 6 3-inch ordnance guns.

brigade: 69th, 71st, 72d, and 106th Pennsylvania volunteers. Dana's brigade: 19th and 20th Massachusetts, 7th Michigan, and 42d New York volunteers.

2d. Artillery reserve, Colonel Henry J. Hunt: Graham's battery K and G, 1st United States, 6 Napoleon guns; Randall's battery E, 1st United States, 6 Napoleon guns; Carlisle's battery E, 2d United States, 6 20-pounder Parrott guns; Robertson's battery, 2d United States, 6 Infantry.-Gorman's brigade: 2d New York 3-inch ordnance guns; Benson's battery M, 2d State militia, and 15th Massachusetts, 34th New United States, 6 3-inch ordnance guns; Tid-York, and 1st Maine volunteers. Burns's ball's battery A, 2d United States, 6 3-inch ordnance guns; Edwards's battery L and M, 3d United States, 6 10-pounder Parrott guns; Gibson's battery C and G, 3d United States, 6 3-inch ordnance guns; Livingston's battery F and K, 3d United States, 4 10-pounder Parrott guns; Howe's battery G, 4th United States, 6 Napoleon guns; De Russy's battery K, 4th United States, 6 Napoleon guns; Weed's battery 1, 5th United States, 6 3-inch ordnance guns; Smead's battery K, 5th United States, 4 Napoleon guns; Ames's battery A, 5th United

NOTE.-Blenker's division detached and assigned to the mountain department.

THIRD CORPS, GEN. HEINTZELMAN. Cavalry.-3d Pennsylvania cavalry, Colonel Averill.

PORTER'S DIVISION.

Artillery.-Griffin's battery K, 5th United States, 6 10-pounder Parrott guns: Weeden's battery C, Rhode Island; Martin's battery C, Massachusetts, 6 Napoleon guns; Allen's battery E, Massachusetts, 6 3-inch ordnance guns. Infantry.-Martindale's brigade: 2d Maine, 18th and 22d Massachusetts, and 25th and 13th New York volunteers. Morell's brigade: 14th New York, 4th Michigan, 9th Massachusetts, and 62d Pennsylvania volunteers. Butterfield's brigade: 17th, 44th, and 12th New York, 83d Pennsylvania, and Stockton's Michigan volunteers.

First Berdan sharpshooters.

HOOKER'S DIVISION.

Artillery.-Hall's battery H, 1st United States, 6-4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 12-pounder howitzer-guns; Smith's battery, 4th New York, 6 10-pounder Parrott guns; Bramhall's battery, 6th New York, 6 3-inch ordnance guns; Osborn's battery D, 1st New York artillery, 4 3-inch ordnance guns.

Infantry.-Sickles's brigade: 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, and 5th Excelsior, New York. Naglee's brigade: 1st and 11th Massachusetts, 26th Pennsylvania, and 2d New Hampshire volunteers. Colonel Starr's brigade: 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th New Jersey volunteers.

HAMILTON'S DIVISION.

Artillery.-Thompson's battery G, 2d United States, 6 Napoleon guns; Beam's battery B, New Jersey, 6-4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 Napoleon-guns; Randolph's battery E, Rhode Island, 6-4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 Napoleon-guns.

Infantry.-Jameson's brigade: 105th, 63d, and 57th Pennsylvania, and 87th New York volunteers. Birney's brigade: 38th and 40th New York, and 3d and 4th Maine volunteers. brigade: 2d, 3d, and 5th Michigan, and 37th New York volunteers.

tery E, 1st New York, 4 3-inch ordnance guns; Kennedy's battery, 1st New York, 6 3-inch ord nance guns.

Infantry.-Hancock's brigade: 4th Wisconsin, 49th Pennsylvania, 43d New York, and 6th Maine volunteers. Brooks's brigade: 2d, 3d, 4th, 5th, and 6th Vermont volunteers. Davidson's brigade: 33d, 77th, and 49th New York, and 7th Maine volunteers.

CASEY'S DIVISION.

Artillery.-Regan's battery, 7th New York, 6 3-inch ordnance guns; Fitch's 8th New York, 6 3-inch ordnance guns; Bates's battery A, 1st New York, 6 Napoleon guns; Spratt's battery H, 1st New York, 4 3-inch ordnance guns.

Infantry.-Keim's brigade: 85th, 101st, and 103d Pennsylvania, and 96th New York volunteers. Palmer's brigade: 85th, 98th, 92d, 81st, and 93d New York volunteers. brigade: 104th and 52d Pennsylvania, 56th and 100th New York, and 11th Maine volunteers.

5th. Provost guard: 2d United States cavalry; battalions 8th and 17th United States infantry. At general headquarters: 2 companies 4th United States cavalry; 1 company Oneida cavalry, (New York volunteers); and 1 company Sturges's rifles, (Illinois volunteers).

The following troops of the army of the Potomac were left behind, or detached on and in front of the Potomac for the defence of that line, April 1, 1862. Franklin's and McCall's divisions, at subsequent and different dates, joined the active portion of the army on the Peninsula. Two brigades of Shields's division joined at Harrison's landing:

FIRST CORPS, GENERAL MCDOWELL.
Cavalry.-1st, 2d, and 4th New York, and
1st Pennsylvania.
Sharpshooters.-2d regiment Berdan's sharp-

hooters.

FOURTH CORPS, GENERAL KEYES.

COUCH'S DIVISION.

FRANKLIN'S DIVISION.

4

Artillery.-Platt's battery D, 2d United States, 6 Napoleon guns; Porter's battery A, Massachusetts, 6-4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 12pounder howitzer-guns; Hexamer's battery Artillery.-McCarthy's battery C, 1st Penn-A, New Jersey, 6-4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 sylvania, 4 10-pounder Parrott guns; Flood's 12-pounder howitzer-guns; Wilson's battery battery D, 1st Pennsylvania, 4 10-pounder Par- F, 1st New York artillery, 4 3-inch ordnance rott guns; Miller's battery E, 1st Pennsylvania, guns. 4 Napoleon guns; Brady's battery F, 1st Pennsylvania, 4 10-pounder Parrott guns.

Infantry.-Graham's brigade: 67th (1st Long Island) and 65th (1st United States chasseurs) New York, 23d, 31st, and 61st Pennsylvania volunteers. Peck's brigade: 98th, 102d, and 93d Pennsylvania, and 62d and 55th New York volunteers. brigade: 2d Rhode Island, 7th and 10th Massachusetts, and 36th New York volunteers.

SMITH'S DIVISION.

Artillery.-Ayre's battery F, 5th United States, 6-4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 Napoleon-guns; Mott's battery, 3d New York, 6 4 10-pounder Parrott and 2 Napoleon-guns; Wheeler's bat

Infantry.-Kearney's brigade: 1st, 2d, 3d, and 4th New Jersey volunteers. Slocum's brigade: 16th and 27th New York, 5th Maine, and 96th Pennsylvania volunteers. Newton's brigade: 18th, 31st, and 32d New York, and 95th Pennsylvania volunteers.