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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1852

Abstracts 754 - 758

FOREIGN RELATIONS (Cont'd)

754 - DTD Feb. 19; ed: 2/1 - "One of the best speeches ever made on the great international principle which is so eloquently and persistently advocated by Kossuth, is that of our own representative, Mr. Giddings.... "In his reply to the paltry, yet quite old fashionable, prating of certain political petrifactions against 'entangling alliances,' and interference in the affairs of other nations, Mr. G. is overwhelming. He demonstrates that the influence of our Government has been almost constantly exerted upon other nations for the last thirty years and exerted essentially, in just the manner in which the friends of Hungary would now have it exerted in behalf of that country."

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755 - DTD Feb. 20; ed: 2/2 - The scamp who has managed to trick the French out of their freedom has addressed to our kidnapping president an autograph letter "expressing a desire to cultivate friendly relations with the United States." We only wish there was a man, no mouse or mouser, in the presidential chair to return a fit reply to the scamps's missive. (1)

756 - DTD Mar. 24; ed: 2/2 - We found the following in one of our exchanges:

"The owners, master and crew of the whaleship TARQUIN, of Nantucket, which relieved a Brazilian sloop of war in 1816 and towed her into Santoes, have just received about $70,000 indemnity, which the Brazilian Government has paid into the hands of the U. S. government."

"We have called it 'luck' for those islanders; but we are not sure it was not an exaggeration so to call it; for as early as the palmier days of 'Napoleon the Great' some hundreds of thousands of dollars were paid into the hands of the U. S. Government' for the benefit of people living on that same noble little island, and from that day to this, our Government has doggedly refused to pay a single mill of that large sum into the pockets of its owners."

757 - DTD June 24; ed: 2/2 - Great Britain and the United States have
agreed that San Juan de Nicaragua shall be an independent town.
"This is the will of the inhabitants, and we hope will put an end
to the squabbles which have so continually disturbed this region."

758 DTD June 29; ed: 2/1 "Kossuth has delivered no speech which is more weighty, or worthier (sic) the consideration of all parties, than that spoken to the Germans of New York, on their duty as American citizens, in regard to our Foreign Policy.

"Two words will explain the position of the Whigs and Democrats on the record, in reference to 'American Foreign Policy,' Hostility and silence. The Whigs are hostile to the 'declared opinion' of the Germans of New York; the Democrats silent.

"Now, if this hostility be continued, by the former, if their leading papers defend the platform, there is no alternative left to those who

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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1852

Abstracts 759 - 761

FOREIGN RELATIONS (Cont'd)

think as we do, and as the Germans declare themselves, but opposition. Kossuth expresses this though well. There must be 'an authentic interpretation of that silence. '

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"If this is not given, and the platform of each party shall stand, as the creed of both, then the duty of every man who believes that the American nation can and should help on the cause of Euporean Freedom, will be, to vote against both. The naturalized citizens, who should hesitate here, will prove false, to Fatherland and to Liberty!"

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759 - DTD July 21; ed: 2/1,2 Some time before the Baltimore conventions met the Germans of Newark, N. J., held a council and established for themselves a creed. That creed was adopted by large numbers of their countrymen on the seaboard and in the west. Its cardinal principle is: The condition of Europe renders it an imperative necessity that the course of political isolation which has formerly prevailed in these United States must be relinquished and the principle of active sympathy in the international relations of Europe be established.

Hienzen says: I have now in few words shown the character of the Baltimore platform, in so far as it speaks out. Differences with Europe work unfavorably upon cotton trade, and meddling with European slavery might possibly have a retroactive influence upon that in America. From North America may never be expected the slightest official aid to European liberty so long as the rule of slaveholder remains unbroken.

"Had Hienzen aimed to hit the PLAIN DEALER he could not have done it more effectually. This, his paragraph, is a life picture of that sheet. It will do nothing to break the rule of the slaveholder; nothing, do we say? Rather let us declare that it does, and will continue to do all it can to sustain that rule. Hence, we have it 'bullying' European despots, and hence too, the secret of that game of brag which said so much over Kossuth, but which did so little for him.

760 DTD July 21; ed: 2/2 - The Berlin COURIER states: The measures
taken by the British government in regard to American fisheries, will
cause the loss to America of valuable fisheries. Constant collisions
are expected of an exciting character, which may end in destruction of
life, and threaten the peace of the two countries. Three British
vessels of war expected on the North American coasts in July, when
the seizure of American vessels will begin.
"What this means, we don't know.
which will not be arranged."

But we imagine no difficulty exists

761 DTD July 22; ed: 2/2,3 The following is the story of the fishing difficulty between the United States and Great Britain.

The late ministry was opposed on principle to granting of bounties, and consequently refused to give the necessary assent to acts of colonial legislatures granting bounties to fisheries. Thus were matters kept quiet. British colonies complained and insisted upon enforcement of the

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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1852

Abstracts 762 - 763

FOREIGN RELATIONS (Cont'd)

fishery convention of 1818, but these complaints were not heard. The present ministry has made an entire change of policy. Her majesty's ministers are desirous of removing all grounds of complaint on the part of the colonies in consequence of encroachments of the fishing vessels of the United States upon those waters from which they are excluded by the terms of the convention of 1818, and they therefore intend to dispatch as soon as possible a small navel force of steamers to enforce the observance of that convention.

Webster admits that by a strict and rigid construction of the article, fishing vessels of the United States are precluded from entering into the bays and harbors of the British provinces, except for the purpose of shelter etc.

"Yet the action of the British Government, and the opinion of the law officer of the crown, repudiate it. Should the new policy be enforced? Should it be done in this summary manner?"

DTD July 22:2/2,3 - See Slavery

DTD July 24; ed: 2/2 - See Political Campaigns & Elections - U. S.

762 - DTD July 24; ed: 2/3 - "John Bull has put on airs in his abrupt movement about our fisheries, and, the more we look into the matter, the more we dislike it....

"The British Government had conceded the right which it now repels. 'The Bay of Fundy is henceforth open to American Fishermen,' it said in '45. Now it declares, 'that these American Fishermen shall be driven out by force of arms. ' That sounds harsh. It is so. And for one, we would let this Tory ministry know instantly, that these U. S. will submit to no such outrage upon common consistency and common right; and, as a peace measure for the future, the Government should order out a fleet to protect our Fisherman at any cost. If John Bull must be taught a lesson of promptness, let it be done by us. He will not forget it, nor the world should it ever be given.

"We anticipate no war, and no serious difficulty, if our Government shall act with vigor. The fishing will go on without fighting. But if this mad Tory ministry were to continue in power, (we rejoice to say it is beaten) we don't know what the result might be."

763 DTD July 26:2/1 The speeches in the U. S. Senate breathe war.
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It was bellicose spirit that ruled there on the 23rd on the subject

of codfish, and that body had to adjourn until today to have a breathing
spell.

"We don't object. We would not let John Bull point his cannon at our doors without snubbing the jolly old fellow. It is a stretch of power he must never commit again.

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DTD July 26; ed: 2/2 - See Political Campaigns & Elections U. S.

CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1852

Abstracts 764 - 768

FOREIGN RELATIONS (Cont'd)

764 - DTD July 27; ed: 2/1 - "The pot boils. All Yankeedom is in commotion. We like that. The 'Britishers' think our talk all 'gas'. A mistake. When we meet John Bull we know whom we have to meet, and Jon· athan will not dally with him. Depend upon it, we 'Yankees' will submit to no snap judgment, and, for peace's sake this had better be well understood. A mistake, we don't mind..... But bullying at our very doors, we will not stand. The country is resolved. It will protect our Fisherman, and, as soon as John Bull understands that, he will settle the matter."

765

DTD July 28; ed: 2/2 - Daniel Webster spoke at Marshfield recently on the subject of our fisheries.

"Mr. Webster deals in no cold reserve and puts on no diplomatic face. He is decided. He speaks out with directness, and in nervous saxon, which hits the mark."

He said: "The fisherman shall be protected in all their rights of property, and in all their rights of occupation. To use a Marblehead phrase, they shall be protected, 'hook and line, and bob and sinker.' "The British should be made distinctly to understand, that our Government will submit to no such rude insolence and wrong. They are worthy our steel. We know that, and we would deal with them promptly on account of it.

"We would submit to fifty insults from a weak and worn out power like Mexico, when we would resent instantly the first from Great Britain.... The British cannot be easily driven into a conflict with us. If it must be, it will not grow out of the fisheries. Of this we may feel certain."

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766 - DTD July 28; ed: 2/3 - "The (English election) returns in the old country are important just now, and we must look at them, and over them; as closely as if they were of us. True, if the Tories succeed, we may have difficulty, though not war, with Great Britain about the Fisheries. Be this as it may. Election News furnish the only items of interest in the English papers." (14)

767 - DTD July 30; ed: 2/1 - The provincial papers declare that the British ministry meant only to exclude American fishing vessels from bays and inlets which are less than six miles wide. All provincial papers think Jonathan will compromise by taking the fishing and giving the colonies reciprocity of trade.

"Not upon compulsion, sirs! Not though we would have it so arranged."

768 - DTD Aug. 6; ed: 2/2 - All the documents concerning the fisheries question are before Congress.

Two matters have been brought to the front by this whole business. First, the secrecy with which all our public matters are managed, are

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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1852

Abstracts 769 - 772

FOREIGN RELATIONS (Cont'd)

illustrated. The public never, or rarely, gets at the real motives of government. Second, there is said to be a difference of opinion between Webster and the President. Buchanan and Clayton refused to make a treaty with England on the grounds that such a treaty would interfere with the revenue and hence was a matter for Congress alone. Webster held a different view, believing it could be done under the treaty power. He entered upon negotiations with Sir Henry Bulwer to that end. But he failed to convince the President, and hence no treaty was made. The documents sent to the Senate are mainly old; if they have no other effect, we trust they will this, to convince the country of the necessity of making governments deal as openly with each other as business men do.

769 DTD Aug. 7; ed: 2/3 - The telegraph reports only peace and that
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Compton has undertaken to procure a suspension of the order respecting
the fisheries.

"We should doubt this, if it did not come to us from different quar-
ters. It sounds and seems unlikely.... We hope it may be so.
But we
give it as a telegraphic report, which may or may not be true."

770 DTD Aug. 10:2/1 In a letter to the editor, "Yours" of Washington says: "There is an attempt manifested in the Senate, to get up a fuss generally with Great Britain in regard to our fisheries.

"I wish to say to your readers they need borrow no trouble about a war in England....

"It was enough we heard no more bombast, Southern Hotspurs cooled down suddenly, and orders were sent to our Minister to accept this offer of the British Ministry to fix the partition line up to the 49th, parallel of the north latitude. So now the entire right of fishing upon the coast of British Provinces will be surrendered rather than have a war which will endanger Slavery."

771 - DTD Aug. 17; ed: 2/1 - "What now? Com. Perry visits the British Colonies, in a war steamer, and is feasted and feted in glorious style. Surely John Bull isn't after bribing Jonathan? We must watch the old gentlemen. 'He is up to snuff. '

The

"One thing is certain, there will be no fight about codfish. colonists are in the best humor possible, and it is said, the English Government put a construction upon the treaty, which will not sanction their late precipitate action, nor justify Mr. Webster's proclamation. Glad of it. The sooner the fishing trouble is settled the better."

772 DTD Sept. 14; ed: 2/2 - The Haytian plank of the Pittsburgh platform is attracting attention. "Ours is the only nation on earth, possessing a character worth an ordinary newspaper paragraph, that has refused to recognize the independence of Hayti, now of more than half a century's duration; while, perhaps, no other nation has

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