The Development of Scientific Rates for Electricity Supply: Being Reprints of Selected Original Rate Papersprivate circulation, 1915 - 231 páginas |
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Página 14
... unit at the compound and simple rate . The ordinates represent pence and the abscissæ the number of hours per annum the supply is used . It is obvious that those whose use is long will 14 DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC RATES.
... unit at the compound and simple rate . The ordinates represent pence and the abscissæ the number of hours per annum the supply is used . It is obvious that those whose use is long will 14 DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC RATES.
Página 26
... represent the factors employed in these calculations : F = the first group . C = the second group . W = the third group . f = the first division under the fourth group . c = the second division under the fourth group . w = the third ...
... represent the factors employed in these calculations : F = the first group . C = the second group . W = the third group . f = the first division under the fourth group . c = the second division under the fourth group . w = the third ...
Página 36
... represent the total expenditure on these items during one month or period of time when the sale of electricity U is great , and T ' that for another period of preferably the same year when the sale U is much less . Let S be the cost of ...
... represent the total expenditure on these items during one month or period of time when the sale of electricity U is great , and T ' that for another period of preferably the same year when the sale U is much less . Let S be the cost of ...
Página 39
... representing the annual maximum loads and the slight deviations from this line will be found to be roughly proportionally to the monthly sales of electricity . Monthly Sales in Units 150,000 140.000 130,000 120.000 3000 110,000 2750 ...
... representing the annual maximum loads and the slight deviations from this line will be found to be roughly proportionally to the monthly sales of electricity . Monthly Sales in Units 150,000 140.000 130,000 120.000 3000 110,000 2750 ...
Página 60
... represent only the whim of the maker . ARGUMENTS IN FAVOR First - They require less frequent arbitrary reductions in rate than the uni- form meter rate system . Second - Less attention is required than for any of the two - rate systems ...
... represent only the whim of the maker . ARGUMENTS IN FAVOR First - They require less frequent arbitrary reductions in rate than the uni- form meter rate system . Second - Less attention is required than for any of the two - rate systems ...
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Términos y frases comunes
actual alternating current amount ampere-hour applied assume average basis boiler bonds capacity capital central station central-station classes of consumers coal company's compensation competition connected load cost of service cost of supplying customers demand factors depreciation determine direct current diversity factor dividends earnings Edison Illuminating Companies entitled fact factors of production fair return fair value figures fixed charges Gas and Electric high-efficiency lamps increased installation interval investment isolated plants kilowatt kilowatt-hour less light load factor long-hour loss maximum demand Meter Rates number of consumers operating expenses output paid peak present production proportion public utilities question rate of interest rate of profit rate of return rates fixed reasonable profit reasonable rate reasonable return reduced repairs result risks running costs securities sell short-hour standing charges stockholders sumers surplus Tantalum tion Tungsten undertaking unit unreasonable vary Water Company watt-hour
Pasajes populares
Página 166 - What the company is entitled to ask is a fair return upon the value of that which it employs for the public convenience. On the other hand, what the public is entitled to demand is that no more be exacted from it for the use of a public highway than the services rendered by it are reasonably worth.
Página 179 - There is no particular rate of compensation which must in all cases and in all parts of the country be regarded as sufficient for capital invested in business enterprises. Such compensation must depend greatly upon circumstances and locality; among other things, the amount of risk in the business is a most important factor, as well as the locality where the business is conducted and the rate expected and usually realized there upon investments of a somewhat similar nature with regard to the risk...
Página 164 - It was there observed: ,It cannot be said that a corporation is entitled, as of right, and without reference to the interests' of the public, to realize a given per cent upon its capital stock. When the question arises whether the legislature has exceeded its constitutional power in prescribing rates to be charged by a corporation controlling a public highway, stockholders are not the only persons whose rights or interests are to be considered. The rights of the public are not to be ignored.
Página 165 - ... the original cost of construction, the probable earning capacity of the property under particular rates prescribed by statute, and the sum required to meet operating expenses, are all matters for consideration and are to be given such weight as may be just and right in each case.
Página 179 - What the company is entitled to demand, in order that it may have just compensation, is a fair return upon the reasonable value of the property at the time it is being used for the public.
Página 165 - The public cannot properly be subjected to unreasonable rates in order simply that stockholders may earn dividends. The legislature has the authority, In every case where its power has not been restrained by contract, to proceed upon the ground that the public may not rightfully be required to submit to unreasonable exactions for the use of a public highway established and maintained under legislative authority. If a corporation cannot maintain such a highway and earn dividends for stockholders,...
Página 165 - Each case must depend upon its special facts ; and when a court, without assuming itself to prescribe rates, is required to determine whether the rates prescribed by the legislature for a corporation controlling a public highway are, as an entirety, so unjust as to destroy the value of its property for all the purposes for which it was acquired, its duty is to take into consideration the interests both of the public and of the owner of the property, together with all other Opiuion of the Court.
Página 134 - But it should also be remembered that the judiciary ought not to interfere with the collection of rates established under legislative sanction unless they are so plainly and palpably unreasonable as to make their enforcement equivalent to the taking of property for public use without such compensation as under all the circumstances is just both to the owner and to the public...
Página 139 - ... and we concur with the court below in holding that the value of the property is to be determined as of the time when the inquiry is made regarding rates. If the property which legally enters into the consideration of the question of rates has increased in value since it was acquired, the company is entitled to the benefit of such increase.
Página 164 - If a railroad corporation has bonded its property for an amount that exceeds its fair value, or if its capitalization is largely fictitious, it may not impose upon the public the burden of such increased rates as may be required for the purpose of realizing profits upon such excessive valuation or fictitious capitalization...