weigher, it must not be amended or changed, except by permission of the surveyor. The amended return must state why the amendment is made and be checked or signed by the weigher before it is presented to the surveyor for his approval. The original figures will be canceled by cross marks and the amendment added, so as to show both records. When an amendment to a return is allowed, the weigher must correct his dock-book in accordance with the amended return.

ART. 1662. All articles required to be weighed separately, under warehouse permits and general orders, shall be weighed and returned by marks and numbers; and in case there are no numbers on such casks or packages when landed, it shall be the duty of the weigher to number the same, either at or before the time of determining the quantity, and to make return by such numbers. These numbers must be put on with proper marking liquid, and not with chalk, and designated in the return as "weigher's numbers."

ART. 1663. Dutiable sugar in hogsheads, tierces, barrels, or boxes need not be numbered in the absence of original numbers, but if found numbered and permitted by numbers, must be so weighed and returned. The R. S.,2915. weight must be marked in a distinct and durable manner upon the end of each cask or box with a scoring-iron. Tobacco in bales, cases, or ceroons must be weighed separately, and returned by numbers, and the weight distinctly marked thereon.

Should a part of the figures upon packages required to be weighed and returned by number be defaced, others will be used in such manner as to avoid duplication. In such cases higher numbers should be used than those specified in the permit, and be returned as weigher's numbers.

ART. 1664. All articles weighed, if of such size or kind as to be weighed separately, must have the letters U. S. W., with the initial of the weigher's name underneath, and the weight marked on the same, as already directed. When packages of the same mark vary materially in size and weight, they must be weighed and returned separately by their numbers, and if not numbered numbers must be placed thereon by the weigher.

veyors' Regs.,

ART. 1665. Coal and salt will be landed under the super- T. D. 3936; Survision of discharging inspectors. If the inspector can not 115. personally take account of the coal or salt delivered, the weigher is required to designate a competent man to keep

Act July 24, 1397, par. 253,254. R. S., 2919.

the tally, under the supervision of the inspector. At least one tub in every fifty must be accurately weighed, and when weighed care must be taken to have it filled as nearly even full as possible. The inspector will see that uniformity is preserved in delivering the coal or salt. Importations of coal, railroad iron, scrap iron, and other bulky merchandise may be weighed upon either platform or railroad scales, upon application of the importer, when the expense of the weighing shall not be increased. In such cases the weighing shall be done on scales carefully tested, at each weighing, with the United States standard weights. ART. 1666. As soon as all the merchandise is landed, the weigher will procure from the inspector a statement of the number of the sacks, bags, or tubs delivered, and, having satisfied himself that the number so returned by the inspector is correct, will make up his return according to the average ascertained by his weights. The return of coal must show the net weight reduced to tons, hundredweights, quarters, and pounds. The return of salt in bulk must state the net weight in pounds. If in bags or other packages, the gross, tare, and net weight in pounds must be returned.

ART. 1667. From every invoice of railroad iron or steel rails a sufficient number of bars, of equal length, will be weighed in order to ascertain the average weight thereof, the whole number of bars to be counted, and returns of the weight of such iron must be made as of other weighable merchandise; but if the weight, as shown by the return of the weigher, does not vary more than 2 per cent from that stated in the invoice, the entry will be liquidated at the invoice weight. In case a greater variation from invoice weight is shown, the whole quantity embraced therein will be weighed.

ART. 1668. Whenever the entire quantity of iron or steel rails embraced in an invoice is withdrawn for exportation, no weighing need be had, but in case of the withdrawal of less than the entire quantity, the whole amount so with drawn will be weighed.

ART. 1669. For the purpose of estimating the duties on importations of grain, the number of bushels shall be ascertained by weight, and 60 pounds of wheat, 60 pounds of potatoes, 50 pounds of castor beans or seed, 56 pounds of flax, poppy, or other oil seeds, 48 pounds of corn meal, 34 pounds of barley malt, 80 pounds of coal and coal slack or culm, 56 pounds of corn, 56 pounds of rye, 48 pounds of barley, 32 pounds of oats, 60 pounds of pease,

and 48 pounds of buckwheat, avoirdupois weight, shall respectively be estimated as a bushel.

ART. 1670. Whenever a permit or order directs that R. S., 2890. goods be weighed and a special return be made therefor, the weigher will weigh the goods designated, and make a return separate and distinct from any other, without delay. If the merchandise has been shipped before the order to weigh is received by the weigher, he will indorse such fact on the back of the order, and return it to the surveyor. Returns of the weighing of a cargo must be made to the collector and naval officer, within three days after the vessel has been discharged. Certificates or copies of weights will be furnished by the surveyor at ports where there is such an officer; elsewhere, by the collector.

ART. 1671. In all cases where the invoice or entry shall T.D.10385,10503. not contain the weight, quantity, or measure of goods required to be weighed, gauged, or measured, in order to ascertain the duties thereon, or where any good reason shall exist for the belief that the quantity was designedly misstated in the invoice, with the intention of evading the proper amount of duty, then in all such cases the expense of weighing, gauging and measuring must be defrayed by the owner, agent, or consignee.

ART. 1672. When imports are to be weighed, gauged, or measured at the expense of the importer, the particular article on the permit to land will be doubly underscored. In all such cases the officer will state in his return the actual expense incurred in ascertaining such weight or quantity, including the compensation of the weigher, gauger, or measurer for the time employed.

ART. 1673. Weighers will keep an exact account of the time temporary assistant weighers and laborers are employed, and make a weekly pay roll, in duplicate, of such service.

§ 6. GAUGERS.

ART. 1674. Gaugers are assigned to duty by surveyors. They are required to be at the vessel to which they are assigned whenever gaugeable goods are being landed therefrom. They shall inspect and take copies of all permits in the hands of discharging inspectors whenever collectors have, by designating the articles named in the permit, directed the said articles to be gauged, and the gaugers are required to personally perform the gauging, for the correctness of which they will be held responsible. Gauging must take place before sending the goods to general order.

R. S., 2920.

T. D. 9652.

T. D. 6055, 7142.

R. S., 2890.

ART. 1675. Each gauger is required to have his instruments tested and compared with the United States standard at least twice a year, on or as soon after the first of January and of July as possible, and as often as may be necessary to keep the same in conformity with the United States standard.

ART. 1676. The instruments to be used for gauging purposes shall be those known as the callipers and Gunter's scale, or the sliding scale, and a marking or scoring iron must also be used for the purpose of marking or scoring the capacity and outs. On all casks the only fractional part of a gallon expressed shall be one-half a gallon. When necessary, packages containing malt liquors may be gauged for capacity by outside measurements.

The initials of the gauger shall be marked upon the packages gauged.

ART. 1677. Gaugers will be furnished by surveyors with proper blank books, in which they shall daily make a correct entry of the merchandise gauged, specifying the date the gauging was performed. These books must be so kept that they will contain all the specifications necessary to a perfect account of the merchandise gauged. The gauger should first copy the permit or order in the book and proceed, in all cases where the merchandise is required to be gauged by numbers, to enter the number and the capacity and outs of each separate package gauged by him. When it can be done, the numbers should be stated in their order, from lowest to highest; in other cases they will be entered as they are gauged. The gauger must add each column of figures in the book and give the gross capacity and outs and the net gauge of each lot as returned by him. At the end of all the entries the total gross capacities and outs must be recapitulated. The book must be indorsed on the outside with the name of the vessel, the date of filing it in the surveyor's office, and the gauger's signature. In order to facilitate the prompt liquidation of duties, gaugers are required to make a special return to the collector of the quantity in detail of the articles embraced in each permit or order as soon as the same shall have been ascertained. The proper returns having been made, the gauger will, within three days after the vessel is discharged, file the gauging book in the surveyor's office as a public record. A separate book will be kept for the cargo of each vessel.

ART. 1678. When a return has been made by a gauger, it must not be amended nor changed except by permission

of the surveyor.

The amended return must show the amendment and be checked or signed by the gauger before it is presented to the surveyor for his approval. When an amendment to the return is allowed, the gauger must correct his book, without erasure, in accordance with his amended return, and state the cause.

ART. 1679. All articles required to be gauged separately, under warehouse permits and general order, shall be gauged and returned by numbers; and in case there are no numbers on casks or packages when landed, it shall be the duty of the gauger to number the same consecutively and to make return by such numbers. These numbers must be put on with proper marking liquid, not with chalk.

In case the numbers are defaced upon part of a lot of goods required to be gauged by numbers, the new ones put on in the place of those defaced should be such as to avoid duplicates of the same mark. In such cases higher figures should be put on than those specified in the permit, and be returned as gauger's numbers.

ART. 1680. Whenever a permit or order directs that merchandise be gauged and a special return be made therefor, the gauger will make a special return without delay.

Dock books must be rendered to the surveyor and furnished, on request, to the collector or the naval officer for inspection.

Inspection and gauging of spirits and wines.

ART. 1681. Distilled spirits, wines, and malt liquors, imported in pipes, hogsheads, tierces, harrels, casks, or other similar packages, shall be placed in public store or bonded warehouse, and shall not be removed therefrom until the same shall have been inspected, marked, and branded by a customs gauger, and a stamp affixed to each package, indicating the date and particulars of such inspection.

ART. 1682. Stamps, with stubs, for imported liquors, will be supplied in book form. They will be of three kinds and colors, viz, those printed in black for imported R. S., 2885. distilled spirits, those printed in brown for imported wines and malt liquors, and those printed in green for T. D. 11959. reimported American distilled spirits. The blank spaces in such stamps must be filled by inserting the date when issued, and in the case of distilled spirits the name of the importer, or if warehoused the bond number, in lieu of the name of the importer, the port of importation, the