still persisted in remaining mounted, and in keeping in the extreme advance of his command.

At length a minnie ball struck him in the thigh and he fell. His staff gathered about him, and his men of the Irish brigade, with swimming eyes, planted their colors near him, and encircling him, determined to carry him from the field. His wife's brother, the brave young Lieutenant Nugent, was killed in the attempt. The Colonel told them not to "lose the colors of the Irish brigade." Finding his life ebbing, and seeing the foe nearing, came his last command, one made immortal, "Lay me down and save the flag." He died the next day.

The news was flashed to Mrs. Mulligan, at Martinsburg, and she started instantly for the field. Lieut.-General Early gave permission to her and her escort, Lieut. Russell, and ordered that "all officers will render Mrs. Mulligan such assistance as may be in their power in reaching Gen. Mulligan and ministering to his comfort, or in obtaining his body and effects." She was taken to the house of Henry M. Brent, in Winchester, where his remains were brought from Kernstown and seen by her. Mrs Mulligan traveled day and night more than a hundred miles. Procuring a coffin, she brought the remains in the ambulance, which had been her conveyance, to Hancock, and then by rail to Cumberland, and thence to Chicago.

The remains lay in state in Bryan Hall, where they were visited by thousands. At the meeting of the Chicago bar, Hon. I. N. Arnold, representative in Congress, said:

"You will remember how, in 1861, the whole country rang with his gallant defense of Lexington. On the 20th of December the following resolution was adopted unanimously by the House of Representatives:

"Resolved, That the thanks of Congress be presented Col. James A. Mulligan and the officers and soldiers under his command who bravely stood by him, against a greatly superior force, in his heroic defense of Lexington.'

*

* He never complained. Injustice was done him. Honors bravely and fairly earned were withheld, yet uninfluenced by the example of men in high position, he faithfully and patiently performed his duty as a soldier and uttered no word of complaint."

His funeral was one of the most imposing ever seen on the shores of the lake whose voice he so dearly loved. Vast multitudes thronged the streets-the long procession wound its way to the tomb

THE YATES PHALANX.

579

amid the tolling of bells, the slow beat of "funeral drums," and the booming of signal guns. Flags floated at half-mast and each one seemed to repeat the dying hero's last words.

In the cathedral of St. Mary's the requiem of the Solemn High Mass was sung, and the prayer intoned by Dr. Butler, his friend and former chaplain, after which there was an eloquent funeral discourse by Rev. Dr. McMullen. As the procession wound its way the stores were seen draped in mourning. He sleeps the sleep of a brave man! Brave young Nugent! His grave is unknown. He, too, died bravely, nobly.

THE THIRTY-NINTH INFANTRY.

Another regiment of the best class of men compelled to dance attendance upon the War Department, and literally to beg its way into service, was the "Yates Phalanx," or 39th infantry, organized in Chicago. Its officers incurred heavy expense from the law's delay, the tenacity of the red-tape, and not least, the engrossing idea that the "disturbance would soon be put down," and that too many troops would be uneconomical. It failed to secure acceptance under the "six-regiment bill." It retained its primary organization and continued its drill, hoping to have the privilege of fighting under the ten-regiment bill," but that contained provisions fatal to its hope. Only one company could be accepted from Cook county, and the men, sick and tired, disbanded and went home.

The officers believed more men would be wanted, and retained their skeleton organization and forwarded a messenger to knock at Mr. Cameron's door, which he did unsuccessfully. They sent another, Captain O. L. Mann, who was also unsuccessful for a time, but while he was arguing the case, the battle of Bull Run occurred, and the next day the regiment was accepted. The work of recruiting was resumed, and after some difficulty the regiment was mustered in August, 1861, and officered as follows:

Colonel, Austin Light; Lieutenant-Colonel, Thomas O. Osborn; Major, Orrin L. Mann; Adjutant, Frank B. Marshall; Quartermaster, Joseph A. Cutler; Surgeon, Samuel C. Blake; 1st Assistant Surgeon, Charles M. Clark; 2d Assistant Surgeon, William Woodward; Chaplain, Charles S. Macreading.

Co. A-Captain, Sylvester W. Munn; 1st Lieutenant, Joseph W. Richerson; 2d Lieutenant, Leroy A. Baker.

Co. B-Captain, Isaiah W. Wilmerth; 1st Lieutenant, David F Sellards; 2d Lieutenant, James Haldeman.

Co. C-Captain, John Gray; 1st Lieutenant, Wallace Lord; 2d Lieutenant, Simon S. Brucker.

Co. D-Captain, Samuel S. Linton; 1st Lieutenant, Jonathan F. Linton; 2d Lieutenant, Austin Towner.

Co. E-Captain, James H. Hooker; 1st Lieutenant, Lewis Whipple; 2d Lieutenant, Norman C. Warner.

Co. F—Captain, Amasa Kennicott; 1st Lieutenant, John W. McIntosh; 2d Lieutenant, Patrick Seary.

Co. G-Captain, William B. Slaughter; 1st Lieutenant, Oscar F. Rudd; 2d Lieutenant, Amos Savage.

Co. H-Captain, Casper S. F. Dericks; 1st Lieutenant, Charles J. Wilder; 2d Lieutenant, Charles Flickenger.

Co. I-Captain, Hiram M. Phillips; 1st Lieutenant, Emory L. Waller; 2d Lieutenant, Albert W. Fellows.

Co. K-Captain, Joseph Woodruff; 1st Lieutenant, Oscar S. Belcher; 2d Lieutenant, Donald A. Nicholson.

Colonel Light was the unanimous choice of the officers, and proved himself a successful drill officer. Indeed, the rapid improvement of the regiment under his instruction, was observed by all. His previous service in the regular army had given him a practical knowledge of military routine. On the 11th of October the regiment left Chicago for St. Louis, where it reported at Benton Barracks. Here a disappointment came. The regiment was organized as riflemen, and contained many capital marksmen, whose long expected rifles proved to be old muskets, altered from flint to percussion.

On the 27th the Phalanx left Missouri for Williamsport, Md., via Indianapolis, Pittsburg and Harrisburg. At Williamsport the measles broke out in a malignant form, and the first who died was Lieut. Richardson, from Will county.

Amusing scenes occurred there, as everywhere in drilling raw recruits. The 39th had its share of men of quiet mischief. From Captain Slaughter's MSS. lying upon our table, we take one or two

extacts:

"The officer of the day, one morning, instructed the guard respecting the 'courtesies' due the officers. One of them, an inveterate wag, though a good soldier, misconstrued the instructions for his own fun. He waited until the officer approached him, when with a half-roguish, half-innocent look, he dropped a low courtesy.

"What do you mean?' said shoulder-straps.

A COURTESY-THE COLONEL.

581

''

Why, sir, I was told that when an officer came near me, I must kurchey, and so I kurchied.'

"The officer good-naturedly accepted the explanation, and gave the novice further instruction in salutes."

"A son of Erin found himself doing guard-duty one dark night. The officer of the day, making the Grand Rounds, approached him.

"Halt! who comes there ?'

"Grand Rounds.'

"Go to

walk."

wid yer Grand Rounds,' said Pat, and resumed his contemplative

“I had been out of the camp one evening, and was returning, when I was challenged

"Halt! who comes there ?'

"Not having the countersign, I answered, 'A friend.'

"The indignant answer was, 'Well, if y'er a friend, what you standin there for? Why don't you come along in ?'

"Of course this afforded an opportunity to instruct the sentinel in his duty."

Suddenly the regiment was astounded by the abrupt announcement of its Colonel's dismissal from service on some technical ground of former years. He had become greatly beloved and his removal was a sad blow. Lieut.-Colonel Osborn succeeded to the command and became an efficient and most popular officer.

On the 14th of December, the 39th was armed with Springfield rifled muskets, greatly to the delight of the men. On the 17th the regiment moved towards Hancock, via Clear Springs, then into Virginia, where it did guard duty for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and valuable scouting service in the vicinity of Bath.

The last week of January, the 39th had its introduction to the forces of Stonewall Jackson in a sharp skirmish, in which Lieut.Col. Mann narrowly escaped capture, and nine men were captured. The Union forces were compelled to fall back from Bath before the crushing weight of Jackson's columns. A daring handful of the 39th lay in wait at one point, and poured into the advancing column of the foe marching from Bath on Alpine Station, a deadly fire, causing it to fall back in confusion. Another detachment at Great Cacapon gallantly resisted the advance of picked men, and drove them back. The retreat continued to Hancock, where Gen. Lander was in command. Its surrender was declined, and after a fruitless effort to bombard it the enemy raised the siege. To him it was a

fruitless and costly effort. Subsequently, the 39th was stationed at New Creek where sickness raged with terrible fury, the hospital in Cumberland was crowded, and there was fearful suffering.

In February the regiment had the advance in the movement for opening the Baltimore and Ohio R. R. toward Martinsburg. General Lander died. General Banks crossed the Potomac at Harper's Ferry, and General Williams at Williamsport, and the grand advance upon the Shenandoah had begun. The 39th was in the advance of Shields's division, and on the 11th of March passed through Martinsburg, and the next day bivouacked within two miles of Winchester, from which Jackson's forces retired. That wily leader had his own plans, to be developed all too soon.

On the 18th, forward, was again spoken, and the 39th, part of the 2d brigade, advanced toward Strasburg. The rebels still retreated. Strasburg was yielded, and then our troops marched back to Winchester. On the 22d there was active skirmishing, during which General Shields was wounded with a fragment of shell. Shields's division had been left alone in the valley while Banks had moved toward Centerville. Jackson knew this and sought his opportunity, and moved with massed strength, to crush Shields's command. the 23d the battle raged furiously, and night came down upon our brave men holding the field in spite of a greatly superior force. The 39th did important service, but chafed that it did not come directly into the fight. The morning came, the forces of Jackson had retreated. Our forces pursued them to Strasburg.

On

The remainder of that campaign is known; the defeat of Kelley at Front Royal, and the retreat of General Banks down the Shenandoah Valley—a retreat admirably conducted, but yet a retreat. From thence to Suffolk, September 1st, where it remained until January 5, 1863, sharing in skirmishes at Black Water, Zurich and Franklin. January 19th arrived at Newbern, N. C., and on the 25th embarked at Moorehead City on transports, sailing with the Foster expedition against Charleston February 1st, it was landed at Hilton Head, and on the 5th at Helena Island. April 1st it again embarked, and on the 5th landed on Folly Island. Here it witnessed the bombardment of Sumter, and participated in the siege and capture of Morris Island. It participated in the siege of Charleston, and was the first