war! On Wednesday morning, April 9th, the regiment was relieved and returned to the former encampment, but found it stripped of every thing that could be carried away. After three days and nights spent in battle, watching, labor and exposure, hungry, weary and worn out, the 40th returned to learn that it was without clothing or subsistence. Regimental and company books and records were all destroyed or carried off. The regiment went into the action with near four hundred and fifty men. The casualties were forty-four killed, one hundred and sixty-six wounded and four missing. It remained in the original camp, drilling and doing guard and fatigue duty during the reorganization of the army for the advance on Corinth. On the 16th of April, while on division drill, General Sherman in person highly complimented the regiment for its bravery and daring on the 6th of April, in charging the enemy and holding its position with the bayonet against the advancing foe for half an hour after its ammunition was exhausted.

April 29th the column moved forward, the 40th forming a part of McDowell's brigade, which occupied the right of General Sherman's division, which was the extreme right in front. It entered Corinth with the division, May 30th, at 9 o'clock a. M. On the morning of June 2d, a complimentary order from General Sherman was read to the regiment on dress parade, commending it highly for the steady, persevering and cheerful manner in which it had performed the duty assigned it. On the evening of the same day it received marching orders, and moved by way of Corinth and down the Memphis and Charleston Railroad four miles, and bivouacked for two days.

The weather,

June 7th, the regiment moved to Chavialla, when its camp and garrison equipage was ordered to be forwarded. Remained here until June 11th, when it was again ordered forward in the direction of Memphis, on the line of the M. and C. R. R. It arrived at Lagrange, Tenn., June 14th, and rested until the 21st. during this march, was warm, the roads dusty and water scarce. While at Lagrange, and on the march before reaching there, the men thought it an outrage that they were compelled to act as guards for the residences and property of rank secessionists.

A succession of scouting expeditions occupied the month of July. In one of these, Holly Springs, Mississippi, was captured. They

moved in the direction of Memphis, which they reached July 21st, and went into camp at Fort Pickering. Here they were refitted with clothing.

Here Col. Hicks was honorably discharged, on account of disability from his wound, but was reinstated a few months afterward, his commission bearing its former date.

The vacancies in regimental and company offices filled by election, which resulted in the elections of Adjutant R. S. Barnhill, Major, Vice Major Smith resigned May 26th. For company elections see sketch of officers. Wm Elliott of Salem, was duly appointed Surgeon, Vice Dr. Thompson resigned June 3d. James Roy, Sergeant-Major, appointed Adjutant, Vice R. S. Barnhill promoted to Major.

After the elections and appointments, the regiment remained in camp in Fort Pickering four months and four days. It was engaged several weeks as Provost Guard in the city of Memphis. Lieut.Colonel Boothe's health was poor and Major Barnhill commanded the regiment the greater part of the time. The Major was a favor. ite in the regiment. In November, General Sherman began organizing the troops concentrated at Memphis for an active campaign. He moved his column from Memphis, November 26th.

The 40th, was still a part of McDowel's brigade of General Denver's division, and moved with the column under the command of Major Barnhill. Lieutenant-Colonel Boothe remained at Memphis. It crossed the Tallahatchie River at Wyatt's Ferry, December 5, and camped at College Hill, Miss. Here General Denver's division was attached to General McPherson's corps, and General Sherman's command returned to Memphis. Before leaving, the General had the division paraded by regiments, and bade each an affectionate farewell. He again complimented the 40th and their battle-scarred Colonel highly, for their gallantry and faithfulness to duty.

The troops moved onward until the 21st, when news of Van Dorn's raid on Holly Springs, cutting off the supplies, was received, and as a necessity on the morning of the 22d, the column reluctantly retracing its steps, arrived at Holly Springs, December 29. The 40th was immediately assigned to duty as Provost Guards in the village. While here on duty Colonel Hicks and Lieutenant

Colonel Boothe, joined the regiment, January 2d, Colonel Hicks having been restored to his position and rank as Colonel by the Sècretary of War. January 6th the column moved by way of Salem and Springhill to Lagrange and Grand Junction.

January 9th, Colonel Hicks with his regiment and Cheney's Battery were detached from the division at Springhill and sent to relieve the garrison at Davis' Mills, five miles south of Lagrange on the Mississippi Central Railroad. The remaining part of General Denver's division was stationed at Grand Junction and Lagrange. The 40th passed the winter pleasantly at Davis' Mills. LieutenantColonel Boothe resigned and left the regiment January 13th. Adju tant Roy also resigned and left the regiment January 26th. Major Barnhill was detached from the regiment January 13th, and appointed Provost Marshal of the District of Corinth. He was soon promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel, Vice Lieutenant-Colonel Boothe resigned, but did not join the regiment until January 15, 1864. Having no field officer to assist him, the double duty of post and regimental commandant devolved upon Colonel Hicks.

On the 7th of April, the regiment under the command of Brigadier-General Smith started in a southwesterly direction on the Mississippi Central road toward Holly Springs. It proceeded by rail to Coldwater bridge, which was swept away, and thence on foot to Lagrange, which it reached on the 25th and remained in active duty until the 3d of June, when it received marching orders and was on the move toward Memphis. On this march the regiment passed through Moscow, Germantown, White's Station, Helena, Council Bend and Milliken's Bend, and arrived at the mouth of the Yazoo River on the 11th of June. It passed up the Yazoo River and encamped at Snyder's Bluff. Here it was set to work fortifying the extensive range of hills surrounding its encampment, digging rifle-pits along the brow of the hills, and erecting strong earthworks, behind which were planted batteries of artillery. On the 23d of June it marched to Oak Ridge sixteen miles from Vicksburg, and about eight miles from Big Black River. On the fourth of July it set out on the march, camping at night near the "Big Black." It moved early the next morning, but

had proceeded but half a mile when it came on the rebel pickets, who fell back across the river and commenced a spirited skirmish. Two companies of the 40th took their position near the bank of the river, while the enemy was on the opposite bank, and kept up a brisk fire all day. At night Colonel Hicks was ordered with his brigade to force a passage across the river, and drive the enemy into their works. The brigade marched at once to the bank of the river. The only mode of crossing was to wade, but on trial the water was found to be too deep. The enemy prevented their crossing until the following morning, when they went over by means of rafts and canoes, but found the foe had retreated.

The 40th was among the foremost in the advance on Jackson, doing its full share in all the preliminary skirmishing, and in the advance of the whole line on the 14th of July.

After marching into the city on the 17th, the 40th went back to the ground it had previously occupied, and thence toward Vicksburg. On the 24th it arrived within five miles of Big Black River. On the following morning crossed the river at Messinger's Ford, and went into camp about one-half mile beyond, where it remained during the remainder of the summer.

On the 25th of September the 40th, together with nearly all the troops then under Gen. Sherman, received marching orders. About two o'clock on the 28th it moved out on the main road to Vicksburg, and the next day marched through the city. On the 30th it embarked on board the steamer Diana and was off for Memphis, where it arrived on the 10th of October. Thence by a series of marches almost incredible, via Corinth, Iuka, Florence, over the mountain, and on by forced marches to take its share in the battle of Missionary Ridge, which it did most gallantly.

Thence there was another series of marches terminating at Scottsboro, Alabama, December 24th, where the regiment went into winter quarters. On the 1st day of January, 1864, the regiment re-enlisted. At that date its aggregate strength was 443. The aggregate re-enlistments were 345. There are reported during the two years and five months' service-deaths, 261; other casualties, 196; discharged, 17; transferred to other commands, 6; missing in action and desertions, 17.

SKETCHES OF OFFICERS.

325

Colonel Stephen G. Hicks was born in Jackson County, Georgia, and was practicing law in Salem, Ill., when he entered the army and took command of the 40th regiment. He was with the regiment in all its marches, and participated with it in camp life, and at the battle of Shiloh was severely wounded. He remained in hospital for some time, and was taken to his home in Salem, Ill., where he remained until the 18th of July, 1862, when he rejoined the regiment.

On the 25th of October, Col. Hicks received an honorable discharge on account of disability caused by his wound, and he, with great reluctance, took leave of the regiment. He returned to his home but soon applied in person to the War Department to be reinstated, which was done on the 13th of December, 1862, allowing his commission to date back to its first issue. He soon after rejoined the regiment. On the 26th of October, 1863, Col. Hicks received orders to report at Paducah, Ky., where he took command of the post. He was in command of the 2d brigade, 15th army corps, for some time, and ever proved himself an efficient officer, never shrinking from duty, and always serving his country faithfully.

Lieutenant-Colonel James W. Boothe, was born at Huntsville, Alabama, and at the breaking out of the rebellion was a resident of Kinmundy, Marion County, Illinois. He was in command of the regiment during the summer campaign through Tennessee. In the fall of 1862 his health became seriously impaired, in consequence of which he was honorably discharged on the 12th day of January, 1863. He returned to his home but died very suddenly on the 17th of February, 1863.

Major John B. Smith was born in Hamilton county, Illinois, and before entering the army resided on a farm near New Baltimore, Wayne county, Illinois. In the battle of Shiloh he exhibited true bravery, commanding the regiment after Colonel Hicks was wounded. On account of ill health he was compelled to resign about the 20th of May, 1862, when he returned to his home.

Chaplain Richard H. Massey was born in Pike County, Indiana, and was a son of the Rev. James Massey. At the time of his entrance into the army, he was an itinerant minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church.