In summary, the Auburn Dam Committee and the agencies which it represents will be benefited by all the multi-purpose uses of the Auburn Dam-Folsom South Canal project. We urge your committee to recommend the early authorization of this vitally needed project as set forth in the reports before you.

It has been a pleasure to appear before your committee today; and should you have any questions with respect to our organization or our views on the Auburn Dam-Folsom South Canal project, we will be pleased to answer them to the best of our ability, or to secure answers at an early date for you.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Mr. Gianelli, in plain layman's language you are talking about 218,000 cubic feet per second

Mr. GIANELLI. Yes.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas (continuing). The peak that it reached. Now in plain language after you apply arithmetic to that, does that mean 463,000 acre-feet in 24 hours?

Mr. GIANELLI. Yes, it does, Mr. Rogers; that is correct. In other words, 1 cubic foot per second flowing continuously will yield about two acre-feet per day, so you can take the figure of cubic feet per second, and multiply it by two, and that represents the quantity of water you would get over a 24-hour period.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Multiply that by 325, and you would get a thousand gallons.

Mr. GIANELLI. That is right.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. I am not wanting to go that far.

Mr. Aspinall.

Mr. ASPINALL. No questions.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Mr. Skubitz.

Mr. SKUBITZ. No questions.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Mr. Johnson.

Mr. JOHNSON. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

I want to thank Mr. Gianelli as a person here and as a witness. Mr. Gianelli is now a consulting engineer, but worked with the State water resources department for a number of years, and he is probably one of the most knowledgeable men in the area in the field of water use and development.

Mr. Gianelli, the Auburn Dam Committee has been very grateful for your services. I know you are very highly paid by your committee. We certainly appreciated your services as a volunteer because we are in need of a water expert.

I know that the areas that you represent down there in San Joaquin County are very grateful for your ability and your appearance here in their behalf.

I just wanted to point up one thing here: you agree fully with the land pattern in the area as far as surplus crops are concerned? Mr. GIANELLI. Yes.

Mr. JOHNSON. The statement that was made here, there are very few surplus crops grown at the present time, if any.

Mr. GIANELLI. I think that is correct, Mr. Johnson, and I think that would be borne out by the chairman of the two boards of supervisors of the two counties who will appear next. As far as we know, I think there are very, very few, if any, surplus crops.

Mr. JOHNSON. That is all, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Mr. Reinecke?

Mr. REINECKE. No questions.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Thank you very much.

Mr. GIANELLI. Mr. Chairman, before I leave I have a statement by Mr. J. E. Little also of the Auburn Dam Committee from the Foresthill area, and I wonder if that could be made a part of the record of this committee also?

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Yes. What is his capacity?

Mr. GIANELLI. This is a statement of J. E. Little, who is also a member of the Auburn Dam Committee, and it is primarily in connection with the Foresthill Divide area, which is the area Mr. Little is from. Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Is he for this project?

Mr. GIANELLI. Absolutely.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Without objection his statement will be inserted.

(The statement of J. E. Little referred to follows:)

STATEMENT OF J. E. LITTLE, MEMBER OF THE AUBURN DAM COMMITTEE, IN SUPPORT OF H.R. 485, AND COMPANION BILLS, TO AUTHORIZE THE AUBURN-FOLSOM SOUTH UNIT OF THE CENTRAL VALLEY PROJECT

Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, my name is J. E. Little, consulting civil engineer from Foresthill, Calif. I am a member of the Auburn Dam committee and represent the people of the Foresthill Divide; therefore, the remarks in my testimony will be confined to the Foresthill Divide project of the Auburn-Folsom South unit of the Central Valley project. I am presenting with this statement, resolutions from the Foresthill Divide Chamber of Commerce and the Foresthill Public Utility District, with the request that these resolutions be made a part of the record.

FORESTHILL DIVIDE AREA

The Foresthill Divide area has been well described in the report of the Bureau of Reclamation on the Auburn-Folsom South Unit Central Valley project, California. This statement concerns that part of the divide lying within the limits of the proposed Foresthill Divide unit of the project. This area includes the town of Foresthill with a population presently estimated at 1,000, and a total population on the divide estimated at 1,400.

Climate, and the soil which is suitable for irrigated crops, are ideal for the propagation of orchards and many other crops, none of which are under Government support or in excess supply. These include walnuts, chestnuts, filberts, pistachio nuts, apples, grapes, blackberries, blueberries, raspberries, strawberries, and irrigated pasture. Reclamation Bureau reports state that within the area of the proposed project lie 1,340 acres of land suitable for irrigated crops. Irrigable lands westerly and below the proposed project have been variously estimated to be from 5,000 to 15,000 acres. It would seem that the latter figure is more realistic and while this latter area is not presently under consideration in the project, it is well to remember that the potential for future expansion exists.

AREA RESOURCES

Gold mining, which at one time was the principal industry of the area, is no longer of major importance. The economy of the district today is principally supported by the lumber industry. Tributary to Foresthill is one of the finest remaining stands of pine timber in the West. The estimated sustained yield production from this area is 45 million board feet of lumber per year.

Cattle raising is practiced on a limited scale and while no irrigated crops are commercially produced, the agricultural land within the area is an important

resource.

If water were made available for irrigation, the agricultural land would become a far more important resource and its development would serve to round out the economy of the area.

The recreational potential of the area is an important resource. This has been well covered by the report of the National Park Service to the Bureau of Reclamation so I will make no further comment thereon.

PRESENT DEVELOPMENT

There are two lumber operations close to the town of Foresthill which are the backbone of the present economy of the divide. These mills employ approximately 350 men and have an annual payroll estimated at $2 million.

Commercial agriculture within the proposed project area has begun on a nonirrigated basis. In 1956, Prof. E. F. Serr, nationally known pomologist and expert on walnut culture of the agricultural extension service at the University of California at Davis, was commissioned by a Mr. Murphy to make a detailed study of the soil and climate of the Foresthill area. This study indicated ideal conditions for the culture of walnuts. Following this study, Mr. Murphy, Professor Serr, Dr. Sam Talley, retired research chemist of Shell Oil Co., Prof. Ralph Parks of the University of California at Davis; and others acquired property within the project area and started clearing land and planting of walnuts. Water for starting the young trees was supplied by tank truck. About 100 acres have been planted to date. All are doing well and some are now coming into bearing. Some interplanting of apples was done. There are definite plans to progressively increase the orchard plantings by 500 acres. These men figure that unirrigated walnut orchards will, when mature, produce a gross annual yield of $300 per acre, and that American chestnuts, of which they propose to plant an acreage, would produce a gross annual yield of $500 to $800 per acre.

There is one 20-acre apple orchard now in production within the project area.

WATER DEVELOPMENT

In the old days several ditches brought water from the high country to the Foresthill area for gold mining. No storage was provided and the use of water was limited to the months of the year when runoff waters were available. These ditches are completely inoperative today.

The Foresthill Public Utility District bonded itself to the limit and completed a water system in the town of Forest hill. This system cost $215,000 and began water service in 1954 with an initial 140 connections. In October 1963, there were 247 connections.

The water supply of the public utility district depends on springs during the dry season. The Foresthill Public Utility District reservoir of approximately 750,000 gallons capacity provides the only storage in the system. In the 1962-63 fiscal year, the public utility district served to its customers a total of 121 acrefeet of water, of which 17.6 acre-feet went to industrial use. During the dry months of the year there was, as usual, a water shortage, and it was necessary to curtail service to industrial users. No water was available for irrigation. This shortage during summer months is chronic, and in dry years such as 1959-60, it is necessary to curtail service to domestic users as well.

The sawmills have each developed a limited supply from springs which are estimated to produce about 90 acre-feet per year. Definite figures are not available.

Spring sources produce an estimated 34 acre-feet of water per year in the area west of Foresthill outside of the present public utility district boundaries, but within the project area. Definite figures are not available.

There is an additional source of water utilized at Baker Ranch about 3 miles above the Foresthill Public Utility District Reservoir. This supply is fully utilized in that area, therefore, can be of no benefit to the area within the project boundaries. It is probable that the total of all of these sources may, in an average year, produce some 300 acre-feet of usable water.

WATER SUMMARY

Water service in Foresthill is at a starvation level. At present rate of supply of available water, the public utility district cannot take on additional customers and must, through cooperation with domestic users, curtail their supply in order to supply supplemental water to the lumber mills which are the backbone of the local economy.

The lumber mills, even with supplemental water as above, are restricted in their operations and cannot enlarge their production, or plan to make greater utilization of the wood they haul in from the forest, for lack of water.

Each mill is today air drying many millions of feet of lumber which might better be kiln dried. This because water is not available with which to operate the increased dry kiln capacity needed to correct and stabilize the operation.

There is no water for irrigation so irrigated farming cannot be considered. The water rates of the Foresthill Public Utility District are necessarily high due to the small amount of water served. Their income is from two sources taxes and direct water sales. In the fiscal year 1962-63, this income per acrefoot of water sold was as follows:

Income from water sales__.

Income from tax receipts-----

Total__.

Per acre-foot $201. 78

114. 33

316. 11

FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

The future development of Foresthill and the surrounding area depends almost entirely upon the development and availability of adequate supplies of water. The Foresthill Divide unit of the Auburn-Folsom South unit, Central Valley project, would accomplish this.

The Foresthill Public Utility District would then be in position to serve all customers requesting service, and the urban area would grow to accommodate the increase in population which is sure to come with the population explosion which is now evident in the State of California.

The lumber mills in Foresthill would be able to increase their production, produce better dry lumber, and expand their facilities for increased utilization and diversification of their products as is being done in other lumber production centers.

The horticulturists who are planting orchards are of the opinion that under irrigation they could expect to harvest a yield two to four times greater than could be obtained under nonirrigated methods. It would seem that, with water available, the area which the Bureau engineers have estimated to be suitable for irrigated agriculture would soon be utilized.

Some increase in the number of cattle sent to market can be expected if it is practical, considering the water costs involved, to raise irrigated pasture. All of these things will contribute to a well-rounded community development which will increase the production and economy of the county of Placer and add to its assessed valuation. It seems more than likely that if this project were already started, it would not be long before the water production of the proposed project would be fully utilized and studies would be necessary for future enlargement of the system.

The people of the Foresthill area passed their public utility district bond issue with a very heavy majority. They passed the $140 million bond issue for construction of the upper American River project of the Placer County Water Agency with more than 99 percent affirmative vote. They are water conscious. These water-conscious people of Foresthill thank you for your consideration and for the time you have allowed for this presentation.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Mr. Brody.

Mr. BRODY. Mr. Chairman, our next witness is Mr. Henry Kloss, who was chairman of the Board of Supervisors of the County of Sacramento.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Mr. Brody, is Mr. Sorensen here?

Mr. BRODY. No, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Sorensen was planning on being here, but his wife became ill.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. I had not seen him, and I just wondered.
Mr. Kloss.

STATEMENT OF HENRY KLOSS, CHAIRMAN, SACRAMENTO COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS

Mr. KLOSS. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, I appreciate the opportunity to appear before you again. Last year when I appeared here I appeared as a member of the board, and also as a farmer, and I am still a farmer, although this year I happen to be chairman of the board of supervisors of Sacramento County.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. It is good to have you again before us.

Mr. KLOSS. I have a statement of the county of Sacramento to the House of Representatives Interior and Insular Affairs Committee supporting H.R. 485, and other related bills. I would like to file that, please, sir.

Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Without objection this satement of the county of Sacramento will be included in the record the same as if it had been read in full.

Mr. Kloss. I would like to review just a few points in that, sir. Mr. ROGERS of Texas. You may proceed to summarize it, Mr. Kloss, and make whatever other statements you desire.

Mr. KLOSS. Gentlemen, all the works proposed in the AuburnFolsom South unit could be considered directly or indirectly beneficial to the county of Sacramento.

The county's primary interest centers, however, on the direct benefits to be gained from the water supply to be made available by the construction of the Folsom South Canal, the direct water supply and flood control benefits furnished by the County Line Dam and Reservoir, and the direct and indirect water supply, flood control, power supply and recreational benefits from the Auburn Dam and Reservoir, and the Auburn Dam hydroelectric powerplant.

In Sacramento County, the Folsom South Canal will furnish a water supply to an area generally referred to as Folsom South service

area.

In this service area delineated in the Folsom South unit, Central Valley project, California, report prepared by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, regional office, region 2, Sacramento, Calif., and issued in April 1956, contains approximately 198,000 acres. These 198,000 acres are part of a 214,000-acre section of the county which is obtaining the majority of its required water supply from an underlying ground water reservoir; and, gentlemen, I have three generations of experience in my family of lifting water in this area, and I can say that today we are lifting water on our home ranches 98 feet where formerly we lifted it with surface water around 10 feet, so in three generations that I am aware of we dropped that water table at least 88 feet, partly as a result of our efforts to develop these properties.

Now, this 214,000-acre section extends about 25 miles south from the American River to Dry Creek, the Sacramento-San Joaquin County boundary, and lies in a 15-mile-wide strip between the Sierra Nevada foothills and the eastern edge of Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta at elevations ranging from 5 to 175 feet.

Now, I will skip a lot of this, and you can look at it later on. This area originally was devoted to dryland grain production and dryland pasture farming. Large-scale irrigation began as early as 1900, but because of the general soil types in the area, field crops that are generally shallow rooted are the main crops than can be raised. The underlying hardpan limits the crops to irrigated pastures, seed crops, ladino clover, rice, and small grain. At present approximately 65 percent of the irrigated land is planted to irrigated pasture.

Since large-scale irrigation began, the irrigated acreage has increased steadily over the years until the present when there are 69,000 acres under irrigation. The biggest increase was from 1946 until 1953