Thos. Foster Thornton, Buffalo, assignor to George A. Prince and Thomas Stephenson, Buffalo, aloresaid, improved swell for melodeons. Homer Holland, Westfield, Mass, improvement in processes for treating auriferous and argentiferous sulphurets. Dens Howard, Lyonsdale, N. V., water wheel. Joseph Holely, Brooklyn, fluid faucet. Edward G. Hyde, Camptown, N. J., improvement in the construction of ear trumpets. John N. King, Murray, N. Y., improvement in swing bridges. T. J. Kdleberger, Springfield, O., improve ment in cider ini is Gabriel Leverich, Wellsburgh, N. Y., apparatus for paging hooks. William Landsdell, Memphis, improvement in buoyant propellers. George W. La Baw. Jersey City, mitre machine. William Maurer, New-York, improvement in door locks. Thos. S. Minness, Meadville, Penn., improvement in seed planters. enry Mellisb, Walpole, improved shoe for grain mills. Erasmus A. Pond, Rutland, Vt., improvement In pill making machines. Silas S. Putnam, Boston, improvement in forging E. Truman Prentiss, Philadelphia, improvement in lubricating compounds. Henry A. Rosenthal, New-York, improvement in uterine supporters. David Stoddard, Cincinnati, improvement in cut-off valves. Jacob C.-chlongh, Easton, Pa., improvement in grate bars for furnaces. Webster Shibb es, thomaston, Me., assignor to himself and Edward O'Brien, of same place, improvement for ret fing topsails. Isaac M. Singer, New-York, improvement in sewing machines. Daniel W. Shell, Woonsocket, improvement in looms. Alfred B Seymour, Claverack, N. Y., improvement in machines for helically creasing sheet metal pipes. Richard A. Stratton, Philadelphia, improvement in chairs for dentists' use. Chapin Street, Barre Centre, improvement in grain drills. Francis Fitzpatrick, Cincinnati, improvement in straw cutters. J. B. erry, llartford, improvement in pin-stick ing machines. Harvey Webster, and Alonzo Webster, Montpelier, improvement in whifletrees. Win. D. Wilson, Richmond, Va., improved corn grinder and crusher. Milton D Whipple, Charlestown, Mass., improvement in preparing wood for paper pulp. E. D. Williams, Wilmington, Del., improvement in vehicles. Courtland Wilson, and Wm. Moore, Jr, Yardleyville, Pa., improvement in mowing machines. Joseph Welsh, Philadelphia, improvement in loomis. Sigismund Beer, New-York, assigner to Lewis Feuchtwanger and Sigismund Beer, New-York, a oresaid, improvement in de-vulcanizing India Francis Walle, Bethlehem, Pa., machine for making paper bags. Abraham Gesner, Williamsburgh, assignor to "the North American Kerosene Gas Light Co.," improvement in burning fluid compounds. Leander R. Streeter, Lowell, assignor to himself and Ira Leonard, of same place, improvement in amalgamating the precious in tals. James Albro, Elizabethtown, N. J., for improvement in registering blocks for printing oil cloths. Lucien A. Butts, Cuba, N. Y., for improvement in seed planters. Daniel Blocher and Geo. M. Blocher, Cumberland. for improvement in burning brick. Ernest Bahr, Rochester, Ind, for improved ship ventilator. Thomas Champion, Washington, for improvement in feeding water to steam boilers, P. J. Coogan, Charleston, for improved arrangement of drains for sewers. Chas. H. Dana, West-Lebanon, N. H., for improvement in seed-planters. Lewis W. Clover, Louisville, for improvement in washing machines. William H. Degges, Washington, improvement in the soak pits of trick machines. William H. Degges, Washington, for improvement in brick machines. Andrew Dietz and John G. Dunham, Raritan, N. J., for improvement in reaping and mowing machines. Thomas Estiack, of Philadelphia, for improved mode of securing washboards to walls. William Fisher, Philadelphia, for method of composing music. Franklin J. French, Whittingham, Vt., for improvement in boot jacks. Luther Hill, Stoneham, Mass., for improved machine for skiving hoot and shoe counters. M. G. Hubbard, New-York, for improvement in grain and grass harvesters, Lansing E. Hopkins, Brooklyn, for improvement in the process of manufacturing hats. William R. Jackson, Baltimore, for improvement in floating cabins for steam and other vessels. Edwin A. Jeffrey, Corning, N. Y., for doubleacting pump. Harrison Loring, Boston, for improvement in apparatus for bleaching rags. William S. Loughborough, Rochester, for improvement in fastenings for carpets. Samuel J. M-Dougall, Brooklyn, for improvement in hydro-carbon vapor apparatus. Daniel Minthorn, New-York, for improved brace for supporting garments. Silvanus Perkins, Pittsburgh, improvement in wagon wheels. Andrew Rankin, Newark, for improvement in the manufacture of hats. Samuel J. H. Smith, Boston, improved portfolio. George S. G. Spence, Boston, improved furnace for warming buildings. Joseph D. Spiller, Concord, hench rest. Harlon H. Thayer, Sandwich, improvement in machine for kneading clay. O. B. Tomlinson, Athens, Pa., for improvement in the manufacture of ornamental felt cloth. Henry Webster, Beetown, Wis., for improvement in steam-engine regulators. Hiram Wheeler, Boston, improvement in gas regulators, Win. C. Whipple and Wm. C. Bowe, Westville, Ct. for improved melodeon. Wm. Whiteside and John Shin, Philadelphia, for improvement in looms. George W. Zeigler, Tiffin, Ohio, for improvement in boot coupling machines. Wm. Darker, Jr., of West Philadelphia, assignor to J. B. Thompson, Philadelphia, tor improvement in ring-spinning frames. Anthony Pollak, Philadelphia, improvement in wrought-iron beam and girders. Is devoted to Scientific and Practical Agriculture, Manufactures, Mechanics, with Designs of Farm Buildings' Cottages, &c.; the best Cultivation of Fruits and Plants; the proper care of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Hogs, Poultry, Bees, &c. It will point out, also, the true policy to be pursued for the encouragement of American industry, without which there can be no secure foundation for American Independence. It is issued MONTHLY, each number con talning SIXTY-FOUR pages of reading matter, with frequent Illustrations, Engravings, &c., at the following or to the EDITORS OF THE PLOUGH, THE LOOM, AND THE ANVIL, No. 9 Spruce St., New-York. POST THE PLOUGH, THE LOOM, AND THE ANVIL to actual subscribers is chargeable in any part of the United States, when paid quarterly or yearly in advance, at only 12 Cents per Year. WM. WHITE SMITH, of Philadelphia, is our Agent for Pennsylvania. S. D. ALLEN is General Agent for this Journal. HURD'S HAIR RESTORER, FOR PRODUCING HAIR ON BALD HEADS. This Preparation has never failed to produce a new growth of Hair on Bald Heads, when used according to directions. It is designed expressly for the purpose, whereas, nearly, if not all the various preparations advertised for that purpose are, in reality, designed merely for the toilet, and are composed of oils, alcohol, &c., injurious rather than beneficial to the scalp. POQUETANNOCK, Conn., Feb. 9, 1855. "This is to certify that I have been using Hurd's Hair Restorer about three months, and now, where my head was bald, it is covered with a new growth of hair." Capt. GEO. G. BENJAMINS. POQUETANNOCK, Conn., Feb. 14, 1855. "This is to certify that I have been using Hurd's Hair Restorer about three months, and where my head was entirely bald, and had been about twenty years, it is covered with a new growth of hair, at least three inches in length." ALICE ADAMS. The Petersburgh (Va.) Intelligencer says of HURD'S HAIR RESTORER: "This preparation seems to be efficacious for the restoration of the hair upon bald heads. We have seen the testimony of persons well known to us, who have used the compound successfully, thereby corroborating the opinion of its restorative energy." For a Superior Article for the Toilet use HURD'S GOLDEN GLOSS. This preparation is highly perfumed, and gives to the hair a dark, soft, glossy, and lively appearance, which can not be obtained from any other article. It effectually cleanses the scalp, and keeps the head clean and healthy. HURD'S HAIR RESTORER is sold at $1, and HURD'S GOLDEN GLOSS at 25 cents per bottle, by Druggists generally. CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING CO., Proprietors, 293 Broadway, New-York. FAIRBANKS' PLATFORM SCALES, The Acknowledged Standard! VARIOUS MODIFICATIONS, AS RAILROAD SCALES, HAY SCALES AND CATTLE SCALES, WITH IRON LEVERS AND STEEL BEARINGS, FOR FARMERS' USE New-York State Agricultural Society, At the Show of the Society, held at Buffalo, in September last, a Cattle-weighing Machine was erected by Messrs. T. & B. Fairbanks & Co., of St. Johnsbury, Vt. The Scales of Messrs. Fairbanks were selected as most likely to give satisfaction to the exhibitors of fat cattle. The judges appointed on miscellaneous articles awarded the first premium of the Society for the machine which was erected by them,-and the judges on fat cattle, who superintended the weighing of all cattle exhibited, expressed their approbation of the great accuracy of the machine. BENJ. P. JOHNSON. Cor. Secretary. Sold and Warranted by FAIRBANKS & Co., 89 Water Street, New-York. EASTERN TRAVEL. EASTERN RAILROAD.-Trains leave Boston for the East, 7.30, 9, 10.30, 12, and P.M., 2.30, 5, and 5.45. Through to Portland, 7.30 A.M., 12 M., and 5 P. M. From Portland to Boston, leave 5, 10.45 A.M., and 4.20 P. M. The Plough, the Loom, and the Anvil. VOL. VIII. AUGUST, 1855. No. 2. GREAT TELEGRAPH ENTERPRISE. THE sciences are mutual commentators on each other. Every new discovery, in any department, tends to elucidate or correct previously-existing theories in some collateral science. So it is in the practical application of science or mechanics. Every step gained throws increased light over the horizon. The knowledge of forces, projectiles, etc., affects and modifies the forms and methods of promoting locomotion of merchandise and of persons. Improvements in this leads the way to railroads. These opened new trades, and greatly increased the traffic in merchandise already established. The telegraph is invented, and instantaneous communication is opened from the extremes of a continent, dispensing with much of the older forms of correspondence. But this is not the final result. There is no such thing as final result in scientific attainments, or in their practical applications. The next movement is, continents are united, and already there is electric communication between London and the Crimea. Even this is not enough. Now the great ocean must be crossed by these eloquent wires. Man not only says to the ocean, bear up for us our rich freights, and to the winds send them to distant countries, but it now says to the wind we need not your aid in this work. There is a power at our command, wrapt up and asleep in a cask of fresh water, far more serviceable than your fickle breezes. And today he is ready to say, even to the wide and pathless ocean, you can form no barrier to our constant and instantaneous communication with the other side of the flood. We can hear what is hourly transpiring in the old world, notwithstanding the thunder of your mighty roar. You cannot drown the small voice of the telegraph. But we are running wild. We pass at once to the simple narrative of what is done, or is doing, in the great enterprise. For a year past notices have occasionally appeared in the papers of a company formed in this city to carry a telegraph across the ocean. But the project seemed so wild and visionary that few believed it would be seriously attempted. The design was vast and grand, no doubt, but it was impracticable. Many even doubted the existence of such a company. They thought it all a hoax, and others, when assured of the fact, shook their heads and uttered wise remarks on the transparent folly of sinking money to the bottom of the ocean. It was literally throwing it into the sea. We are at length enabled to remove all mystery from the matter, and to state on the best authority what plans have been formed, and how far they are advanced toward accomplishment. A little more than one year ago a few individuals formed the daring project of carrying into execution this dream of science-this scheme which sanguine spirits had hoped for, but few believed possible. Their first step was to obtain a charter from Newfoundland. For this purpose three of their number were dispatched to St. John's, where, after weeks of negotiation with the Government, they succeeded in obtaining from the Province an exclusive charter for fifty years to build a telegraph to or across the island or the waters adjacent thereto or any of its dependencies. As Labrador is one of these, this charter virtually gives them the whole range of the continent. Further to encourage the enterprise, the Government agreed to pay £5000 towards constructing a bridle-path across the islands, which was necessary for the use of the telegraph, and to guarantee the interest on £50,000 for twenty years, and also to give fifty square miles of land, to be selected anywhere on the island--all this on its completion to St. John's, to which were to be added fifty more square miles of land if it should be carried across the Atlantic. They obtained also from Prince Edward's Island an exclusive charter for fifty years. This Province gave 1000 acres of land. At the same time, to sary. complete their right of way, they purchased a charter which had been previously obtained in New-Brunswick, and have since obtained one from Canada, with full liberty to cross their territory at any point that should be necesThey also made a valuable agreement with Prof. Morse for the use of his patents and all renewals. This gentleman, who is the highest authority on the subject in the world, was sanguine of the success of the enterprise, and soon became personally connected with it. The Company was formally organized in May, 1854, by the choice of Peter Cooper, Marshall O. Roberts, Cyrus W. Field, and Chandler White, Esqrs., as Directors. Peter Cooper was chosen President; Moses Taylor, Treasurer, and Professor Morse, Electrician. From these names it will be seen that the business is in the hands of men who, to say the least, are not generally regarded as visionary, but as those who look far ahead and are apt to carry through what they have once begun. The Company immediately commenced operations. They at once purchased the steamer Victoria, and sent her to Newfoundland with an engineer and assistants. A road was to be cut across the whole extent of the island, four hundred miles, through a wilderness seldom trodden by man. In this work about six hundred men were employed the whole of the season. It now appeared that the Government of Newfoundland, while granting a charter most liberal and honorable to themselves, had yet acted wisely for the interests of their own Province. A new spring was given to industry, treasures were found which before were not known to exist. Last summer the Company employed three mineralogists to explore the country, who discovered two mines of coal, one of copper, one of lead, and also quarries of slate and alabaster, and very valuable traces of ship-timber. This will develop rapidly the trade of the island, which before has been confined almost wholly to its fisheries. So far all went well. The work was begun and advancing successfully. Less than a hundred miles of submarine cable were needed to stretch across to Cape Breton, and when this was laid and the line completed to St. John's, there would be direct telegraphic communication east from New-York about twelve hundred miles. This certainly was a long stride toward Europe. But now came the great difficulty. They had reached the rocks of Newfoundland, but there before them was the mighty ocean, raging wildly around those cliffs, as untamed as when Columbus first crossed the sea. To advance into these deep waters was the next and the perilous step. Proposals had |