duce of the estate, of the sales and disposition of that produce, and of the disbursements, which accounts shall be examined by the court, or by such persons as the court shall refer them to, and being found and certified, or reported to be properly and fairly stated, and the articles thereof to be justified by the vouchers, and the report, in case of a reference, being approved and confirmed by the court, shall, with such certificate or confirmation, be entered of record in the book aforesaid: And if any article of such accounts at any time afterwards be excepted to by the ward, or his representative, it shall be incumbent on him to prove or shew the falsity or injustice thereof, unless notice on his behalf shall have been given at the time of passing the accounts, that such article would be excepted to, and a memorandum of that notice shall have been entered on record, or desired to be entered. The court, at any Supplement. time when they shall know or have cause to suspect al security. that the surety of a guardian is failing, may require and compel such guardian to give supplemental security, or if he refuse or neglect to do so, may displace him. A guardian who shall not deliver in such inventory, and render such accounts as aforesaid, shall, by order of the court to which he is amenable, be summoned, and if he remain in default, be compelled to perform his duty, or be displaced; for which purpose the summons, or other process from a county court, may be directed to and shall be executed by the sheriff of any other county wherein the guardian may be found, and every judge or justice of the court sitting therein, at any time during the term or session in which the process ought to have been ordered, if it be not orDisburse dered accordingly, shall be amerced. If the disbursements of the guardian, being suitable to the estate and circumstances of the ward, shall exceed the profits of his estate in any year, the balance, with the allowance of the court, may be debited in the account of a succeeding year; and a balance appearing on the contrary side, may be put out to interest, for the benefit of the ward, upon such security as the court shall approve, or the guardian, if it remain in his hands, shall account for the interest, to be computed from the time his accounts were or ought to have been passed, If any surety for a guardian, by petition to the court before whom they were bound, setting forth, that he apprehends himself

ments.

Counter security.

Estate of

bound to

ward.

6 phan

to be in danger of suffering thereby, shall pray that he may be relieved, the court, after a summons to answer the petition shall have been served upon the guardian, or a copy of such summons shall have been left at the place of his usual abode, shall order him to give counter security, or to deliver the ward's estate into the hands of the surety, or some other, in that case taking sufficient security, or may make such other order for relief of the petitioner as to them shall seem just. The estate of a guardian, not under a specific lien, shall, at gand at, first ter his death, be liable for whatsoever may be due from him on account of his guardianship to his ward before any other debt due from such guardian. Every orphan who hath no estate, or not sufficient for a main- bourd aptenance out of the profits, shall, by order of the court prentices of the county in which he or she resides, be bound apprentice, until the age of twenty-one years, if a boy, or of eighteen years, if a girl, to some master or mistress, who shall covenant to teach the apprentice some art, Covenants in trade, or business, to be particularized in the indenture, as also reading and writing, and if a boy, common arithmetic, including the rule of three, and to pay to him or her three pounds and ten shillings at the expiration of the time. Any guardian may, with the ap- Wards bound probation of that court in which his appointment shall apprentices. be recorded, and not otherwise, bind his ward apprentice to such person, for learning such art or trade, and with such covenants on the part of the master or mistress as the said court shall direct; and any such apprentice, with the like approbation, or any apprentice bound by his father, may, with the approbation of the court of that county in which the father shall reside, after he shall be sixteen years of age, agree to serve until he shall be twenty-four years of age, or any shorter time, and such agreement entered on record shall bind him:

indentures.

II. The court of every county, city. or borough, of apprenti Complaints shall at all times receive the complaints of apprentices. ces, how re. or hired servants, being citizens of any one of the con- dressed. federated states of America, who reside within the jurisdiction of such court, against their masters or mistresses, alledging undeserved or immoderate correction, insufficient allowance of food, raiment, or lodg ing, or want of instruction, and may hear and determine such cases in a summary way, making such or

ders thereupon as in their judgment will relieve the party injured in future, or removing the apprentices, and binding them to other masters or mistresses, when it shall seem necessary; and may also, in the same manner, hear and determine complaints of masters or mistresses against their apprentices, or hired servants, for desertion, without good cause, and may oblige the latter, for loss thereby occasioned, to make retribution, by farther services, after expiration of the times courts of hus. for which they had been bound.

Power of

Richmond,

tings, of Wil- III. And be it further enacted, That the courts of liamsburg, hustings in the cities of Williamsburg and Richmond, Norfolk, and and borough of Norfolk, and all other incorporated other incor- towns, shall have the same power as is hereby given porated to the county courts.

towns.

IV. This act shall commence and be in force from Commence- and after the first day of January, one thousand seven ment of act. hundred and eighty-seven.

From Rev. Bills of 1779, ch. LXI

Directors of

CHAP. LXXXVII.

An act for the restraint, maintenance, and cure of persons not sound in mind.

1. BE it enacted by the General Assembly, That Junatic hos the present directors of the hospital for the reception pital, how to of be appointed persons of unsound minds, and their successors, to be chosen when vacancies happen, by joint ballot of both houses of general assembly, are hereby constituIncorporated. ted a body politic and corporate, to have perpetual continuance, by the name of the directors of the hospital for the maintenance and cure of persons of unsound minds, and by that name may sue and be sued, and may, and shall have and use a common seal; and are enabled to take and hold any estate real and personal, given, or to be given, to the said hospital, or to themselves, for the use thereof, so as the annual revenue or income of such donations exceed not one

Style of corporation.

Lunatics, how removed to hospital.

thousand pounds, any law or statute to the contrary, notwithstanding; and shall and may, so often as it shall be necessary choose a president, to continue in office until his death, resignation, or removal. And Corporate the said directors, or any seven of them, the president powers being one, shall, from time to time, ordain regulations for the government of the said hospital. and appoint a keeper or matron thereof, with nurses and guards, when they shall be necessary, and provide for the accommodation, maintenance, and cure of the patients retaining and to be received therein. By warrant, to be directed to the sheriff, a justice of peace may order to be brought before him any person whose mind, from his own observation, or the information of others, he shall suspect to be unsound, and with two other justices, who, at his request, shall associate with him, shall enquire into the state of such person's mind; and the said justices shall write as well what shall ap pear to themselves as what shall be testified by witnesses, touching the supposed insanity; and if two of them adjudge the party to be such a one as ought to be confined in the hospital, and some friend will not become bound, with surety, to restrain and take proper care of him or her, until the cause for confinement shall cease, the said justices, or two of them, shall order the insane to be removed to the said hospital, and there received, and for that end direct a warrant to the sheriff, and a mittimus to the said keeper, transmitting therewith, to the latter, the examinations of the witnesses, and a relation of such facts as the said justices shall think pertinent to the subject, to be laid before the directors.The said keeper, immediately after the person remov- Proceeding ed shall be delivered to him, the receipt of whom he thereon. shall acknowledge in a writing signed by him, and given to the sheriff, shall inform the president thereof, who shall require his colleagues to meet so soon as may be; and at such meeting, which shall not be unnecessarily delayed, the directors, if having considered the case, they concur in opinion with the justices, shall register the insane as a patient; but they may at any time afterwards deliver him or her to a friend, becoming bound to restrain and take care of him or her, in the same manner as the justices might have done. If the directors differ in opinion from the justices, they shall report the matter to the high court of chancery,

If directors differ in opin

ion from jus tices.

ties. how pro

who shall thereupon award the writ de idiota inquiren« do, directed to the sheriff of that county from whence the person supposed to be insane shall have been removed, and such person shall be put into the custody of the said sheriff, and remain there until the inquisition be taken and returned, and then shall be enlarged or registered, as the said court shall order. The court Infant lana of a county, city, or borough, shall refer it to three ceeded with. justices to examine into the state of mind of an infant, child, or ward, in their county, city, or borough, suggested to such court, by the parent or guardian, to be insane, and upon the report of the said justices, if the suggestion appear to be true, shall order such insane to be removed in the manner before directed, to the hospital, where he or she shall be received and registered. The expence of maintaining, and endeavouring to cure a registered insane, shall be reimbursed out of his estate, if any such there be, and in case of an infant, not an orphan, shall be repaid by the pa rent, if of sufficient ability to support such infant, to be adjudged of and certified by the court of the county where such parent resides, and may be recovered by an action commenced and prosecuted in the names of the directors, who shall account for what shall thus come to their hands. Accounts of expences incurred in execution of this act, as well for repairing the hospital, and other necessary incidental works and services, shall be audited and discharged in the same manner When luna as other public accounts. The directors shall enlarge tics may be discharged. every person confined in the hospital, who shall appear to them to be perfectly cured of insanity, and give Legal settle- such person a certificate thereof. A person registered ment of luna in the hospital shall nevertheless, during the time of his or her confinement there, be deemed an inhabitant of that county in which was his or her legal settlement at the time of his or her removal to the hospital.

tics.

Commence

II. This act shall commence and be in force from ment of act. and after the first day of January, one thousand sever hundred and eighty-seven.