with Chicago industrialists in the latter city. Efforts are being continued by the group to have mid-west manufacturing companies establish plants in the Wilkes-Barre area.

Comment of press and radio on Mr. Fay's choice as "Young Man of the Year" reflects also the community's accord on his selection. The WILKESBARRE RECORD, devoting its leading editorial to Mr. Fay's accomplishments, stated:

"This year's 'Young Man of the Year,' as designated by an impartial committee in behalf of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, is Joseph E. Fay, manager of the State Employment Service in Wilkes-Barre, and Navy Officer, commanding the staff of Battalion 18, U. S. Naval Reserve here.

"He was nominated for the honor on many grounds. Chief among them were his distinctive, undeniably productive endeavors seeking the economic and civic betterment of our community.

"First as manager of the Pittston office of the Pennsylvania Employment Service and then as manager of the Wilkes-Barre office and the Kingston branch, he has done an outstanding job. A large measure of the credit is given him for the construction of the new Naval Reserve Armory in Kingston and its establishment as the U. S. Naval Reserve Training Center.

"Mr. Fay last year was honored for his role in making a success locally of National Employ the Physically Handicapped Week. Last November, he was notified that the Wilkes-Barre Office of the Pennsylvania State Employment Service was the second highest in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the placement on jobs of handicapped workers during the observance. Wilkes-Barre was second only to Philadelphia.

"More than 75 percent of the handicapped placed in local jobs were veterans. Mr. Fay was one of the founders of the Veterans Job Placement Advisory Committee. So far as is known he is the youngest manager of any Employment Service Office in the United States of the same size area. He is a member of The American Legion, Lehigh University Alumni Association, and Northeastern Pennsylvania Chapter of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Among his numerous other community affiliations, he serves with other outstanding and influential local men on the Executive Committee of the Community Council of Social Agencies of Wyoming Valley, and as a member of the Board of Trustees of the Wyoming Valley Community Chest.

"The New Year finds him seeking a suitable location in which to establish a vocational training school for the instruction in diversified trades and crafts of the Valley's unemployed men, the majority of whom are ex-servicemen.

"The award was made to Mr. Fay not because of his official position, but because of the distinguished way in which he has performed his duties in that position and as a citizen and Navy officer."

The Wilkes-Barre TIMES-LEADER EVENING NEWS also editorially expressed pride in the community's "Young Man of the Year:"

"It is particularly gratifying to have a young man in a place of public responsibility selected for the high honor that has been conferred upon Mr. Fay. Down through the years, too many individuals, who have attached themselves to public pay rolls, have been mediocre performers, to put it charitably. It is most reassuring to learn that men of Mr. Fay's calibre, who take their jobs seriously and do not regard themselves as sinecures, are being attracted to government service. This augurs well for the future.

"In his responsible capacity, Mr. Fay has not been content to discharge his routine obligations, exacting as they are. With characteristic zeal, he has applied himself to the assignment with results that speak for themselves. Industry and ability are an unbeatable combination and in the person of Mr. Fay they provide the basis for a stimulating career. The action in designating him as the 'Young Man of the Year' must afford the recipient of the honor no little pleasure, as well as being a surprise. For there can be no greater satisfaction in life than that which stems from recognition by friends and neighbors, usually the severest critics."

That the community activities of the Wilkes-Barre ES Manager reflected credit on and stimulated public confidence in the Employment Service was attested by marked expansion of services under the 6-Point Program.

Field visitors reported that employers of the area were outspokenly impressed by the voluntary and progressive community service rendered by the WilkesBarre local office and its manager. They were encouraged to take ES representatives more and more into their confidence in seeking a solution to employment and other related problems. As a result the local office has expanded the number of its employer

clientele.

Social Affairs established the Shanghai Employment Service in September 1945.

The present staff of the Shanghai Employment Service has thirty-five members, consisting of the director, one Chinese secretary, five heads of the various divisions and the Employment Service Stations, four chief clerks, sixteen clerks, four assistant clerks, and four junior clerks. All the staff members went through careful examination and selection before they were employed. Most of them previously have worked for several years in social service organizations and are well experienced with their work. Most of them are college graduates. Besides staff members, there is an Advisory Committee composed of business and industrial leaders and other prominent individuals.

The organizational set-up of the Shanghai Employ. ment Service is diagramed as follows:

Advisory Committee

Director

I. Placement Section

A. Registration. Registration of available workers or of job openings is a service rendered free of charge. An applicant for a job first obtains the registration form at the Inquiry Office and then fills it out in the registration room. Some members of the staff are always there to give assistance when necessary. The applicant then waits in the waiting-room to be interviewed. The interviewer may test the applicant's aptitudes or competence when occasion calls for testing. The registration of job openings by employers involves much the same procedure minus, of course, the testing part.

The procedure of placement is stated as follows:
For Employees:
For Employers:

Registration Interview Testing Visiting

Selection

Referral

Registration Interview Visiting

Selection

Referral Verification

Accounting Dept.

Extension _Section

The sections of Placement, Guidance, and Extension directly concern the business of the Service. Therefore greater effort has been exerted on these sections, especially the Placement Section. The Employment Service Stations were established for the convenience of applicants who reside far away from the main office. Now let us list a few important items of program service rendered by the Sections of Placement, Extension, and Guidance.

Verification Follow-up

B. Registering of Technicians.-The purpose of registering technicians is to facilitate placement of unemployed technicians in suitable positions so that they can make use of their technique and specialized knowledge to the fullest advantage. In seeking jobs for the applicants, priority is given to the registered technicians. The Service tries its best to find opportunities for them. A list of the registered technicians is compiled and made available to the interested establishments.

C. Placement in Temporary Jobs.-As the title implies, this section recommends temporary jobs to the unemployed, with the purpose of increasing the opportunities for work, and of temporarily solving the liveli hood of the applicants, and also of furnishing em

ployees for temporary jobs. The remuneration for temporary jobs is calculated either on the basis of piecework or on the basis of time. Piecework consists of such tasks as copying a document, knitting a sweater, et cetera. Suitable persons are selected from the registered applicants and recommended for the work. Applicants for temporary work or workers also go through usual procedure. The only difference between short-term and long-term jobs is that one is temporary in nature while the other is permanent.

D. Work Extended by Telephone and Letter.-When suitable persons have been selected from the applicants for jobs, they are recommended to their employers by the simplest and quickest way possible. Either telephone or a letter of recommendation is used, urging the employer to employ the person recommended. In case of no job openings available or no suitable persons for vacancies offered, the Service publishes the information in the local newspapers calling for the talents or opportunities needed.

E. Statistical Studies.-The Service collects information about the applicants for work or workers, clips writings in newspapers and magazines concerning the Employment Service, studies the materials thus gathered, and compiles the data into statistics for analysis and reference. When unemployment is discovered due to political, economical, educational, or social misdirected policies, the Service submits the data to the concerned government authorities for their attention. This step is highly significant.

II. Guidance Section

A. For Further Studies.-This Section is to help students in their choice of schools which they will enter for further studies. Lectures are given in different middle schools with the purpose of helping the

graduating students to have a better and wiser choice of the line they are going to specialize in when they enter college or university.

B. Counseling New Job Owners.-When the unemployed get a job, they usually develop two different attitudes. Some may feel that they are not competent enough for the work, while the others may think the jobs are not good enough for them and consequently they take to it light-heartedly. It is the duty of this Section to give these people some guidance so as to help them work in a proper manner.

C. Help Solving Difficulties.-It is also the duty of this Section to help the applicants to solve the difficulties which may be encountered after they have obtained jobs through this Service. For instance, they may find it difficult to get a guarantor. This Service always tries its best to help them overcome such difficulties.

D. Change of Jobs.-Those who have got jobs through this Service may find their newly obtained jobs, in one way or the other, not suitable for them after a period of trial. This Service investigates and studies the conditions under which they work. If the investigation shows the encountered difficulties can be overcome by some guidance and help, the Service tries its best to persuade the complainant to stay on and improve the situation. Help is also given to change to a more suitable work for the person when the Service finds the case necessary.

III. Extension Section

A. Investigation and Contact.-In a city like Shanghai, which has a population of 5,000,000, it is necessary to investigate before the Service can know what talents the various organs need. During the past year, this Service has conducted investigation into the industrial and commercial enterprises as well as into

the various grades of schools so as to ascertain what talents may be recommended to them. This Service keeps in constant contact with these organs.

B. Publicity. A new undertaking needs publicity. The Employment Service is no exception. This Service has been in close touch with the newspaper managers and news reporters so that information about the Service has been published in the daily papers from time to time. In addition, radio broadcast and lantern slides in cinema houses are also used for publicity.

C. Creation of Opportunities.-This Service has gone a further step in a more positive way by creating or developing opportunities through which the Service can fit in applicants to work.

IV. Employment Service Station

In order to expand our Employment Service and for the convenience of the applicants, this Service has recently established Employment Service Stations at various points of the city. Three such stations already have been established; one is mainly for laborers, one for youth, and the other for the general public.

Progress During the Past Year

I. Placement Work. This Service, during the past year, based its work on the principle of careful examination and selection. Our guiding motto is "We would rather recommend none than to recommend the good-for-nothing." We have paid special attention to knowledge, conduct and ability of the persons recommended so that they may suit the jobs offered by employers. In so doing, we hope to win the public. confidence in the employees.

II. Guidance. In the work of employment service, guidance is as important to placement as the root to the tree. The following table shows the work of guidance by this office during the past year.

IV. Employment Service Stations.-In view of the extensive area of Shanghai, the Employment Service is establishing Employment Service Stations in the various districts in this municipality. During the past year, we have established such employment service stations in the eastern and southern districts, and we are now planning to establish stations in other social service centres. These offices were set up for the convenience of those applying to save them the trouble of coming to our main office in the northern part of the city-North Szechuen Road. All the operations of the main office-placement, guidance and extension are also carried out at these district offices.