"Wayne's Expedition against the Indians." The awards were made to Irma Shupe, Robert Cowden and Wilbur Conover as first, second and third respectively. The one by Miss Shupe was published in the Dayton Daily Journal of May 5th. It is a most scholarly and comprehensive account of that dramatic, dashing campaign by the intrepid Wayne. No campaign in early American history is more thrilling in its character, or more potent in its results. It was really the last campaign of the American Revolution, occurring on Ohio soil, as the first campaign, that of Dunmore in 1774, also took place mainly on Ohio soil. Miss Shupe's narrative has the historic flavor. It could have hardly been better told in the same limitation of space. The standard histories, especially those used in our schools, are woefully deficient in the proper recital or even recognition of the events in the Northwest preliminary to and cotemporaneous with the American Revolution. The Daughters and Sons of the American Revolution in Ohio can engage in no better work than the encouragement of our children to study early Ohio history.

HOMES OF OHIO GOVERNORS.

The Western Christian Advocate, published in Cincinnati, in its number for April 1, last, has an extended and carefully written article by Mrs. Mary McArthur Tuttle on the "Homes of Ohio's Early Governors." Of the sad fated St. Clair, Mrs. Tuttle says:

"It is a strange fact that a log-cabin or house, if so it might be called, away off in the Alleghany Mountains, ‘on the summit of Chestnut Ridge,' should have been the final home from which the gallant St. Clair, Ohio's Territorial Governor, met his last enemy, death. There he had gone to live with a widowed daughter in 1802, and there he spent the remainder of his days. In 1813 the Legislature of Pennsylvania granted him an annuity of $400; but what was four hundred dollars to his restless, dejected mind? Alas, that his claims were recognized by Congress only a short time before his death, which occurred in 1818. A pension of $60 a month, and $2,000 to discharge his claims, must have sounded like a wild dream to his worn-out spirit. His Scotch origin; his University education; his association with the British Army, when with Wolfe at the storming of Quebec and elsewhere he had gained large experience; his Revolutionary distinction at Trenton and Princeton; his presidency of the Continental Congress of 1785; and his appointment by Congress, in 1787, to the governorship of the Territory, naturally led Arthur St. Clair to believe that no such destiny as abject poverty and death in a lone cabin in the Alleghanies, when at the age of eighty-four, would await him. But as early as 1802-3, he had been named out in Ohio, 'an irascible old veteran,' a Federalist, an aristocrat -a man whom the plain people no longer desired to have rule over them."

Mrs Tuttle is a writer of great merit, being a lady of unusual culture and scholarship. Her husband was the late Prof. Herbert Tuttle, the distinguished historical writer and lecturer at Cornell University. With her husband Mrs. Tuttle spent some years abroad and became proficient as a linguist and an artist. She not only writes in a delightful manner, but wields the artist's brush, both in portraiture and landscape, with equal talent and charm. That she is deeply interested in Ohio history is most natural, for she is the granddaughter of Governor Allen Trimble and the great-granddaughter of Captain James Trimble who participated in the battle of Point Pleasant (1774) and was a captain in the Revolutionary War. Mrs. Tuttle is a resident of Hillsboro, Ohio, which was the home of her illustrious grandfather.

FARRAR'S GROUNDHOG SPEECH.

We have been asked for information concerning Captain Farrar's famous groundhog oration. In reply we reprint the following from the pen of a writer in Cambridge, Ohio, who contributed the readable account to a recent daily publication:

Each groundhog day, whether the sun shines or not, brings back to the citizens of Cambridge, Ohio the old story of how "Groundhog” Farrar got his nickname.

Captain William H. Farrar, at one time a leading lawyer in Eastern Ohio, banker, philanthropist and several times Mayor of Cambridge, was sent to the Legislature back in the seventies by the Republicans of Guernsey County. He was expected to make his mark as a law maker, as he had ability and was an eloquent speaker. The following incident, whatever else he said or did while a member of the lower House, gave him newspaper notoriety from one end of the land to the other:

One of the biennial sessions of the Buckeye Legislature, somewhere around 1884-87, was noted for what it did not do. There seemed to be no leader of either party, and, in fact, there seemed to be no laws needed, few changes in the existing laws and the members, both of the Senate and House of Representatives, were equal to the occasion and loafed most of the time.

One day, while the members of the House were sitting around waiting for some one to 'do something' or move the usual adjournment, Captain Farrar arose and said:

"Mr. Speaker, I have a resolution which I wish to offer and I ask as a personal favor from my colleagues that I be allowed to make some remarks before submitting the measure."

The voice from old Guernsey was like a bolt from a clear sky. Weeks had passed without a set speech on any subject and the eagerness of the members to 'hear something' and to finally get to vote on a *10 Vol. XII-3.

measure was expressed by many of them, and the Speaker himself waived any objection.

Captain Farrar began by setting forth the duty of the members of the body. He told of how each man was violating the trust put in him by his own people. He declared that the state of Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, Chase, Ewing, Hayes, Tom Corwin and a hundred other brilliant men was being made ridiculous by the House of Representatives, and the people who sent them to the Statehouse were disgusted. He then gave a history of the state in its territorial days; the settlement at Marietta; the admission of Ohio to the Union in 1803; the part the Buckeye State had taken in national politics and what she had done in the War of the Rebellion. By this time he had spoken almost four hours, and as he sat down he asked leave to continue the following day.

Members approached him after his long speech and asked him what his object was. He only informed them that he would not discuss his speech.

The following day found every member in his seat. The newspapers had printed long accounts of the splendid flow of oratory, and this drew a crowd to the galleries. No one knew what the Guernsey member had up his sleeve, but they felt that something was going to happen. The Captain arose promptly, and, picking up his historical talk of the day before, issued forth such a flow of oratory as had seldom been heard in the Capitol. His eloquence caused profound silence, and there were no interruptions from 'the other side.'

The second day's session was brought to an end and the members were as much at sea as on the previous day. There was eloquence, but no argument. What was Farrar driving at? Were the Supreme Court members to be impeached? Was there treason somewhere? No one knew. There was no question brought up which could call forth a denial from his opponents. There was a great mystery, and no one could fathom it.

That night party leaders were summoned from Cincinnati, from Cleveland, Dayton and Toledo. A delegation from Cambridge was hurried to Columbus to find out what was going to happen. Their representative had talked for two days and had not finished!

The third day found a great crowd in the Assembly Hall. The Senate met and immediately adjourned. The members crowded into the House. The galleries were packed almost to suffocation, and Captain Far

rar arose.

Several long, uninteresting decisions by the Supreme Court were read; long lists of prices of coal, wool, wheat, etc., were read. War stories were told and sketches were given of illustrious Americans. Weakened by the awful strain and so hoarse he could scarcely speak, he stopped for a moment, then, taking his bill from his inside coat pocket, concluded as follows:

"And now, Mr. Speaker, having covered the points I think necessary, I submit, for an immediate vote of the House, a bill which urges that Groundhog Day be set back from February 2d to January 2d, so that we may have an earlier spring."

THE HEROES OF FORT MEIGS.

We cheerfully publish the circular sent out by the "Wives and Daughters of the Boys in Blue," to the soldiers of the United States, and all others interested, in behalf of the laudable purpose of purchasing and preserving the remains of old Fort Meigs and the graves of the hundreds of heroes who fell in its memorable seige. The circular is self-explanatory and is as follows:

SOLDIERS OF THE UNITED STATES The Wives and Daughters of the Boys in Blue, a band of patriotic women of the Maumee Valley, are welding with loving hands a chain, with which to encircle round about, and encompass as with a bulwark of safety, the neglected and unmarked graves of 825 United States soldiers, who laid down their lives for the country which has forgotten them. Every link in this chain of honor will be a soldier's tribute.

Soldiers, if the history of the valor of the heroes of Fort Meigs, and the recital of their wrongs, appeals to you, and you desire to assist in reclaiming the historic battlefield, and in preserving the graves of the soldiers from the desecration which threatens them, send your name and address, your regiment and company, together with 10 cents, to the Society of the Wives and Daughters of the Boys in Blue, Perrysburg, Ohio, and become a member of the Fort Meigs Protective League.

This membership fee, although small, will prove to be the nucleus of a fund which will grow to mammoth proportions, and eventually result in the purchase of the fort, and the erection of a monument to its heroes.

FORT MEIGS: - High above the river, it stands in solemn loneliness, although the picturesque city of Maumee lies but a stone's throw beyond, the beautiful village of Perrysburg a mile to the east, and prosperous Toledo scarce ten miles away. As far as the eye can see, in every direction, over hill, over dale, and along the winding river's course, reaches out scenery of unparalleled magnificence, and from its breezy heights can be discerned the battlefields of Fallen Timbers, Fort Miami, and Fort Industry.

Adown the slope, and binding the brow of the hill, long lines of pitiful indentations mark the resting places of the patient sleepers, patient in awaiting justice - the justice of honored recognition, and undisturbed repose. The fort, through pitying nature, is a gem of beauty in rarest setting; through inhuman ingratitude, cupidity, and neglect, it is a spot over which to mourn.

THE HEROES OF FORT MEIGS-"On Fame's eternal camping ground their silent tents are spread." The United States soldiers who lie in unmarked and neglected graves on the battlefield of Fort Meigs, near Perrysburg, Ohio, served under the command of Gen. William Henry Harrison in the War of 1812-13. Many of them were volunteers from the States. of Ohio, Kentucky, Virginia and Pennsylvania, who, under the sting and horror of Hull's surrender at Detroit, and the terrible massacre at the River Raisin, rushed to the standard, and farmers, mechanics, clerks, students of law and medicine, all fell into line and offered themselves to the Government to serve under the banner of the brave Harrison.

"I do solemnly swear that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the United States of America. That I will serve them honestly and faithfully against all their enemies whomsoever. That I will obey the orders. or the President of the United States, and of the officers appointed over me according to the Rules and Articles of War. So help me God!"

With this oath of service fresh on their lips, without an hour's instruction in their new duties, they hurried away to place themselvesacross the path of a mighty enemy which threatened the life of the Maumee Valley. Truer men never lived. Braver men never rallied to the defense of home and country. They had courage, and fortitude, and perseverance, beyond power of tongue to tell, or pen to portray. They left wives and children, parents and home. They sundered every tie to march hundreds of miles in the dead of winter, through dense and trackless forests, through mud and ice and storm. They braved the horrors of the Black Swamp; they forded swollen and icy streams; they camped on the snow, and sank exhausted to slumber on the frozen ground. They awoke to partake uncomplainingly of a ration of parched corn washed down with a draught of swamp water, and still, with unwavering courage and silent determination, they pushed onward- ever onward, to victory, but alas! for many, to death.

History reveals the heart-rending sequel; how, decoyed into ambush by the wily Tecumseh, 650 of the 800 men under command of the brave Col. Dudley were surrounded by 2,800 enemies led on by the infamous and bloodthirsty Proctor, and, under the very eyes of Gen. Harrison, all powerless to aid them, and within range of his guns on the fort, were inhumanly slaughtered. Subsequent events proved that this was a victory for our soldiers, but a victory that was dearly bought.

THE GOVERNMENT SELLS FORT MEIGS In 1817, four years after the battle, and almost before the blood of the slain had dried on the bosom of the hillside which had received their mangled forms, the Government, all unaware of its terrible act of ingratitude, sold Fort Meigs - sold Fort Meigs, with its battlefield, its fortified grounds, its scenes of valor, and its soldiers' graves. Brave hearts lay stilled beneath the turf whose every beat in life was for home, flag, and country but they were sold.