source of all authority - the sovereign people's will; we declare before God and the world, that not there is justice and right where you protest it to be; we approve what ye blame, we honor what ye calumniate; and defy your ambitious arrogance to dictate, what shall be law and right for humanity.

But Sir: high though be the value of this noble approbation, I am honored with it, it becomes an invaluable benefit to all humanity by these resolutions by which the General Assembly of Ohio, acknowledging the justice of those principles, which it. is my mission to plead in my downtrodden country's namedeclares the mighty and flourishing commonwealth of Ohio resolved to restore the eternal laws of nations to their due sway, too long condemned by arbitrary violence.

It was indeed a sorrowful sight to see, how nations bled, and how freedom withered, between the iron grasp of despots, leagued for universal oppression of all humanity. It was a sorrowful sight to see, that there is no power on earth ready to maintain those eternal laws without which there is no security for whatever (any) nation on earth. It was a sorrowful sight, to see all nations isolating themselves in defense while despots were leagued in offense.

The view has changed: A bright lustre is spreading over the dark sky of humanity. The glorious galaxy of the United States rises with imposing brightness over the horizon of oppressed nations; and the bloody star of despotism, by your very declarations fading in its flame, will soon vanish from the sky like a meteor.

Legislators of Ohio: It may be flattering to ambitious vanity to act the part of an execrated conquerer, but it is a glory unparalleled in history to protect right and freedom on earth.

The time draws near when by the virtue of such a declaration like yours by your sister states, Europe's liberated nations will unite in a mighty choir of Allelujah, thanking God, that His paternal cares have raised the United States to the glorious position of a first born son of freedom on earth.

Washington prophesied that within twenty years, the Republic of the United States will be strong enough to defy any power on earth in a just cause.

The State of Ohio was yet unborn when the wisest of men and the purest of patriots told that prophecy.

And God the Almighty made the prophecy true, by annexing in a predigiously short period more states to the proud constellation of your Republic; and increasing the lustre of every star more powerfully, than Washington could have anticipated in the brightest moments of his patriotic hopes.

There is a destiny in this: And you are conscious of this destiny. My sad heart, though depressed by sickness, is beating with resolution and with hope. Rejoice, oh my nation in thy very woes; wipe off thy tears, and smile amidst thy tortures, like the Dutch hero, De Wytt; there is a providence which rules! Thou wast, oh my nation often the martyr, who by thy blood redeemed the Christian nations on earth: even thy present nameless woes are providential; they were necessary that the Star spangled banner of America should rise over a new Sinai, the mountain of law for all nations; thy sufferings were necessary, that the people of the United States, powerful by their freedom, and free by the principle of national independence, that common right of all humanity, stand up a new Moses, upon the new Sinai and shout out with the thundering voice of its twenty-five millions: "Hear ye despots of the world: Henceforward this shall be law in the sight of the Lord, your God and our God."

"Ye shall not kill nations

"Ye shall not steal their freedom

"And ye shall not covet what your neighbor's is."

Hungary is a Golgotha where my people is nailed to the cross, that America may proclaim that law, to the benefit of all humanity. But the cross is not the emblem of death, it is the sign of resurrection and of bliss.

My nation will rise, it will not lie in its grave longer than the holy number "three," called to resurrection by the eternal principles of the law of nature and of nature's God, which you thus proclaim, and will requite your magnanimity by becoming the cornerstone of national independence on the European conti

nent.

Sir! there are two remarkable coincidences in all these facts. The State of Ohio and myself we have the same age. The very year when your constitution was framed, I was born. My breast has always heaved with intense interest at the name of Ohio; it was like as if something of supreme importance lay hidden for me in that name; to which my future was bound by the very year of my nativity. This day my anticipations are realized.

And the second coincidence is; that the tidings of the present day will just reach Washington City when the Senators of the United States sit down in judgment about the question of international law; and pronounce about your country's foreign policy.

Ohio has given its vote, by the Resolutions I had the honor to hear. And Ohio is one of the brightest stars of the Union. Ohio's vote is the vote of two millions. It will have its constitutional weight in the councils where the delegates of the People's Sovereignty, find their glory in doing the People's will.

Sir; it will be a day of consolation and joy in Hungary, when my bleeding nation reads these resolutions, which I will send to her; they will spread like a lightning over the gloomy land; and my nation unbroken in courage, steady in resolution, firm in confidence will draw still more courage, more resolution, more confidence from them; because it is well aware that the Legislature of Ohio would never pledge a word of which it were not sure, that the people of Ohio, will be in case of need as good as that word.

Sir: I regret that my sickness disables me to express my fervent thanks in a manner more becoming to this assembly's dignity. I beg to be excused for it; but humbly beg you to believe, that my nation forever and I for all my life, will cherish the memory of this benefit with everlasting gratitude.

FORTS MIAMI AND FORT INDUSTRY.

With Mention of Other Forts in and Near the Maumee
River Basin.

BY CHARLES E. SLOCUM, M. D., PH. D., DEFIANCE, OHIO.

There were at least five forts, or stockades of defense, in the "Territory Northwest of the Ohio River" in its earlier history, that were called Fort Miami, namely:

I. The first one was built in November, 1679, by RénéRobert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle by the River St. Joseph of Lake Michigan, on rising ground near its mouth. (Parkman's La Salle and the Discovery of the Great West, page 149.) The builders were few in number, and their work was well advanced after twenty days, so it could not have been much of a fort; but it served its purpose. Evidently it served as a shelter. also, for the Aborigines thereabouts, and the occasional French wanderer through its vicinity, for several years; for Charlevoix wrote "I left yesterday (16th September, 1721,) the Fort of St. Joseph River

2. The second Fort Miami was built by order of the French Governor of Canada in the year 1686 (Harper's Ency. U. S. His., vol ix, page 486. Paris Doc. V, N. Y. Col. Docs., vol. ix, page 569), on the right bank of the River St. Mary, within the limits of the present city of Fort Wayne, Indiana. When visited by M. de Celoron's expedition in September, 1749, the buildings of this fort were small and in poor condition. The stockade timbers were rotten and falling. "Within there were eight houses, or, to speak more correctly, eight miserable huts, which only the desire of making money could render endurable." The twenty-two French occupants were all afflicted with fever. This fort was soon thereafter abandoned. (Jesuit Relations, vol. lxix, page 189.)

3. The third fort of this name was built to replace No. 2. It was located on the left bank of the River St. Joseph of the Maumee, not far above its mouth, "a scant league," say two miles

or less, from No. 2, and also within the present City of Fort Wayne. It was built in 1749-50 by Commandant Raimond who thought it advisable at that time to abandon Fort Miami No. 2 for the more desirable site by the St. Joseph.

Fort Miami No. 3 was surrendered to the British at the time of their conquest of the French in 1760; and its small British garrison was captured by the sympathizers with Pontiac in 1763. It was then abandoned as a military post, but the buildings were occupied by French traders and Aborigines until they were decayed and more desirable ones were obtained.

4. A small body of United States troops in passing along the Ohio River about the year 1790, stopped a short time just below the mouth of the Little Miami River. Their camp, hastily protected by logs as, was usual by soldiers and even families in those days of prowling hostile savages, was called Fort Miami.

5. The strongest of all forts of the name Miami, including the buildings, garrison and equipment, was built by the British in the spring of 1794 about two miles below the lowest rapids and on the left bank of the Maumee River, the site being within the limits of the present Village of Maumee. This was a wide invasion of United States territory by the British for the purpose of opposing General Wayne's advance against the savages themselves directly, or for the better encouragement of the savages in their opposition. This fort was built according to the best military plans of that day with the material at hand; and was surrounded by a broad, deep ditch which was also protected. It was fully equipped with artillery, and its garrison in 1794 numbered several hundred men. General Wayne wisely decided not to attack it; but his reconnoiterings of the fort - "within pistol-shot" distance would have brought disaster upon him had a less conservative and considerate officer than Major Campbell been in command.

According to the terms of the Jay Treaty this Fort Miami was surrendered to United States troops 11th July, 1796, together with Detroit and the other forts wrongfully held by the British in United States territory from the close of the Revolutionary War.