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and to 2 per cent. for January; but to 3 per cent. for March, 5 per cent. for April, 6 per cent. for May, and 3 per cent. for June.

COMPARING CASTLE COLLEGE WITH BABBACOMBE.

The mean temperature was alike at these two stations for February and August; higher at Castle College for March, April, October, November, and December; and lower at Castle College for January, May, June, July, and September; but these differences only equalled 01° or 0.2°, except for November, when it was 0.5°, and for December 0.7°.

The mean daily range was greater at Castle College for January by 0.1°, less at Castle College for all the other months, the greatest differences being for May (1.5°), June (1·4°), July (1·7°), and August (2·3°).

The mean humidity was alike at these two stations for January, October, and December, and greater at Castle College for all the other months, mostly so in March (3 per cent.), April (4 per cent.), May (5 per cent.), and June (3 per cent).

COMPARING CASTLE COLLEGE WITH BITTON.

The mean temperature was lower for all the months at Castle College, the differences varying from 0.2° in December and February, and 04° in March, to 1.2° in August, 1-3° in April, and 1.4° in May.

The mean daily range was less for all the months at Castle College, the least differences being 0.3° for July, 04° for January, and 0.5° for December; the greatest 17° for April and May.

COMPARING CASTLE COLLEGE WITH WOODWAY.

The mean temperature at these two stations was alike for March, was higher at Castle College for February (0·3°) and December (0.5°); lower at Castle College for every other month, by amounts varying from 0.2° for November and 0.3° for January, to 13° for May and 14° for August and September.

The mean daily range was very much less at Castle College for each month, the difference increasing progressively from 2.3° for November to 6·1° for April and May, decreasing thence to November again.

The mean humidity was alike at these two stations for February and August; was greater at Castle College for

March (3 per cent.), April (2 per cent.), May (3 per cent.), and September (1 per cent.), and less at Castle College for January (3 per cent.), July, October, November (2 per cent.), and December (5 per cent.).

COMPARING CASTLE COLLEGE WITH SIDMOUTH.

The mean temperature at these two stations was alike for November, and was higher at Castle College for all the other months, by amounts varying from 0.1° for December and 0.2° for March and September, to 0-8° for June and 0.9° for July. The mean daily range was greater at Castle College for February (0-1), June (0-3), September (0·3°), and July (1·2°); and less at Castle College for March, April, May, August, October, November, and December, by amounts varying from 0.5° for March, May, and November, to 1.8° for April.

The mean humidity at these two stations was alike for June, was greater at Castle College for March (3 per cent.), April (4 per cent.), May (4 per cent.), and December (2 per cent.); and less at Castle College for February (2 per cent.), July (5 per cent.), August (3 per cent.), September (4 per cent.), October (4 per cent.), and November (2 per cent.).

Summarizing then the foregoing observations, and omitting the smaller differences, which are pretty sure to be variable, we find

That in the mean temperature there was no very marked difference between Castle College, Rocombe, and Babbacombe, nor between Castle College and Sidmount; but that this was certainly higher at the Teignmouth stations in particular months.

That the daily range during the largest part of the year was decidedly less at Castle College than at Rocombe, or Babbacombe, or Bitton; the difference being slightest in the winter months, and very markedly less than at Woodway, while at Castle College it was generally less than at Sidmount, though for some months greater.

That in regard to humidity, this was greater at Castle College than at the other stations from March to June, and greater at Sidmount from July to October.

That this was greater at Woodway than at Castle College for the winter months, and that on the whole this was decidedly less at Babbacombe than at any of the other stations.

In the paper read last year I dwelt on the supreme

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importance of shelter from or exposure to certain winds, especially the east wind, in considering the influence of the climate of various localities on the human frame. I would now only bring forward as worthy of remark and enquiry the following points:

1st. The increased humidity at Castle College for the spring months, and that at Sidmount for the later summer and autumn months. Is this a characteristic of the special localities only, or of Torquay proper, and of Sidmouth generally?

2nd. The great difference in mean daily range between the two Teignmouth stations. To what extent, and of what portions of the district, are these severally characteristic?

3rd. The desirability of regarding all these comparisons as comparisons of certain localities in the towns and districts specified rather than of the towns and districts at large, unless subsequent observations shall give them a more general significance. Besides other differences, that of elevation is an important one. Castle College and Sidmount have only 20 feet of difference in altitude; but between Castle College and Babbacombe there is a difference of 127 feet; between Castle College and Rocombe of 234 feet; between Bitton and Castle College of 116 feet; between Bitton and Sidmount of 136 feet; between Bitton and Woodway of 185 feet; between Bitton and Babbacombe of 243 feet.

4th. The need shown for other stations in the localities considered, notably in Torquay, and the palpable need for stations in other localities as well. I do not hesitate to say that of the comparative meteorology of the largest number of the towns and districts of the Devonshire coast (without considering those inland), nay, of their meteorological characteristics at all, nothing scientifically certain is known. Are there not members of this Association who will supply this deficiency?

MEANS OF THE THREE YEARS 1880, 1881, & 1882.

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NOTES ON THE SUBMARINE GEOLOGY OF THE

ENGLISH CHANNEL OFF THE COAST OF

SOUTH DEVON.

PART IV.

BY ARTHUR R. HUNT, M.A., F.L.S., F.G.S.

(Read at Seaton, July, 1885.)

SINCE my last report to this Association, read at Exmouth, on the Submarine Geology of the English Channel, twelve additional specimens of the Channel rocks have come to hand. Of these, eleven are worth notice; the remaining one, being small enough for ship's ballast and a noncrystalline rock, need not occupy our attention.

It has been a matter for my serious consideration since reading my last paper to the Association, whether the present enquiry is worth further prosecution, in view of the expense requisite to the attainment of the facts, and the further expense incurred in their publication. On submitting the case independently to two gentlemen whose decision would carry weight, I was advised by all means to proceed with the enquiry; one of my friends adding the suggestion, that possibly a grant from the Royal Society might be obtained.

My object in making this statement is to justify myself before the Devonshire Association for submitting to the consideration of the members so many papers, whose interest to the majority must be of the very slightest.

I have to record my obligation to Professor Bonney for his valued co-operation in the investigation of the Channel rocks, and for the exceeding promptness with which, notwithstanding the pressure of his work, he supplied me with the requisite microscopical analysis. Had it been otherwise I should have been unable this year to bring before the Association a most remarkable rock trawled in March last,

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