CONTENTS

OF

THE SECOND VOLUME.

CHAPTER XVII.

EFFECTS OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION ON GERMANY.

Secularisation of Church Property-Secret Treaty between France and

Prussia-Treaty of Campo Formio-Congress of Rastadt-Treaty

of Lunéville-General Plan of Indemnity imposed by France and

Russia-The Ecclesiastical States deprived of Independence-Secu-

larisation in Bavaria under Montgelas-Edict of Religious Liberty-

Secularisation in Würtemberg and Baden-Dalberg's Negotiations

for a German Concordat-Attempted Concordat for Bavaria-Papal

Negotiations with Würtemberg-Bonaparte and the Rhenish Con-

federation-Ecclesiastical Commission of 1809-Thugut's Policy in

Austria-Religious Edict of 1788 in Prussia-The Landrecht of 1794

-Good Relations with Rome-The Landrecht and Protestantism—

Mediatising of the Church in Würtemberg.

PAGE 1

CHAPTER XVIII.

THE RESTORATION AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

Principle of Legitimacy-Congress of Vienna and the Church-Restora-

tion of Pius VII.-Revival of Papal Pretensions-Re-establishment

of the Jesuits-Restoration in Spain, Sardinia, Naples, the Papal

States, and Tuscany-France: Clerical Reaction under Louis XVIII.

-Papal Convention of 1817-Failure to revive Concordat of 1517

-Activity of the Parti Prètre-Law of Sacrilege-The Jesuits de-

231004

nounced by Montlosier-Ordinances of 1828 on Education-Unpopu-

larity of the Clergy-Germany: Opposition of Bavaria to a Federal

Concordat-Metternich opposes a Concordat for Austria-Bavarian

Concordat of 1817-Constitutional Act and Edict of Religion-

Protest of Rome-Royal Rescript of Tegernsee-Negotiations of

Prussia with Rome-Niebuhr's Memorial of 1819-Bull De Salute

Animarum-Circumscription Bull for Hanover-Frankfort Con-

ference of South German States-Their Negotiations with Consalvi

-Concordat with the Netherlands-Redistribution of Dioceses in

Switzerland-Germany: Roman Sympathies of Catholic Clergy-

Anti-Febronian Movement-Wessenberg's Attempts at Church

Reform-Romantic and Historic Theories of Catholicism—Ultra-

montane Doctrines of Görres and Droste-Feeble Policy of the

Prussian Government-Catholic Reaction in Silesia-Memorial of

1826-Schimonsky and President Merckel-Ultramontane Progress

in the Netherlands-Catholic Emancipation in England

PAGE 35

CHAPTER XIX.

THE STATE AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH FROM 1830-48.

Effects of the July Revolution-Italy: Insurrection of the Legations—

Memorandum of the Great Powers-Integrity of Papal States

guaranteed-Papal Misgovernment and Priestly Rule-Spain: Pro-

gress of Ultramontanism-Belgium: Revolution of 1830-Union of

Catholics and Liberals-Clerical Ascendency-The Union dissolved

-France: Popular Reaction against the Clergy-Disturbances in

Paris-Timidity of the Government-Anti-Clerical Legislation—

Liberal Catholic Movement-Lamennais and the 'Avenir '-Catho-

licism incompatible with Civil Liberty-Conduct of Education de-

manded by the Clergy-Aggressive Attitude of the Jesuits-

Ireland: the Tithe Grievance-Question of Appropriation-Further

Concessions to Catholics-Germany: Growing Dislike of Ultramon-

tanism-Austria: Ultramontane Progress under Ferdinand I.-Re-

admission of the Jesuits-Mixed Marriages in Hungary-Prussia:

Dispute with Rome respecting Mixed Marriages-The Archbishop

of Cologne and the Government-The Contest repeated in Posen—

Triumph of the Vatican-Germany: Ultramontane Progress in

Bavaria-The 'Holy Coat of Trèves '-German Catholic Movement

under Ronge and Czerski-Switzerland: Contest between Liberals

and Ultramontanes-Catholic League of 1831-The Jesuits invited

to Lucerne War of the Sunderbund-Victory of the Liberals-

Italy: Election of Pius IX.-His Political Reforms-Early Signs

of Ultramontanism

107

CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME.

vii

CHAPTER XX.

THE STATE AND THE PROTESTANT CHURCHES, 1815-48.

Protestant Revival after the French Revolution-Anti-Rationalistic

Movement umder Schleiermacher-Prussia: Church Reforms of

Frederick William III.-'Evangelical Union' of Lutherans and

Reformed Synodal Constitution of the New Church-Introduction

of the 'Agenda'—Clerical Resistance under Schleiermacher-Perse-

cution in Silesia-Presbyterian Constitution in Westphalia and the

Rhine Provinces-General Failure of the Union'- Frederick

William IV.-His Dislike of Monarchical Episcopacy-His Scheme

of Church Organisation-Ordination Formula of Union' Theolo-

gians-Endowment of Evangelical Church-Germany: Evangelical

Union in Nassau-in Rhenish Bavaria-in Baden-in Rhenish Hesse

-Hostility of Catholic Government in Bavaria-The 'Genuflexion

Decree Austria: Persecution of Protestant Zillerthalers in Tyrol

-General Progress of German Protestantism-Theological Parties-

Liberalism and Free-thinking-Switzerland: Mischievous System of

State Domination-Formation of Free Churches-Netherlands: Re-

constitution of the Protestant Church-Free Church in Holland-

France: Ill-treatment of Protestants-Russia: Persecution of

Lutherans in the Baltic Provinces-Great Britain: Removal of Civil

Disabilities from Dissenters-The Tractarian Movement-Early

Phases of Ritualism-Lay Patronage in Scotland-The Veto Act

-Collision between Church and State-Disruption of 1843-Forma-

tion of the Free Church-United States: Separatist Principles of

Church and State
PAGE 168

CHAPTER XXI.

THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN REVOLUTION AND REACTION, 1848-59.

Effects of the February Revolution-Italy: Papal Constitution of 1848

-Pius IX. and the National Movement-His Flight to Gaëta—

Causes of his Failure-Germany: Catholic Movement for Church

Independence-Debate in the Frankfort Assembly-Episcopal De-

mands-The Würzburg Articles-The Bishops' Memorial to the

German Governments-Question of State Interference in the Church

-Constitutions of 1848 and 1850-System of State-guardianship

surrendered-Freedom of the Church in Prussia-Resistance to

Clerical Demands in Bavaria-Conflicts in the Upper Rhenish

Church Province-Ketteler's Appointment to See of Mayence-

Memorial of the Five Bishops-Italy: Restoration of Pius IX. to

Rome-Difficulties of the French Protectorate-Revival of Papal

Misgovernment-France: The Ministry and the President-Napo-

leon's Letter to Colonel Ney-Law of Instruction, 1850-The Coup

d'État Alliance of Cæsarism and the Hierarchy-Ultramontane

Intolerance-Italy: Absolutist Policy of Pius IX. and Antonelli-

Influence of the Jesuits-Dogma of the Immaculate Conception-

Programme of the Civiltà Cattolica-England: Papal Aggression in

1850-The Ecclesiastical Titles Act-Spain: The Concordat of 1851

---Holland: Alliance of Democrats and Ultramontanes-Re-estab-

lishment of the Hierarchy-Apathy of the Liberals-Austria: Im-

perial Patent of March 4, 1849-Episcopal Assembly at Vienna-

Demands of the Bishops-Reports of Count Thun-The Emperor

surrenders to the Hierarchy-Concordat of 1855—Final Overthrow

of Liberalism-Germany (Upper Rhenish Church Province): Con-

cordat with Würtemberg-and with Baden-General Advance of

Catholicism-United States: Growing Political Power of the

Catholic Clergy

PAGE 203

CHAPTER XXII.

THE ITALIAN QUESTION AND THE PAPAL STATES.

Sardinia: Resistance to Papal Aggression-Constitution of 1848-

Abolition of Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction-Civil Marriage Bill-Con-

vent Act-Cavour at the Congress of Paris-Italy: Count Rayne-

val's Report on the Papal States-Napoleon III. and Italian Inde-

pendence-War between France and Austria-The Legations

annexed by Sardinia-The September Convention-Papal Efforts to

retain the Temporal Rule-Napoleon III: denounced by the French

Clergy-His temporising Policy-The Turin Government and the

Pope-Question of the Status quo-Cavour's 'Free Church and Free

State His Overtures rejected by Pius IX. .

269

CHAPTER XXIII.

THE SYLLABUS AND THE VATICAN COUNCIL.

Papal War against Civil Power-Pius IX.'s Alliance with the Jesuits

Their Exaltation of the Papacy-Programme of the Syllabus-

First Proposals of a General Council-Allocution of 1867 to the

Bishops at Rome-The Council convened-Counter-movement in

Germany and France-Address of Coblentz Catholics-Bavaria

consults the Universities-Declaration of German Bishops at Fulda

-Dupanloup's Warning Pastoral-Circular of Prince Hohenlohe-

Passive Attitude of the Governments-Count Bismarck's Instructions

to Count Arnim--Opening of the Council-Papal Restrictions on