From Mille Coquins the coast trends eastward and then SE. to the Straits of Mackinac.

One mile south of Mille Coquins is a small island surrounded by exposed rocks and shoals extending one mile east and west and mile north and south.

One and a half miles SE. from this island is a 7-foot rocky spot.

Between Mille Coquins and Biddle Point shoals extend mile from shore, and east of Biddle Point they reach out from one to 2 miles. An 18-foot detached spot is 2 miles SE. of Biddle Point.

From the latter point to Pointe Epoufette shoals extend one to 11⁄2 miles from shore.

Pelkie Reef is 2 miles WSW. (S. 67° 30′ W.) from Pointe Epoufette. It is mile square with 7 feet of water on it, and mile to the NE. is a small 17-foot spot.

The indentation in the coast on which is the town of Epoufette, is very shoal. East of this the coast is much bolder and can be safely approached tomile.

Five and one-half miles to the southward and eastward of Pointe Epoufette are two small hills close together and near the coast, and abreast of these hills shoals extend one mile from shore for a distance of 11⁄2 miles.

Manitou Paymen Shoal is 4 miles south from this point; it extends mile NE. and SW. and 800 yards NW. and SE., with a least depth of 6 feet.

Buoy.-A red and black horizontal stripe nun buoy marks the SW. point of the above shoal.

The south bluff of Pointe aux Chênes in line with the north side of Gros Cap crosses Paymen shoal.

For 3 miles to the eastward of these hills shoals extend mile from the shore, and from there to Pointe aux Chênes there is deep water

shore.

See Chapter X for further description of this coast.

mile from

CHAPTER VI.

CHICAGO TO PORTS IN GREEN BAY, WISCONSIN.

When 13 (24) miles east from Chicago Pierhead light, steer N. E. (N. 8°26′ E.) 2021 (233) miles to a point 2 (23) miles SSE. (S. 22° 30′ E.) from Pilot Island light, when steer NW. 43 (5) miles until the NW. end of Plum Island bears abeam, when take departure for the different ports in Green Bay. (U. S. Engineers' Chart, No. 33.)

From the north entrance of Sturgeon Bay Canal the west shore of Lake Michigan is indented with numerous bays, and the offlying rocks and shoals increase in number as the entrance to Green Bay is approached. A chain of islands extends across the mouth of Green Bay.

Mud Bay.--To the NE. of Bailey Harbor is another small harbor, Mud Bay. It is very contracted, with a shoal near the center; and, having neither buoys nor lights, is not recommended except for small vessels whose masters are familiar with these waters. From here to North Bay keep mile off shore.

Cana Island is 4 miles NE. of Bailey Harbor entrance. Shoal water extendsmile from the island.

Cana Island Light.-A fixed white light, visible 15% (17) miles, is shown from a conical tower.

To the NW. of Cana light is a hill 13 miles inland.

North Bay. Three miles north of Cana Island is North Bay, a small anchorage, nearly circular, mile in diameter, and sheltered from all except east winds.

Shoals. A sand spit extends ğ mile eastward from the south side of the entrance.

Buoy. The extremity of this spit is marked by a black spar buoy, No. 1. There is a small detached shoal west of this buoy.

A sand spit extends from the north side of the entrancemile. Buoy. The point of this spit is marked by a red spar buoy, No. 2. Shoal water at the head of the bay extends 12 miles from shore. Directions for Entering.-Keep midway between the buoys, which are mile apart, and round-to behind either point, according to the wind. From North Bay to the end of the peninsula there are hills a short distance back from the coast. Wide flats with numerous offlying shoals line the shore.

Rawley Bay. This bay, to the northward of North Bay, affords good anchorage, but numerous shoals make the entrance to it difficult.

Four Foot Shoal lies in the entrance of Rawley Bay, beginning 3 miles NE. from the entrance of North Bay. It extends 2 miles north, with 3 feet of water on the southern and 4 feet on the northern end, with 12 feet in the center.

Buoy.-A red spar buoy marks the SE. end of the shoal.

From the east point of Rawley Bay a shoal extends 14 miles south, with a detached 13-foot spot 11⁄2 miles to the eastward of the extremity of the shoal. Between this detached spot and the shore to the NW. lies a group of very small islands, called Spider Islands, mile off shore, with flats to 14 miles wide extending north along the shore. One mile north of Spider Islands are some exposed rocks mile from shore.

From these islands a chain of detached shoals extends to the NE. 2 miles, with a buoy on the outer shoal. The next to the outer has but 8 feet of water over it.

Outer Shoal. This shoal, 2 miles from the shore, has 14 feet of water on its northern end.

Buoy. The southern end of this shoal is marked by a red nun buoy. Caution. Do not go between this buoy and the shore.

NW. of this buoy shoals extend 1 miles from the mainland, and include Gravel Island, one mile from shore and 2 miles NW. of the buoy. One mile north from the buoy is a 17-foot spot.

Pilot Island (Porte des Morts).—This small island, with a light and fog signal, is 4 miles N. by E. from the outer shoal buoy (red nun), with shoals extending mile east, west, and south.

Pilot Island Light (Porte des Morts) is a fixed white light, varied by a white flash every 15 seconds, visible 114 (13) miles. It is shown from a square tower on a yellow dwelling on Pilot Island.

Fog Signal. A steam whistle sounds blasts of 5 seconds duration with silent intervals of 30 seconds.

Nine Foot Shoal.—Three-fourths mile off shore and 2 miles WSW. (S. 67° 30′ W.) from Pilot Island lies a 9-foot shoal by mile in

extent.

Buoy.-A black nun buoy marks the SE. end of the 9-foot shoal.
Five-eighths mile N. E. (N. 8° 26' E.) from this buoy is a 17-foot

spot.

Plum Island.—A small island & mile square forms the NW. end of Porte des Morts Channel and can be safely approached to mile except on the northern side, where shoals extend for mile.

Buoy.-A black spar buoy marks the NE. end of the shoal extending north from Plum Island. It can be passed close-to to the northward, otherwise it should be given a berth of at least mile.

3286- -4

Daymark. On the SW. end of Plum Island is the ruin of an old lighthouse.

The coast of the mainland to the SW. is steep-to and can be safely approached.

ISLANDS AT THE MOUTH OF GREEN BAY.

Detroit Island.-This long, narrow island, lying to the southward of Washington Island, is practically part of it, as very shoal water connects the two. A harbor for small vessels can be found by rounding the north end of Detroit Island.

Shoals. From the southern end of Detroit Island shoals extend & mile to the SE., with 6 feet of water and rocks awash mile from shore.

On the SW. side of Detroit Island the flats and detached shoals extend mile from shore, the northwestern shoal with 10 feet of water over it being marked by a buoy. Near the SW. end of the island are two islets mile off shore.

Buoy. The SW. point of the northwestern shoal is marked by a red spar buoy.

Detroit Island Passage.—This passage to the northward of Pilot and Plum islands can be used with great care, avoiding the shoals off Detroit and Plum islands. It is frequently used as an anchorage during easterly gales.

In running this passage a mid-channel course from between Pilot Island and the SW. point of Detroit Island to the southward of the buoy, closeto, will carry through.

Washington Island, 3 miles from the mainland and extending 6 miles north and south by 5 miles east and west, is connected by shoals with Detroit Island on the south. Hog Island, a very small island, lies to the eastward and Rock Island to the northeast.

Shoals. Off the SE. end of Washington Island the shoal water does not reach more than mile from shore until near Hog Island, with the single exception of a small detached shoal mile off shore.

Near Hog Island shoal water extends 13 miles from the shore, extending to the northward and eastward, and from there to the SE. point of Rock Island 5 feet of water is found in several places mile from shore.

Offlying Reefs.-Three and one-half miles E. by N. (N. 78° 45′ E.) from Hog Island is a rocky 3-foot shoal extending 1 miles north and south and mile east and west.

Two miles NNE. from this reef and 24 miles SE. by E. & E. (S. 64° 41' E.) from the SE. point of Rock Island is another reef just awash, (Fisherman's reef).

The coast of Rock and Washington islands to the SW. is steep-to and can be safely approached to mile excepting Jackson Harbor.

Washington Harbor on the NW. side of Washington Island is a good harbor except in northerly gales.

On the SW. coast of Washington Island 13 miles from the SW. end is, an indentation with shoals and offlying islands.

Shoal.—A 9-foot shoal with a 15-foot spot mile NNE. of it lies 2ğ (3) miles NE. by E. ≥ E. (N. 61° 53′ E.) from Rock Island light. It is of small extent with deep water close-to.

Buoy. A red can buoy marks the SW. end of the shoal.

St. Martin Island.—The south part of this island is.43 (42) miles NE. from Pottawatomie light. It extends 2 miles north and south and 14 miles east and west.

Shoals extend off the southern end one mile with 4 to 8 feet of water over them. The remaining sides of the island are steep-to and can be safely approached to

mile.

Gull Island.-East 2 (24) miles from the north end of St. Martin Island are Gull Island and Little Gull Island connected by a shoal with a least depth of 3 feet.

Gravelly Island is a mile N. by W. (N. 11° 15′ W.) from Gull Island. It is surrounded by shoal water.

A passage should not be attempted between Gravelly Island and Gull Island.

Gravelly Island Shoal is 13 miles north of Gravelly Island. It is a rock with 16 feet of water on it.

Buoy. A black can buoy marks the rock,

Between the buoy and the island is a 13-foot spot.

Poverty Island lies 3 miles east of Gravelly Island and one mile SW. of Summer Island. It is mile long north and south by mile wide with a hill on the western side.

Shoal. Shoal water extends mile SW. and mile SE., east and NE. The NW. and west sides are steep-to.

Poverty Island Light.-A flashing red light every 15 seconds, visible 14 (163) miles, is shown from a conical tower connected with a white dwelling on the south end of Poverty Island..

Fog Signal.—A steam whistle sounds a blast of 5 seconds duration followed by a silent interval of 45 seconds, then a blast of 3 seconds duration followed by a silent interval of 10 seconds.

Poverty Island Shoal lies NW. † W. (N. 47° 49′ W.) 23 (22) miles from Poverty Island light with 14 feet of water over it.

Buoy. It is marked by a red nun buoy.

This buoy,mile south of the shoal, marks a narrow ledge of rocks with 23 feet of water over them extending about 500 yards S. by E. from the buoy. There may be less water in spots over this ledge, and caution is necessary with deeply laden vessels.