In connection with these figures concerning production, the following statement relative to unmined anthracite coal and the possible exhaustion of the producing regions is of interest.

According to the estimates of the Pennsylvania geological survey, the amount of workable anthracite coal originally in the ground was 19,500,000,000 tons. The production to the close of 1901, as previously stated, amounted to 1,350,000,000 long tons, which would indicate that there remained still available a total of 18,150,000,000 tons. Unfortunately, however, for every ton of coal mined and marketed 1 tons, approximately, are either wasted or left in the ground as pillars for the protection of the workings, so that the actual yield of the beds is only about 40 per cent of the contents. Upon this basis the exhaustion to date has amounted to 3,375,000,000 tons. Deducting this from the original deposits, the amount of anthracite remaining in the ground at the close of 1901 is found to be, approximately, 16,125,000,000. Upon the basis of 40 per cent recovery, this would yield 6,450,000,000 long tons. The total production in 1901 was 60,242,560 long tons. If this rate of production were to continue steadily, the fields would become exhausted in just about one hundred years. (Bulletin 46, May, 1903, Department of Labor, Report of Anthracite Coal Strike Commission, p. 447.)

The following figures indicate the markets and the destinations to which the anthracite coal was transported during the year ended June 30, 1912:

Includes Erie Railroad tonnage.

Including coal for local consumption at Jersey City, Hoboken, Newark, Philadelphia, and all other points adjacent to tidewater as well as all other local points.

The total tonnage shipped differs from the total tonnage shown in other tables because of shipments to and from storage.

The tonnage of anthracite coal shipped in each month of the past five years was as follows:

The following tables show the distribution, by sizes, of anthracite coal which was transported by the respondents during the year ended June 30, 1912, to points shown below:

The following table shows the origin and distribution, by sizes, of anthracite coal which was transported by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company and the Northern Central Railway Company to several important destinations during the 11 months, April 1, 1913, to March 1, 1914:

The anthracite coal deposits are situated in a mountainous region of Pennsylvania, where heavy grades are encountered in supplying the collieries with empty cars and transporting the coal from the collieries. To market anthracite coal requires a haul of approximately but 125 to 200 miles to reach New York harbor, 410 miles to reach Boston, and the most densely populated section of the New England states, 110 miles to reach Philadelphia and its populous surrounding district, 190 miles to reach Baltimore, 300 miles to reach Buffalo and Rochester and their lake lines of transportation, and 290 miles to reach Pittsburgh and its large industrial district.

Cars are loaded directly from the breakers by passing the coal through chutes. The loaded cars are then hauled by drill engines from the mine sidings and lateral branches of the railway to assembly or concentration points and to classification yards, where they are assembled into trains for the road movement. The principal assembly or concentration points are as follows:

On the Central Railroad of New Jersey: Ashley, Hauto, Nesquehoning, and Mauch Chunk.

On the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R.: Hampton (Scranton), Taylor, Cayuga, and Nay Aug Yards.

On the Philadelphia & Reading Railway: Shamokin, St. Clair, Mahanoy Plane, Tamaqua, and Cressona.

On the Delaware & Hudson Company: Carbondale is the principal concentration point, but drill engines also assemble coal at yards located at Olyphant, Green Ridge, South Scranton, Yatesville, Hudson, Plymouth, Minooka, and Buttonwood Yards. On the Erie Railroad: Forest City, Dunmore, Jessup Junction, Avoca, and West Hawley.

On the Wilkes-Barre & Eastern Railroad: Hillside Junction and Suscon.

On the Lehigh Valley Railroad: Coxton and Port Bowkley in the Wyoming district, and at Delano, Boston Siding, Hazleton Yard, Beaver Brook Siding, Beaver Meadow Siding, Ebervale Siding, and North Ashmore in the Mahanoy and Hazleton districts.

On the New York, Ontario & Western Railway: Mayfield Yard and Forest City. On the Pennsylvania Railroad: Honey Pot Scales in the Wyoming district, Mount Carbon in the Pottsville district, and Northumberland in the Schuylkill district. On the Northern Central Railway: Weigh scales near Shamokin and Lykens. 35 I. C. C.

Statement showing interlocking directors of the 11 initial anthracite carriers.

Number of directors of each of the initial anthracite carriers as of June 30, 1913.

Statement showing directors and officials of carriers who also are directors and officials of affiliated coal companies.