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PAR. 2. To prevent the insular government, or any provincial or municipal government, or any public official from freely exercising its or his duties or the due execution of any judicial or administrative order.

nor more than one year, or be punished by both such fine and imprisonment.

SEC. 5398. Every person who knowingly and willfully obstructs, resists, or opposes any officer of the United States in serving or attempting to serve or execute any mesne process or warrant, or any rule or order of any court of the United States, or any other legal or judicial writ or process, or assaults, beats, or wounds any officer or other person duly authorized in serving or executing any writ, rule, order, process, or warrant, shall be imprisoned not more than twelve months, and fined not more than three hundred dollars.

SEC. 5399. Every person who corruptly, or by threats or force, endeavors to influence, intimidate, or impede any witness or officer in any court of the United States in the discharge of his duty, or corruptly, or by threats or force, obstructs or impedes, or endeavors to obstruct or impede, the due administration of justice therein, shall be punished by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment not more than three months, or both.

SEC. 5407. If two or more persons in any State or Territory conspire for the purpose of impeding, hindering, obstructing, or defeating in any manner the due course of justice in any State or Territory, with intent to deny to any citizen the equal protection of the laws, or to injure him or his property for lawfully enforcing, or attempting to enforce, the right of any person, or class of persons, to the equal protection of the laws, each of such persons shall be punished by a fine of not less than five hundred nor more than five thousand dollars, or by imprisonment with or without hard labor, not less than six months nor more than six

PAR. 3. To inflict any act of hate or revenge upon the person or property of any official or agent of the insular government or of a provincial or municipal government.

PAR. 4. To inflict, with a political or social object, any act of hate or revenge upon individuals or upon any class of individuals in the islands.

PAR. 5. To despoil, with a political or social object, any class of persons, natural or artificial, a municipality, a province, or the insular government or the Government of the United States, or any part of its property.

years, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

SEC. 5518. If two or more persons in any State or Territory conspire to prevent, by force, intimidation, or threat, any person from accepting or holding any office, trust, or place of confidence under the United States, or from discharging any duties thereof; or to induce by like means any officer of the United States to leave any State, district, or place where his duties as an officer are required to be performed, or to injure him in his person or property on account of his lawful discharge of the duties of his office, or while engaged in the lawful discharge thereof, or to injure his property so as to molest, interrupt, hinder, or impede him in the discharge of his official duties, each of such persons shall be punished by a fine of not less than five hundred nor more than five thousand dollars, or by imprisonment, with or without hard labor, not less than six months nor more than six years, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

SEC. 5508. If two or more persons conspire to injure, oppress, threaten, or intimidate any citizen in the free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege secured to him by the Constitution or laws of the United States, or because of his having so exercised the same; or if two or more persons go in disguise on the highway, or on the premises of another, with intent to prevent or hinder his free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege so secured, they shall be fined not more than five thousand dollars and imprisoned not more than ten years; and shall, moreover, be thereafter ineligible to any office, or place of honor, profit, or trust created by the Constitution or laws of the United States.

SEC. 6. Any person guilty of sedition as defined in section 5 hereof shall be punished by a fine of not exceeding five thousand dollars and by imprisonment not exceeding ten years, or both.

(Sections 5 and 6 of the act of the Philippine Commission No. 292 are reenactments, with modified penalties, of articles 236 and 237 of the reform penal code of Spain, in force in the Philippines at the time of the transfer of sovereignty. Said articles of the Spanish code are as follows:

"ART. 236. Those who shall rise publicly and tumultuously in order to attain by force or outside of legal methods any of the following objects are guilty of sedition:

"1. To prevent the promulgation or execution of laws, or the free holding of popular elections in any province, circumscription, or electoral district.

"2. To prevent any authority, corporation, official, or public officer from freely exercising his duties or the execution of his official or administrative orders.

"3. To wreak any deed of hate or revenge upon the person or property of any authority or its agents.

SEC. 5519. If two or more persons in any State or Territory conspire, or go in disguise on the highway or on the premises of another, for the purpose of depriving, either directly or indirectly, any person or class of persons of the equal protection of the laws, or of equal privileges and immunities under the laws; or for the purpose of preventing or hindering the constituted authorities of any State or Territory from giving or securing to all persons within such State or Territory the equal protection of the laws; each of such persons shall be punished by a fine of not less than five hundred nor more than five thousand dollars, or by imprisonment, with or without hard labor, not less than six months nor more than six years, or by both such fine and imprison

ment.

"4. To wreak, with a political or social object, any deed of hate or revenge upon individuals or upon any class in the State.

"5. To despoil, with a political· or social object, any class of persons, the municipality, the province, or the State of all or any part of their property, or to lay waste or destroy such property.

"ART. 237. Those who, by inciting the seditious and making them resolute, shall have promoted and supported sedition, and its principal leaders, shall be punished with the penalty of reclusión temporal should they be included in any of the cases specified in the first paragraph of No. 2 of article 174, and with that of prision mayor should they not be included in any of these."

See Trans. Penal Code for the Philippines, Div. of Ins. Affrs., War Dept.)

SEC. 7. Áll persons conspiring to commit the crime of sedition shall be punished by a fine of not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding five years, or both.

SEC. 5337. Every person who recruits soldiers or sailors within the United States to engage in armed hostility against the same, or who opens within the United States a recruiting station for the enlistment of such soldiers or sailors to serve in any manner in armed hostility against the United States, shall be fined not less than two hundred dollars nor more than one thousand dollars, and imprisoned not less than one year nor more than five years.

SEC. 5338. Every soldier or sailor enlisted or engaged within the United States with intent to serve in armed hostility against the same, shall be punished by a fine of one hundred dollars, and by imprisonment not less than one year nor more than three years.

SEC. 1342, Art. 19, p. 232, U. S. Rev. Stats. Any officer who uses contemptuous or disrespectful words against the President, the Vice-President, the Congress of the United States, or the chief magistrate or legislature of any

Act No. 292 Philippine Commis

sion.

SEC. 8. Every person who shall utter seditious words or speeches, write, publish, or circulate scurrilous libels against the Government of the United States or the insular government of the Philippine Islands or which tend to disturb or obstruct any lawful officer in executing his office, or which tend to instigate others to cabal or meet together for unlawful purposes, or which suggest or incite rebellious conspiracies or riots, or which tend to stir up the people against the lawful authorities or to disturb the peace of the community, the safety and order of the Government, or who shall know

of the United States in which he is quartered, shall be dismissed from the service or otherwise punished, as a court-martial may direct. Any soldier who so offends shall be punished as a courtmartial may direct.

SEC. 1342, Art. 22. Any officer or soldier who begins, excites, causes, or joins in any mutiny or sedition, in any troop, battery, company, party, post, detachment, or guard, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a courtmartial may direct.

SEE. 1342, Art. 23. Any officer or soldier who, being present at any mutiny or sedition, does not use his utmost endeavor to suppress the same, or having knowledge of any intended mutiny or sedition, does not, without delay, give information thereof to his commanding officer, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct.

SEC. 1624, Art. 8, provides: "Such punishment as a courtmartial may adjudge may be inflicted on any person in the Navy who * * utters any seditious or mutinous words:"

Code of Tennessee.

SEC. 5555. Whoever shall be guilty of uttering seditious words or speeches, spreading abroad false news, writing or dispersing scurrilous libels against the State or General Government, disturbing or obstructing any lawful officer in executing his office, or of instigating others to cabal and meet together, to contrive, invent, suggest or incite rebellious conspiracies, riots, or any manner of unlawful feud or differences, thereby to stir people up maliciously to contrive the ruin and destruction of the peace, safety, and order of the Government, or shall knowingly conceal such evil practices, shall be punished by fine and im

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