navigating any other vessel, barge, or raft, moor the same at both ends, or alter the situation of such vessel, barge, or raft, or otherwise stop or effectually secure the same, as the case may require, so as that such and every obstruction to the speedy and commodious passage of other vessels shall be forthwith removed; every such offender shall forfeit and pay the penalty hereinafter mentioned for every such offence, and for every repetition thereof, after such request as aforesaid, made after the expiration of half-anhour subsequent to such first or other offence.

34.-No vessel shall be allowed to have mooring lines fast to the opposite side or across the channel of the navigation, whether in the canal or in the lakes.

35.-Vessels of whatever description, navigating the lakes or approaches to the canal at either end, during the night, shall carry a light at the bow, which shall be kept burning from sunset till sunrise; and shall also have a person stationed at the bow as a look-out, who shall be provided with a horn or bell which he shall sound to give warning when meeting with other vessels or boats.

65. In proceeding along the canal, steam vessels shall be under the same regulations with sailing vessels as to the order in which they shall be admitted into and passed through the locks; with this difference, that no steam vessel shall be detained either at any single lock or set of. locks for other vessels, whether proceeding in the same or in the opposite direction, which may not have arrived at the said lock or locks before her.

66.-Steam vessels, in like manner, can only be passed through the locks or bridges, or be allowed to proceed along the artificial portions of the canal during the regular hours of daylight, that is, from half-an-hour before sunrise to half-an-hour after sunset, except in cases of clear weather or moonlight, as already mentioned.

67.-Steam vessels carrying passengers, starting from either end of the canal at fixed hours, and whose arrival

at any single lock or set of locks may be depended on at a given time, are to have precedence of passage, even to the exclusion of other vessels which may have arrived at the said lock or locks before them, in so far as this shall be deemed necessary to preserve (within a reasonable margin) due regularity and dispatch in the movements of the said steam vessels. This rule will be more especially applicable to the case of the swift line of steam vessels, not only whose departure but arrival at either end of the canal is due at fixed hours, either in connection with railway trains or with other steam vessels into which the passengers are transferred; insomuch that this class of steam vessels shall have similar precedence, even to the exclusion of other steam vessels carrying passengers, but of slower speed, and not so strictly dependent on fixed hours. This regulation, however, although generally acted upon for the accommodation of steam vessels carrying passengers, is not to be held binding at all times and seasons, but may be more or less deviated from at the discretion of the lock-keepers under peculiar or exceptional circumstances of dispatch required by other vessels.

69.-Steam vessels when approaching any lock, shall, in every case, slow their engines when at a distance of full 200 yards from such lock; and shall stop their engines at the distance of full 50 yards from the nearest lock-gates, so as to enable the vessel to be brought up with perfect safety to the works, or to other vessels which may be in the lock before them.

70.—In passing through or leaving any lock the master or other person in charge of any steam vessel shall not set on his engines until the lock-keeper gives the word that the lock-gates are properly opened up, the ropes cast off, and the vessel in a fit position for moving through with safety.

71. When steam vessels, sailing along the artificial portions of the canal and in opposite directions, meet one another, each shall slow her engine as soon as she comes

within 50 yards of the other, and shall keep as near as she can towards the side of the canal to the right or starboard, so as to afford all possible facility to each other to pass ; and when so meeting in any of the lakes along the line of the navigation, or in the estuaries immediately approaching thereto, each shall also keep to the right or starboard side, by putting the helm to port in sufficient time to let them pass at a distance of not less than 20 yards asunder.

72.—When steam vessels plying on the canal in the same direction, but with unequal velocity, approach each other, the vessel which sails slowest shall keep sufficiently to the left or larboard side, and stop her engine for the faster sailing vessel to pass, as soon as the latter comes within 30 feet of the former, and until the faster sailing vessel shall have passed her to the extent of 30 feet, and shall offer no obstruction whatever, by crossing the channel or otherwise, to the free passage of the vessel astern.

73.-Steam vessels, when meeting or passing other vessels which are being tracked in the canal, shall keep to the off-side of the towing-path, and shall, on no pretence, attempt to cross or interfere with the tracking lines of such other vessels.

74.—All steam vessels plying in the lakes or estuaries on the line of the navigation, and falling in with vessels beating to windward, shall alter their course in sufficient time to pass at the distance of 30 yards astern of the vessel so beating to windward.

75.-During the darkness of night, or in time of thick fogs, the masters and crews of steam vessels navigating the lakes or estuaries as aforesaid, shall limit their speed, in the navigation of the said vessels, to from three to four miles per hour.

76. All steam vessels, whether proceeding through the lakes and estuaries as aforesaid, or lying at anchor or aground in any part of the line of the navigation, shall, from sunset to sunrise, or in time of thick fogs, have a

sufficiently brilliant and conspicuous light hung out ahead when sailing, and when moored or lying aground placed at the part of the vessel nearest the deep water.

78.-Every steam vessel navigating the canal shall be furnished with a bell of sufficient size, which shall be hung in a belfry at the bow of the vessel, and rung in time of thick fogs and during the darkness of the night; and shall also be furnished with a mariner's compass, to be kept constantly in good order.

82.-All masters of steam vessels plying on the canal, or lakes connected therewith, shall take off the steam power of the said vessels on approaching the dredging machines for deepening the channel of the navigation, and the punts belonging to the commissioners, when loading or discharging; and shall move along slowly for one hundred yards, both before and after passing the dredging apparatus and punts.

83.-When the water in any of the canal reaches is lowered under its regular level, for the purpose of occasional repairs at any part of the line, steam vessels proceeding along the said reaches shall, in all such cases, slow their speed to such a degree as shall prevent injury to the slopes or banks thereof.

84.-Steam vessels employed in towing other vessels on the canal shall not tow any such other vessels alongside or abreast of the steam vessels, or abreast of each other, but in all cases astern or in line; and no steam vessel or tracker shall, upon any pretence whatever, take any vessel in tow until the said vessel has been properly arranged and made fast, so as to proceed in a steady and commodious manner along the canal.

86. No steam vessel shall exceed HALF-SPEED in any of the reaches of the canal.

87.—That all steam vessels navigating the canal shall proceed through the several reaches of the canal at a speed not exceeding six miles per hour, and shall in all cases be

required to regulate or reduce the speed, so as not to cause damage to the slopes and pitchings by excessive wash or

suction.1

CARRON RIVER (Grangemouth Harbour).

Bye-laws made by the Caledonian Railway Company by virtue of 4 & 5 Vict. c. lv.; 30 & 31 Vict. c. cvi.; 39 & 40 Vict. c. xlviii.; 49 & 50 Vict. c. lxxvi.

1. All vessels shall be held to be within the harbour, and subject to these bye-laws, as soon as they come within the Carron River embankments when entering, and until they pass beyond the embankments on departing.

2.-When vessels navigating the Carron River proceeding in opposite directions approach each other they shall put their helms to port, and keep as near as possible to the right or starboard side of the river, so as to afford all possible facility for passing each other.

4.-Vessels for the docks or harbour, before coming within two cables' lengths of the mouth of the Grangeburn, must have their sails furled, quarter boats (if any) bowered, or taken on board, jib boom rigged in, martingales and all outriggers unshipped and anchors stowed on board, except an anchor ready for letting go, as below provided for, which also must be stowed before entering the docks.

5. No vessel shall lie or be moored at the entrance of the docks or harbour, or in the Carron River, so as to interrupt or impede the navigation.

6. No vessel shall enter the docks or harbour under sail, but must be warped in after having been brought up by hawsers run out to the palls on either side of the river.

1 Made the 24th July, 1896.