strive against this. He should study the lesson with reference to presenting the matter to the pupils

One of the best examples to cite is the case of Matthew Arnold. This eminent man came to this country and proceeded to lecture before the American public. They heard him patiently and then said, "His matter may be good, but his mode of presenting it is bad.” Mr. Arnold put himself in the hands of those who knew more about the art of speaking than he did, and it was soon seen that he was a better speaker. His mistake was that he over estimated the matter, and under-estimated the art of presenting it; a fault of most teachers. The principles the teacher should keep in mind: Relate to (1) the pupil; (2) the subject; (3) outside circumstances; (4) the teacher.

(1). Begin at the pupils' standpoint. (2). Proceed from the near to the remote, simple to the complex. (3). Teach inductively. (4) See that with the knowledge comes ability. (5). Keep the thought before the mind until it is connected with the pupils' trains of thought. (6). Accustom the pupil to work and to delight in it. (7). Review that the pupil may retain his knowledge. (8). Develop and recognize the individuality of your pupil. (9). Carry the pupil up on all sides. (10). Let every step be a natural step.

As to the subject matter itself, let the teacher (1) see that what is already known is firm-from this reach out. (2). Divide the steps to be taken into smaller steps, if needed. (3). Be sure to arouse the curiosity. (4). Refer frequently to established principles, or fundamental ideas. (5). Connect related subjects. (6). Go from the thing to its sign. (7). Go out in all directions.

As to himself, the teacher must (1) make his teaching interesting. (2). Throw life and energy into his work. (3). Make the subject palatable to the pupils. (4. Carry his skill to a higher point each day.

As to the surrounding circumstances, the teacher must (1) bear in mind the future of his pupil. (2). Constantly give general culture. New York School Journal.

EDITORIAL PARAGRAPHS.

THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION.-The next annual meeting of the National Educational Association will be held at Madison, Wis., July 10th to 18th. The National Council of Education will hold its sessions from July 10th to 15th, and will be followed by the sessions of the National Educational Association. Ar rangements have been made to hold the sessions of the various Departments

during the continuance of the General Association, yet so as not to interfere with its work. In connection with it will also be held a meeting of the Froebel Institute of North America, July 14-17, and also an Educational Exposition, designed for the exhibition of school books, school work, and school appliances of all sorts. Great pains have been taken to secure the most favorable terms from the hotels and railroads, and a number of splendid excursions have been organized in connection with the meeting-excursions to Lake Superior, the Yellowstone Park, Oregon, Alaska, California, etc. We published in the May JOURNAL the hotel and railroad rates.

Crowds are expected to be present from all parts of the country, and already a large number have notified the managers of their purpose to attend. The work of the meeting will be done by some of the most distinguished educators of the country, and the programme presented touches points of interest to all teachers. The contact of so many minds engaged in the same work cannot fail to elicit something of advantage to each. The trip, aside from the educational features, is exceedingly cheap, and would pay. It is very desirabie to have as many as possible go from Virginia. We have already sent out a number of bulletins of the Association, and shall be pleased to forward them to any who may desire to attend. Address Wm. F. Fox, 329 W. Main street, Richmond, Va.

THE following note from Prof. Webster explains itself: An important error occurs on page 183 of the JOURNAL, second line from the bottom. "Four times the length" should read "four-thirds the length." Please see if it was not so in the manuscript, and correct it in the next number.

Yours truly,

N. B. WEBster.

Book Notices.

WARREN COLBURN'S FIRST LESSONS: Intellectual Arithmetic upon the Inductive Method of Instruction. By WARREN COLBURN, A. M. Revised and Enlarged Edition. With an Appendix Containing a Sketch of the Author's Life, His Original Preface, and George B. Emerson's Introduction to the Edition of 1863. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Price, 35 cents.

We feel a debt of gratitude to Warren Colburn for first giving us an intelligent appreciation of the principles of arithmetic. The clearness, simplicity and true philosophy of his method have doubtless made the study of arithmetic a pleasure to many pupils who would otherwise have regarded it as a most uninviting task. edition retains the methods of the old, so modified as to better adapt them to the needs of the present.

For sale by West, Johnston & Co., 911 Main street.

The new

COURS DE LECTURE ET DE TRADUCTION. By J. ROEMER, LL.D., Prof. of the French Language and Literature in the College of the City of New York. Vol. I. Etude Raisonnée, Vol. II. Contes et Mélanges. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1884.

The author has based his work on the idea that a foreign language can best be learned by actual contact with the language itself, with the aid of the very simplest

grammatical ideas. The grammatical rules are best appreciated after having been observed in the language itself. His first volume, therefore, starts out with some very short and easily understood extracts from French authors. The first thirty-one of these are fully discussed in the notes and points of grammar, idioms, &c., brought carefully to the attention of the student. The thorough study of these lessons, with frequent reviews, will prepare the pupil to make good use of the remaining selections, which are designed especially to secure skill in translation, oral and written. The pupil who has properly used these two volumes ought to have a fair appreciation of the language, which must be increased and perfected by extensive and varied reading.

A TREATISE ON PEDAGOGY FOR YOUNG TEACHERS. By E. C. HEWITT, LL. D., Pres. Ill. State Normal Univ.: Van Antwerp, Bragg & Co., Cincinnati and New York.

This is a brief manual by one of the most progressive educators of the country. It is not a book of Methods, but a presentation, in a brief and compact form, of such principles as underlie and give form to all methods that are worthy of attention. Psychology is the basis of the treatise, since all true educational systems and methods must be based on the nature of the human mind. "Schemes," or general synopses, have been introduced throughout the book to enable the student to grasp and retain the subjects in an orderly and methodical way. The book has been written with special reference to the wants of young teachers, who cannot fail to be profited by its careful study.

HOME AND SCHOOL TRAINING. delphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1884.

By Mrs. H. E. G. AREY, A. M. Phila-
Price, 75 cents.

The author has given, in this excellent little volume, a number of suggestions to aid parents in developing in their children symmetrical characters-not a development of the intellectual side alone, but, what is more important, the moral side as well. To these is added a discussion of some of the phases of school work, that parents may be prepared to introduce their children to a successful and happy school-life.

For sale by West, Johnston & Co., 911 E. Main street.

SHAW'S NEW HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE, together with a History of English Literature in America. By TRUMAN J. BACKUS, LL.D., President of Packer Collegiate Institute. Price, $1.50.

Dr. Backus's revision of Shaw's Outlines of English Literature is too well known to need any extended notice. The excellence of its arrangement, the careful and judicious treatment of the subject, and its special adaptation for school use have given it a high place. In the new edition the author has been at no little pains to improve the arrangement, and has added a discussion of the lives and writings of eminent English men of letters who have died since the previous edition was published. The sketch of American literature has been written anew for this work, and presents a much more satisfactory treatment than that heretofore given.

KELLERMAN'S PLANT ANALYSIS. A classified list of the Wild Flowers of The Northern United States, with Keys for Analysis and Identification. By Prof. W. A. KELLERMAN, of the Kansas State Agricultural College, author of "The Elements of Botany." Many illustrations. Philadelphia: John E. Potter & Co. Price, $1.00.

This book is intended, primarily, as a companion volume to Kellerman's "Elements of Botany," but the analytical keys have been prefaced by enough descriptive botany to render it complete in itself, so that it may be used satisfactorily by those even who have no preliminary knowledge of the subject. The plan of arrangement throughout the keys is simple, the marked distinctions between plants being selected for comparison, and useless descriptions avoided. It is just the book for beginners in practical botany.

SONG WORSHIP: For Sunday Schools. By L. O. EMERSON and W. F. SHERWIN. Price, 35 cents.

These gentlemen are quite able to speak for themselves, as they do in a brief preface, a part of which we give, as follows:

'SONG WORSHIP is offered to the public on its real merits, as they must appear upon intelligent and careful examination.

"Its authors have endeavored to meet, in a practical way, the generally expressed desire for that which shall lift the service of song in the Sunday-school above the ordinary grade, without putting it beyond the reach of the vast majority.

"The book will be found to be rich in hymns of sterling merit, as well as in melodious music which will not seem insipid upon frequent repetition."

As Mr. Emerson holds a very high place as a composer of sacred music, and as Mr. Sherwin, also a composer, has had the advantage of being leader of music at Chautauqua and other assemblies, it is quite likely that "Song Worship" will be generally introduced.

Notes of Lessons. By LUCRETIA

METHODS OF TEACHING GEOGRAPHY.
CROCKER. Boston: Boston School Supply Co., 1884.

We had occasion to notice favorably some time since the first edition of this work. The second edition is much enlarged and improved, and forms an excellent outline of a course in geography.

The Magazines.

NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW for June.--Contents: Harboring Conspiracy. Prof. H. W. Rogers; Lords of Industry, H. D. Lloyd: The Struggle tor Immortality, Elizabeth Stuart Phelps; Sociological Fallacies, Prof. W. G. Sumner; The Rise and Fall of Authority, Pres. J. C Welling; Walt. Whitman, Walker Kennedy; Expert Testimony, Rossiter Johnson and others.

SOUTHERN HISTORICAL SOCIETY PAPERS for June-Contents: Last Chapter in the History of Reconstruction in South Caralina, Prof. F A. Porcher; Letters from Fort Sumter, Lieutenant I. Joues; "Military Operations of General Beauregard," A Review by Colonel Wm Allan; Letter from General Lee to President Davis, July 29th, 1963; Experiences of Corporal J. G. Blanchard, as Prisoner at Camp Douglas; Report of General B. R Johnson of Operations from 6th to 11th of May, 1864; Is the Eclectic History of the United States" a fit book to be used in our Schools? A Review by J. Wm. Jones; Editorial Paragraphs.

THE AMERICAN NATURALIST for June. Contents: The Theory of a Glacial Dam at Cincinnati and its Verification; The Structure of the Traches of Insects (illustrated); Agricultural Botany (illustra

ted); The Naturalist Brazilian Expedition (paper III, continued); On the Evidence that the Earth's
Interior is Solid; Vestiges of Glacial Man in Minnesota; The Genesis of Crystalline Rocks; Editors'
Table: Recent Literature; General Notes-Geology and Palæontology, Mineralogy, Botany, Ento-
mology, Zoology, Physiology, Psychology, Anthropology, Microscopy and Histology; Sctentific News;
Proceedings of Scientific Societies

ST. NICHOLAS for June.-Contents: Frontispiece, "Daisy Time"; A Child's Night-Thoughts, poem,
Lucy Larcom; The tanner of Beaumanoir, sixth Spinning-wheel story, Louisa M. Alcott; June,
verses; Two Boys of Migglesville; The Spider and the Tuning-Fork: The Brownie's Voyage, verses,
Palmer Cox, four illustrations; A Decorative Art Society, picture; Flower Fancies, poems; Gustavus
Kean's Spelling: Daisy Time, verses, illustrated: The Scarlet Tanager, chapters IV, V, VI, VII, J.
T. Trowbridge, four illustrations; A Page from Young Contributors, illustrated; Margaret's "Favor-
Book"; How We Fooled the Storks, two illustrations; My Ma Says that Women Ought to Vote,"
picture; The Bashful Margurite, verses; Historic Boys, Frederick of Hohenstaufen, the Boy Emperor;
Queer Game; Marvin and His Boy Hunters, chapters III, IV, V, and VI, Maurice Thompson, illus-
trations by W. L. Sheppard; the St Nicholas Almanac, illustrated: For very Little Folk, Grandma's
Surprise Party, verses, illustrated; Jack-in-the-Pulpit; The Letter-Box; Agassiz Association; The
Riddle-Box, illustrated

THE ATLANTIC MONTHLY for June.-Contents: The Roman Singer. XXIII, XXIV, F. Marion Craw-
ford; Paris Classical Concerts; The Bird of Solitude, Olive Thorne Miller; The Beach Plum, E. S. F
In War Time, XI, XII, S. Weir Mitchell: Penury not Pauperism, D. O Kellogg; The Christening, S.
M. B Piatt; An Old War Horse to a Young Politician. William H. McElroy; Wentworth's Crime,
Frank Parks; To a Poet in the City, Thomas William Parsons: The Trail of the Sea-Serpent, J. G.
Wood; The Anatomizing of William Shakespeare, II, Richard Grant White: The New Party, J. Lau-
rence Laughlin; Washington as it Should Be, O. B. Frothingham; Thomas Gold Appleton, Oliver
Wendell Holmes; Two Literary Studies; The Hessians and the Revolution: Bourget's Essais de Psy-
chologie Conte "poraine; The Question of Ships; The Contributors' Club; Books of the Month.

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY for June -Contents: The Sins of Legislators, II, Herbert Spencer;
Modes of Reproduction in Plants, illustrated: Evolution and Dissolution of the Nervous System; The
Pole and Wire Evil; Stethoscopy, illustrated; Coal and the Coal-Tar Colors; The Chemistry of
Cookery; Ensilage and Fermentation; Geography and the Railroads; The Life-Work of Pasteur;
Clean Drinking-Water; Physiology versus Metaphysics; Professor Dvorák's Sound-Mills, illustrated;
Arnold Henry Guyot, with portrait. Editor's Table: The Progress of Mental Science-A Model Ben-
efaction. Literary Notices; Popular Miscellany; Notes.

THE CENTURY MAGAZINE for June.-There are four profusely illustrated papers and four full-page
pictures. Of special interest is Miss Fanny Stone's "Diary of an American Girl in Cairo during the
War of 1882." President Eliot, of Harvard, discusses the question, "What is a Liberal Education?" in
which he claims that the sciences and English should be given leading places in the school and also in
the college course. In a paper on "The Use and Abuse of Parties," Dr. Washington Gladden advises
independents to try to act with their party in the choice of candidates, and to bolt bad nominations.

OUR LITTLE ONES and THE NURSERY for June has been received from the Russell Publishing Co.,
Boston, Mass.