functions set out in this article and to cooperate with the United Nations and with other intergovernmental organizations, generally, in the attainment of the economic and social objectives of the United Nations and in the restoration and maintenance of international peace and security.

7. Generally to advise and to make recommendations to Members and other international organizations, and to perform any other function appropriate to the purposes of the Organization.

Article 62. Structure of the Organization

The Organization shall have as its principal organs: a Conference, an Executive Board, commissions as established under article 72, and a Secretariat.

SECTION B. The Conference

Article 63. Membership

1. The Conference shall consist of the representatives of the Members of the Organization.

2. Each Member shall have one representative and may appoint alternates and advisers to its representative on the Conference.

3. No representative on the Conference may represent more than one Member.

Article 64. Voting

1. Each Member shall have one vote in the Conference.1

2. Except as may be otherwise provided for in this Charter, decisions of the Conference shall be taken by a majority of the Members present and voting.

Article 65. Sessions, Procedure, and Officers

1. The Conference shall meet in regular annual sessions and in such special sessions as occasion may require. Special sessions shall be convoked by the Director General at the request of the Executive Board or of a majority of the Members.

2. The Conference shall adopt its own rules of procedure. It shall annually elect its president and other officers.

Article 66. Powers and Duties

1. The Conference shall have final authority to determine the policies of the Organization. It may make recommendations to Members of the Organization and to other international organizations regarding any matter pertaining to the purposes of the Organization.

2. The Conference may, by the affirmative votes of two thirds of its Members, determine criteria and set up procedures for waiving, 1 See footnote to art. 68.

in exceptional circumstances, obligations of Members undertaken pursuant to this Charter.

3. The Conference may delegate to the Executive Board authority to exercise or perform any of the powers and duties of the Conference, except such specific powers and duties as are expressly conferred or imposed upon the Conference.

4. The Conference shall approve the budget of the Organization and shall apportion the expenses of the Organization among the Members.

5. The Conference may develop and, by the affirmative votes of two thirds of its Members, recommend for their acceptance, conventions and agreements with respect to any matter within the competence of the Organization. Each Member undertakes that it will, within 18 months after such recommendation by the Conference, make a decision upon it. Each Member shall notify the Director General of the action taken and, in the event of rejection of such recommendation, shall furnish a statement of the reasons therefor.

6. The Conference shall establish procedures for making the determinations provided for in article 30 and in paragraph 3 of article 52 whereby any such determinations shall be made through the Organization by consultation among the Members having an important interest in the trade in the product concerned.

7. The Conference shall establish procedures for making the determinations and recommendations provided for in subparagraph 3 (d) of article 26; paragraph 2 of article 34; and article 35.

8. The Conference may, by the affirmative votes of two thirds of its members present and voting, adopt the standards, nomenclature, terms, and forms described in paragraph 7 of article 22.

9. The Conference shall determine the site of the Organization and shall establish such branch offices as it may consider desirable.

SECTION C. Interim Tariff Committee

Article 67. Interim Tariff Committee

1. There shall be an Interim Tariff Committee which shall act temporarily on behalf of the Organization in the making of recommendations and determinations pursuant to paragraph 3 of article 24. 2. The Committee shall consist originally of those Members of the Organization which shall have made effective the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade dated 194.2 Any other Member

2 This agreement refers to the proposed arrangement for the concerted reduction of tariffs and trade barriers among the countries invited by the United States to enter into negotiations for this purpose. It is contemplated that the agreement would contain schedules of tariff concessions and would incorporate certain of the provisions of chap. V of the Charter (e. g. the provisions relating to most-favorednation treatment, to national treatment on internal taxes and regulations, to quantitative restrictions, etc.).

of the Organization shall be a member of the Committee when, in the judgment of the Committee, that Member shall have completed negotiations pursuant to paragraph 1 of article 24 comparable in scope or effect to those completed by the original members of the Committee. When the number of Members of the Organization which are members of the Committee shall constitute two thirds of the total number of Members of the Organization, the Committee shall terminate and its functions shall be transferred to the Conference. 3. Each member of the Committee shall have one vote.3

4. Decisions of the Committee shall be taken by a majority of the members present and voting.

5. The Committee shall adopt its own rules of procedure, including provision for the election of its officers.

First Alternative

SECTION D. The Executive Board

Article 68. Membership

1. The Executive Board shall consist of fifteen Members of the Organization elected by the Conference.

2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3, one third of the members of the Executive Board shall be elected each year for a term of three years. A retiring member shall be eligible for immediate re-election.

3. At the first election, fifteen members of the Executive Board shall be chosen. The term of office of five members shall expire at the end of one year, and of five other members at the end of two years, in accordance with arrangements made by the Conference.

4. Each member of the Executive Board shall have one representative and may appoint alternates and advisers to its representative.

See footnote to art. 68.

At the meeting of the Preparatory Committee it was suggested that some formal provision might be made in the Charter whereby differences in importance in international trade of individual Members would be reflected in the measure of control that they would exercise over the affairs of the International Trade Organization. In this connection the Committee discussed the possibility of providing for (a) weighted voting or (b) permanent seats on the Executive Board for more important trading countries.

With respect to voting (see par. 1 of art. 64, par. 3 of art. 67, and par. 1 of art. 69) the majority of delegations favored in principle the system of one vote for each country, but several who did so expressed willingness to consider alternatives. In the case of art. 68, above, with respect to membership on the Executive Board, alternative drafts were presented. Many points were raised in the course of discussion, however, which would involve modification, in one way or another, of each of the alternatives, or the formulation of new ones.

Second Alternative

1. The Executive Board shall consist of fifteen Members of the Organization elected by the Conference, five of whom shall be eligible for immediate re-election.

2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3 of this article, one third of the members of the Executive Board shall be elected each year for a term of three years.

3. At the first election, fifteen members of the Executive Board shall be chosen. The term of office of five members shall expire at the end of one year, and of five other members at the end of two years, in accordance with arrangements made by the Conference.

4. Each member of the Executive Board shall have one representative and may appoint alternates and advisers to its representative. Third Alternative

1. The Executive Board shall consist of fifteen Members of the Organization elected by the Conference. By virtue of their economic importance, six Members shall be appointed as permanent members; nine other Members shall be granted non-permanent seats. The total number of seats may be increased by a decision of the Conference taken with a two-thirds majority of its members.

2. The non-permanent members of the Executive Board shall be chosen for a period of three years. At the first election of the nonpermanent members, three members shall be elected for a term of one year and three others for a term of two years. A retiring member shall not be eligible for immediate re-election.

3. These elections shall take place in accordance with arrangements to be approved by the Conference with a two-thirds majority of its members.

4. Each member of the Executive Board shall have one representative who may appoint alternates and advisers.

Fourth Alternative

1. The Executive Board shall consist of 20 Members of the Organization.

2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3 of this article one half of the members of the Executive Board shall serve for a term of five years and shall be appointed by the Members of the Organization having the largest share in the world trade and belonging to the following trade groups: Europe (two directors), North America (two directors), Latin America (two directors), Asia (two directors), Oceania (one director), and Africa (one director). Any change in the relative position in world trade of Members shall be taken into consideration at the end of each term of five years.

3. One half of the members of the Executive Board shall be elected annually by members of the Conference other than those entitled

to appoint a member of the Board in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 2. A retiring member shall be eligible for immediate re-election.

4. The Conference, upon the recommendation of the Executive Board, shall establish procedures for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this article.

5. Each member of the Executive Board shall have one representative and may appoint alternates and advisers to its representatives.

Article 69. Voting

1. Each member of the Executive Board shall have one vote." 2. Decisions of the Executive Board shall be made by a majority of members present and voting.

Article 70. Sessions, Procedures, and Officers

1. The Executive Board shall adopt its own rules of procedure, including rules concerning the convening of its sessions.

2. The Executive Board shall annually elect its chairman and other officers who shall be eligible for re-election.

3. The chairman of the Executive Board, as such, shall be entitled to participate, without the right to vote, in the deliberations of the Conference.

4. Any Member of the Organization which is not a member of the Executive Board shall be invited to send a representative to any discussion by the Board of a matter of particular and substantial concern to that Member. Such representative shall, for the purpose of such discussion, have all the rights of members of the Board, except the right to vote.

Article 71. Powers and Duties

1. The Executive Board shall be responsible for the execution of the policies of the Organization and shall exercise the powers delegated to it by the Conference. It shall supervise the activities of the commissions provided for in this Charter and shall take such action upon their recommendations as it may deem appropriate. It shall provide adequate machinery to review the work of the Organization as it relates to industrialization and general economic development.

2. The Executive Board may make recommendations to the Conference, to Members of the Organization, or to other international organizations, on any subject falling within the scope of the Organization and shall approve the preliminary agenda of the Conference.

3. The Executive Board may recommend to the Conference the admission of new Members of the Organization.

4. The Executive Board may refer to the commissions such questions as it may deem appropriate.

See footnote to art. 68.