at a much lower cost than wheat or oats. The details of these experiments, together with data for the establishment of practical, fixed rations, are given in a bulletin which has just been completed."

QUARANTINES AT PORTS OF ENTRY.

The Miscellaneous Division (which became the Quarantine Division on July 1, 1903), under the immediate supervision of Dr. R. W. Hiekman, has charge of the work connected with the quarantines at the several ports of entry, as well as the records of tuberculin tests in England, referred to elsewhere.

QUARANTINE STATION FOR THE PORT OF NEW YORK.

New York, being the chief seaboard port, is most frequently chosen by importing breeders as the port of entry for animals requiring inspection and quarantine. The work at the new animal quarantine station for this port, located at Athenia, N. J., has been progressing favorably during the year, and much has been done in the way of adding to its completeness as a quarantine station as well as in enhancing its beauty and attractiveness. Situated as it is in the foothills of the Orange Mountains, 12 miles in a direct line from New York City, the grading of the grounds and avenues, the road building, the turfing of banks, the planting of trees and shrubs, together with the building of several new permanent stables, of the same attractive design and substantial construction as those previously erected, to replace the temporary buildings erected last year, materially contribute toward making this place what was intended in its inception, namely, the model animal quarantine station of America, and hence of the world. One of the features contributing to the picturesqueness of this section of country, and, indeed, to nearly the whole of northern New Jersey, has rendered the work of grading a portion of this tract rather slow and tedious. At near the center of the irregular oblong comprised in the 43 acres therein contained, running through its transverse diameter, there is a considerable ridge of brownstone covered with timber. In the face of this ridge quarries had been opened and worked at intervals extending back through many years, as shown by the growth of trees in some of the old holes partly filled with débris from the quarries and dirt that had washed into them. Thus, work that has been done here should be mentioned among the improvements; otherwise the changes wrought by converting this rough, rocky waste into a wooded slope of grazing ground could only be appreciated by those familiar with the conditions which existed when the Government purchased the land. At the top of this slope among the trees a new stone building has been erected to accommodate the pumping and water-supply apparatus and electric

a Published as Bulletin No. 56, Bureau of Animal Industry.

plant for the station and grounds; and toward the opposite side of the tract, in a wooded vale below, a large building 160 feet in length has been erected and especially fitted for hogs. In addition to this, the accommodations for animals to be quarantined now consist of permanent and temporary buildings as follows: Thirteen brick stables, with a cattle capacity of 317, and eight frame stables, with a cattle capacity of 283, making a total cattle capacity of 600. The Bureau has expended this year for additional buildings and improvements at Athenia $52,436.75, making the total cost thus far for the land (comprising 43 acres), buildings, and improvements about $113,436. Congress has appropriated $4,000 for the purchase of additional land, negotiations having been successfully conducted by Col. S. R. Burch, chief clerk of the Bureau, for two pieces containing about 9 acres, which separate the back or northeast corner of the station from the public road bounding its easterly side. This will prove a valuable addition, and make a total of about 52 acres in the station tract. The above appropriation becomes available July 1, 1903.

QUARANTINE STATION FOR THE PORT OF BOSTON.

The port of Boston was closed by order of the Secretary of Agriculture in November because of the occurrence of an outbreak of the contagious disease known as foot-and-mouth disease among animals in the States of Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Vermont, in accordance with which Bureau of Animal Industry Orders Nos. 99 and 100 were issued under date of November 27, 1902, prohibiting the exportation from the port of Boston of cattle, sheep, or other ruminants or swine, and the movement of any of the above animals from or across the territory of any one of the above-named States. As a consequence, the entry of animals requiring quarantine at the port of Boston was limited to the first third of the fiscal year, and were as indicated in the succeeding table. Improvements at this station, located at Littleton, Mass., for the year consisted in necessary repairs to buildings, fences, and water-supply apparatus. For these $84.24 was expended.

QUARANTINE STATION FOR THE PORT OF BALTIMORE.

The land for this station, located at Halethorp, Md., as in the case of that for the port of Boston, is leased by the Department, and the expenses, apart from those incidental to the care of the property and animals quarantined there, have been likewise for necessary repairs, for which there has been expended $387.04. It is very desirable that a piece of land be purchased for a quarantine station for this port located on Chesapeake Bay, in order that import animals may be unloaded directly from steamers by means of barges without the necessity of their reshipment by rail to the quarantine station. Such a change in the present arrangements would probably permit of the safe

admission of importations of cattle, sheep, and other ruminants and swine from portions of the world now excluded, and which breeders of the various animals originating in such countries are exceedingly desirous to import. The last session of Congress appropriated $10,000 for the purchase of such a piece of land, which becomes available July 1, 1903, and steps will be promptly taken with a view to securing a suitable tract for this purpose.

ANIMALS QUARANTINED.

The following animals have all been subjected to inspection and quarantine, the length of the quarantine period imposed being fixed in accordance with the requirements of the Department regulations for the class or subdivision of the class to which they belonged:

There were also imported through the port of New York,and quarantined under the supervision of the superintendent of the Athenia, N. J., quarantine station, 39 deer, 12 camels, 1 yak, 1 ibex, 2 wart hogs, 1 tapir, 7 antelopes, 2 moufflons, 4 llamas, 1 water buck, 2 zebus, 2 gazelles, 2 zebras, 1 Red River hog, 14 goats, 1 giraffe, 3 wild boars, 1 freak cow, 1 caribou, 1 reindeer, 1 anoa, and 11 miscellaneous ruminant show animals. In addition, 65 show animals were entered and inspected at the port of New York, belonging to Messrs. Barnum & Bailey, which were quarantined at their winter quarters at Bridgeport, Conn. There were imported through the port of Boston, Mass., and quarantined under the supervision of the superintendent of the quarantine station at Littleton, Mass., 2 deer, 1 antelope, and 1 goat; through the port of Ogdensburg, N. Y., 1 goat; through the port of Island Pond, Vt., 1 goat; and through the port of San Francisco, Cal., 4 guanacos and 2 alpacas. This makes a total of 1,831 imported animals that were quarantined.

The imports of animals from Canada not subject to quarantine at quarantine stations, but admitted upon inspection through the various

stations along the Canadian border, were 8,697 cattle, 163,427 sheep, 3,751 horses, 25,115 hogs, 11 moose, 1 deer, 14 asses, 3 mules, 5 goats, 3 camels, and 4 dogs-a total of 201,031.

ZOOLOGICAL WORK.

Owing to changes in the personnel of the Division of Zoology, the work there has been considerably interrupted. The chief of the division was transferred to the United States Public Health and MarineHospital Service in August, but has since been appointed consulting zoologist in charge, thus having general supervision of the work. The assistant chief was transferred in November to the field force of this Bureau. It was not until June that these two vacancies were filled, and on this account scientific investigations were interrupted, while the regular routine work of correspondence, determination of specimens, cataloguing of literature, etc., was continued.

The Division of Zoology, United States Public Health and MarineHospital Service, has been quartered in the zoological laboratory of this Bureau during the fiscal year just ended, so that the two divisions were practically conducted as one, the scientific work being done by the Marine-Hospital men.

HOOKWORM DISEASE IN UNITED STATES.

The most important piece of work undertaken was the demonstration of the frequency of hookworm disease (uncinariasis) in man in the United States, an investigation which had been started while the chief of the Division of Zoology, Doctor Stiles, was still in this Bureau, and which he completed after his transfer. The fact that a new species of parasite (Uncinaria americana), distinct from the Old World form (Agchylostoma duodenale), infests man in this country was first recognized by the Bureau of Animal Industry, and forms the basis of all the recent work upon the disease conducted in this country. It has now been shown that this disease is very prevalent in certain parts of the United States, especially among the farming classes of the sand districts of the Southern Atlantic States.

MEAT INSPECTION.

The inspection of cattle, sheep, calves, and hogs and their products was in operation at 155 abattoirs and packing houses in 49 cities. During the year inspection was started at 8 abattoirs, 3 of which are in 2 cities not before represented. Inspection had been withdrawn from, or business had been suspended at, 7 abattoirs before the end of the preceding year, thus lessening the number of cities by 2. There was a net increase of 1 abattoir over the previous year. Horses were inspected at 1 other abattoir.

The number of establishments and cities where meat inspection has been in operation since the work was begun is shown in the following table:

Establishments and cities where meat inspection was conducted, 1891 to 1903.

The following table shows the extent of the inspection of animals before they are slaughtered. The number of animals rejected on this inspection is also given. These animals are tagged and are held for further disposition; some are slaughtered immediately and are condemned or not according to their condition. Pregnant animals may be released to go to the country when there is no danger of spreading the contagion of any disease:

The number of hogs inspected antemortem for official abattoirs fell from 25,096,684 to 21,707,381. The number of cattle rose from 5,733,698 to 6,213,783. The number of sheep increased considerably, 8,401,300 being inspected, against 7,497,738 last year.

The inspection of animals at time of slaughter, with the number of carcasses and parts of carcasses condemned and tanked, is shown in the next table. The number of condemnations for trichinosis is given under the head of "Microscopic inspection of pork:"