by which Oxford is made a body; made what it is; and Cambridge is made what it is; and in the act it takes place. Besides, Oxford has the best monuments to show.

2. It was well said of one, hearing of a history lecture to be founded in the university; "Would to God," says he, "they would direct a lecture of discretion there! this would do more good there a hundred times.

3. He that comes from the university to govern the state, before he is acquainted with the men and manners of the place, does just as if he should come into the presence chamber all dirty, with his boots on, his riding coat, and his head all daubed. They may serve him well enough in the way, but when he comes to court, he must conform to the place.

VOWS.

Suppose a man find by his own inclination he has no mind to marry, may he not then vow chastity? Answ. If he does, what a fine thing hath he done? It is as if a man did not love cheese; and then he would vow to God Almighty never to eat cheese. He that vows can mean no more in sense than this; to do his utmost endeavour to keep his vow.

USURY.

1. The Jews were forbidden to take use one of another, but they were not forbidden to take it of other nations: that being so, I see no reason why I may not as well take use for my money, as rent for my house. It is a vain thing

to say, money begets not money; for that no doubt it does.

2. Would it not look oddly to a stranger, that should come into this land, and hear in our pulpits usury preached against, and yet the law allow it? Many men use it; perhaps some churchmen themselves. No bishop nor ecclesiastical judge, that pretends power to punish other faults, dares punish, or at least does punish, any man for doing it.

PIOUS USES.

The ground of the ordinary's taking part of a man's estate, who died without a will, to pious uses, was this: to give it somebody to pray that his soul might be delivered out of purgatory: now the pious uses come into his own pocket. It was well expressed by John o' Powls in the play, who acted the priest one that was to be hanged, being brought to the ladder, would fain have given something to the poor; he feels for his purse, which John o' Powls had picked out of his pocket before: missing it, cries out, he had lost his purse. Now he intended to have given something to the poor: John o' Powls bid him be pacified, for the poor had it already.

WAR.

1. Do not undervalue an enemy by whom you have been worsted. When our countrymen came home from fighting with the Saracens, and were beaten by them, they pictured them with huge, big, terrible faces, as you still see the sign of the Sara

cen's head is, when in truth they were like other men but this they did to save their own credits.

2. Martial law, in general, means nothing but the martial law of this or that place : with us to be used in fervore belli, in the face of the enemy, not in time of peace; there they can take away neither limb nor life: the commanders need not complain for want of it, because our ancestors have done gallant things without it.

3. Quest. Whether may subjects take up arms against their prince? Answ. Conceive it thus: here lies a shilling betwixt you and me; tenpence of the shilling is yours, twopence is mine: by agreement, I am as much king of my twopence, as you of your tenpence if you, therefore, go about to take away my twopence, I will defend it for there you and I are equal, both princes.

4. Or thus: two supreme powers meet; one says to the other, "Give me your land; if you will not, I will take it from you." The other, because he thinks himself too weak to resist him, tells him: "Of nine parts I will give you three; so I may quietly enjoy the rest, and I will become your tributary.” Afterwards the prince comes to exact six parts, and leaves but three: the contract then is broken, and they are in parity again.

5. To know what obedience is due to the prince, you must look into the contract betwixt him and his people; as if you would know what rent is due from the tenant to the landlord, you must look into the lease: when the contract is broken, and there is no third person to judge, then the decision is by arms; and this is the case between the prince and the subject.

6. Quest. What law is there to take up arms against the prince, in case he break his covenant? Answ. Though there be no written law for it, yet there is custom, which is the best law of the kingdom; for in England they have always done it. There is nothing expressed between the king of England and the king of France, that if either invades the other's territory, the other shall take up arms against him; and yet they do it upon such an occasion.

7. It is all one to be plundered by a troop of horse, or to have a man's goods taken from him by an order from the council table. To him that dies, it is all one whether it be by a penny halter, or a silk garter; yet I confess the silk garter pleases more; and like trouts, we love to be tickled to death.

8. The soldiers say they fight for honour; when the truth is, they have their honour in their pocket; and they mean the same thing that pretend to fight for religion just as a parson goes to law with his parishioners, he says, for the good of his successors, that the church may not lose its right; when the meaning is, to get the tithes into his own pocket.

9. We govern this war as an unskilful man does a casting-net: if he has not the right trick to cast the net off his shoulder, the leads will pull him into the river. I am afraid we shall pull ourselves into destruction.

10. We look after the particulars of a battle, because we live in the very time of war; whereas of battles past, we hear nothing but the number slain. Just as for the death of a man, when he is sick, we talk how he slept this night, and that night; what he eat, and what he drank : but when he is

dead, we only say, he died of a fever, or name his disease; and there is an end.

11. Boccaline has this passage of soldiers: they came to Apollo to have their profession made the eighth liberal science, which he granted. As soon as it was noised up and down, it came to the butchers, and they desired their profession might be made the ninth; "for," say they, "the soldiers have this honour for the killing of men: now we kill as well as they; but we kill beasts for the preserving of men, and why should not we have honour likewise done us ?" Apollo could not answer their reasons, so he reversed his sentence, and made the soldier's trade a mystery, as the butcher's is.

WITCHES.

The law against witches does not prove there be any; but it punishes the malice of those people, that use such means to take away men's lives: if one should profess that by turning his hat thrice, and crying buz, he could take away a man's life, though in truth he could do no such thing: yet this were a just law made by the state, that whosoever should turn his hat thrice, and cry buz, with an intention to take away a man's life, shall be put to death.

WIFE.

1. He that hath a handsome wife, by other men is thought happy: it is a pleasure to look upon her, and be in her company; but the husband is cloyed with her we are never content with what we have.

2. You shall see a monkey sometimes, that has