Elevator shafts. Penalty. Enforcement. Engine brakes. Coupler. fuse cars. such floor or floors shall be sufficiently secure as to prevent their tipping up or giving away under a person or persons walking over same. The floors above referred to shall be embodied in the specifications and fully described by the architect or owner. SEC. 2. If any firm, person or corporation use or cause to be used any elevating machines or hoisting apparatus in the construction or building of any building or other structure for the purpose of lifting or elevating materials to be used in such construction, such firm, person or corporation engaged in constructing such building, shall cause the shafts or openings in each floor to be enclosed or fenced in on all sides by a barrier of suitable material at least four feet high. SEC. 3. Any person or corporation violating any of the provisions of this act shall be fined not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars. SEC. 4. The bureau of factory inspection is hereby required to enforce the provisions of this law. CHAPTER 120.-Safety appliances on railroads. SECTION 1. From and after the first day of January, 1904, it shall be unlawful for any person, firm, company or corporation engaged in commerce by railroad from one point to another in this State to use on its line any locomotive engine from one point in the State to another point in the State unless such locomotive is equipped with proper driving wheel brake and appliances for operating the train brake system, or using any train in such traffic after said date that has not a sufficient number of cars in it so equipped with power or train brakes that the engineer on the locomotive drawing such train can not control its speed without requiring trainmen to use the common hand brake for that purpose. SEC. 2. On and after the first day of January, 1904, it shall be unlawful for any such person, firm, company or corporation to haul or permit to be hauled, or used on its line, any car used in moving traffic from one point within this State to another point within this State, not equipped with couplers, coupling automatically, by impact, and which can be uncoupled without the necessity of men going between the ends of the cars. Right to re- SEC. 3. When any person, firm, company or corporation engaged in commerce within this State by railroad shall have equipped a sufficient number of its cars so as to comply with the provisions of section one of this act it may lawfully refuse to receive from any connecting lines of road or shippers any cars not equipped sufficiently in accordance with the first section of this act, with such power or train brakes as will work and readily interchange with the brakes in use on its own cars, as required by this act. Grap irons. Penalties Liability of employers. SEC. 4. From and after the first day of January, 1904, it shall be unlawful for any person, firm, company or corporation operating any railroad, to use any car in any commerce wholly within this State, that is not provided with secure grab irons or hand holds on each side of the coupler at both ends of the car, and on each side of the car at each end of such car. SEC. 5. Any such person, firm, company or corporation using any locomotive engine, running any train, or hauling or permitting to be hauled or used on its line, any car in violation of any of the provisions of this act, shall be liable to a penalty of $10 for each and every such violation, to be recovered in a suit to be brought by the prosecuting attorney in any court in this State having jurisdiction in the locality where such violation shall have been committed; and it shall be the duty of such prosecuting attorney to bring such suits upon duly verified information of such violation having occurred: Provided, That nothing in this act contained shall apply to trains composed of four wheel cars. SEC. 6. Any employee of any such person, firm, company or corporation so engaged in operating a railroad within this State, who may be injured by any locomotive, car or train in use contrary to the provisions of this act, shall not be deemed to have assumed the risk occasioned thereby, although continuing in the employment of such person, firm, company or corporation after the unlawful use of such locomotive, car or train has been brought to his knowledge. CHAPTER 171.-Payment of wages in scrip. SECTION 1. Whenever any person, firm, company or corporation or association shall take from any employee, laborer or other person rendering services for hire in the State, an assignment of such employee's, laborer's or other person's wages, earned or unearned, due or to become due, or shall take from such employee, laborer or other person rendering service for hire, any order on his employer for any such wages, and shall issue to give to any such employee, laborer or other person rendering service for hire, in consideration of or in payment for any such assignment or transfer or order, any check or any ticket, token or device payable or redeemable or purporting to be payable or redeemable or agreed to be payable or redeemable in goods, ware[s], merchandise or any other commodity or anything other than lawful money of the United States, such checks, tickets, tokens or device shall at once become due and payable in lawful money of the United States, for and to the extent of the full amount of the wages assigned or relinquished for it, and the employee, laborer or other person to whom such check, ticket, token or device for such assignment or relinquishment of wages [was issued], shall, after demand, have the right to collect same with reasonable attorney's fees, by suit in any court of competent jurisdiction. Nothing in this act shall be construed to prevent any firm, person, company, corporation or association from paying such employee, laborer or other person rendering service for hire by bank check on any solvent bank: Provided, Such bank check is payable upon demand at its face value. CHAPTER 222.-Fire escapes on factories, etc. * Scrip to be redeemed. SECTION 1. * * * Every building in which persons are employed Factories, etc., more than two above the second story in a factory, workshop or mercantile or other stories in height. establishment, * * and every factory, workshop, mercantile or other establishment of more than two stories in height shall be provided with proper ways of egress or means of escape from fire, sufficient for the use of all persons accommodated, assembled, employed, lodged or residing in such building, and such ways of egress and means of escape shall be kept free from obstruction, in good repair and ready for use at all times, and all rooms above the second story in such building shall be provided with more than one way of egress or escape from fire, placed as near as practicable at opposite ends of the room and leading to fire escapes on the outside of such buildings or to stairways on the inside, provided with proper railings. All external doors subject to the provisions of this section shall open outward, and all windows open outward or upward. The certificate of the chief inspector of the department of inspection of the State shall be prima facie evidence of a compliance with such requirements. * * * SEC. 2. In addition to the foregoing means of escape from fire, all such buildings as are enumerated in section 1 of this act, as are more than two stories in height, shall have one or more fire escapes on the outside of said buildings, as may be directed by the chief inspector aforesaid, except in such cases as the said chief inspector may deem such fire escapes to be unnecessary in consequence of adequate provision having been already made for safety in event of fire, and in such cases of exemption the said chief inspector shall give the owner, lessee or occupant of said building a written certificate to that effect and his reason therefor, and such fire escapes as are provided for in this section shall be constructed according to specifications issued or approved by the department of inspection and shall be connected with each floor above the first, well fastened and secured, and of sufficient strength; each of which fire escapes shall have landings or balconies guarded by iron railings not less than three feet in height, and embracing one or more windows at each story, and connecting with the Outside fire escapes. interior by easily accessible and unobstructed openings; and the bal- in- SEC. 3. Any other plan or style of fire escape shall be sufficient if Enforcement. Equipment. SEC. 6. The owner or owners of any building designated in this act, whether individual, firm or corporation, or the lessee or occupant thereof, or any school officer having charge of public property, who neglects or refuses to comply with any of the provisions of this act, shall be fined not exceeding two hundred dollars, and be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not less than one month nor more than two months; and in case of fire occurring in said building or buildings in the absence of such fire escape or escapes, the said person or persons, or corporation or public officials shall be liable in an action for damages with a penalty of five thousand dollars for the life of each person killed, in case of death, or for damages for personal injuries sustained in consequence of such fire breaking out in said building, and shall also be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not less than six months nor more than twelve months in the county jail; and such action for damages may be maintained by any person now authorized by law to sue as in other cases of similar injuries: Provided, That nothing in this act shall interfere with fire escapes now in use approved by the chief inspector. SEC. 7. The chief inspector of the department of inspection of the State is hereby charged with the enforcement of this act, and shall see that its provisions are observed and enforced, and for this purpose he or his deputies shall have free access at all reasonable hours to all buildings embraced herein, and the prosecuting attorney in each county of the State shall render all necessary legal assistance as may be required by said chief inspector in enforcing this act. CHAPTER 246.-Inspection of steam boilers. SECTION 1. It shall be the duty of every person, firm or corporation owning or using or causing to be used any steam boiler for generating steam to be applied to machinery in all industrial institutions subject to inspection by the department of inspection, shall [sic] provide them with a full complement of gauge cocks, some visible means of indicating the water level, one steam gauge, one fusible plug properly inserted, one safety valve, all to be kept in good working order (the area of said valve, if known as a pop valve, shall be in the ratio of one square inch of area to three square feet of grate surface), a lever and ball safety valve in the ratio of one square inch of area to two square feet of grate surface: Provided, That fusible plugs shall be required only in boilers having crown sheets. SEC. 2. The owner, agent, manager, or lessee of any boiler or boilers Inspection. described in section 1 of this act, of 10 or more horse power, shall cause such boiler or boilers to be inspected, internally, once in six months by a practical boiler maker of not less than five years' experience; or a practical steam engineer who has had not less than ten years' experience with steam boilers carrying not less than seventy (70) pounds pressure per square inch; or by a boiler inspector of any company doing business under the laws of the State, who shall furnish to the owner, agent, or lessee of such boiler a certificate of inspection stating the kind and showing the condition of said boiler, the connections, and maximum pressure to be carried by said boiler; such certificate to be retained in the office of said establishment and to be shown to the chief inspector of the department of inspection or his deputy when required. SEC. 3. Every boiler house in which a boiler, or nest, or battery of boilers is placed shall be provided with a steam gauge or gauges, properly connected with the boilers, and where the engine is in a separate room, or more than forty feet distant from the gauge or nearest boiler, shall have another gauge attached to the steam pipe, so the engineer can readily ascertain the pressure carried. The safety valves of steam boilers subject to inspection under this act shall be loaded to sustain only the maximum pressure allowed by said certificate of inspection. Steam gauges, etc. SEC. 4. The prosecuting attorney of any county of this State is Enforcement. hereby required upon request of the chief inspector of the department of inspection, his deputy or any other person of full age, to commence and prosecute to a termination before any court of competent jurisdiction, in the name of the State, actions or proceedings against any person, firm or corporation reported to him to have violated the provisions of this act. SEC. 5. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to Penalty. knowingly operate any aforesaid boilers except as provided for in this act, and for the violation of section 1 or 3 a fine of not less than ten dollars ($10) nor more than twenty-five dollars ($25) shall be assessed for each offense. Each day such violation or violations continue shall constitute a separate offense. Any person, firm or corporation knowngly failing to comply with section 2 of this act, or any order issued by the department of inspection in accordance therewith, shall be fined not less than twenty-five dollars ($25) nor more than one hundred dollars ($100). IOWA. CODE OF 1897 AND SUPPLEMENT OF 1902. Protection of employees on street railways-Inclosed platforms. Platforms to be SECTION 768. * * Every person, partnership, company or cor- tion of employees operating such cars. Any violation of this section Penalty. Time to vote to be allowed employees. SECTION 1123. Any person entitled to vote at a general election shall, Two hours to on the day of such election, be entitled to absent himself from any sery- be allowed. ices in which he is then employed for a period of two hours, between the time of opening and closing the polls, which period may be des ignated by the employer, and such voter shall not be liable to any penalty, nor shall any deduction be made from his usual salary or wages, on account of such absence, but application for such absence shall be made prior to the day of election. Any employer who shall Attempting to refuse to an employee the privilege, conferred by this section, or shall influence voter. subject such employee to a penalty or reduction of wages because of the exercise of such privilege, or shall in any manner attempt to influence or control such employee as to how he shall vote, by offering any reward, or threatening discharge from employment, or otherwise intimidating or attempting to intimidate such employee from exercising his right to vote, shall be punished by a fine of not less than five nor more than one hundred dollars. Penalty. Peddlers' license-Exemptions. SECTION 1347a. Peddlers plying their vocation outside a city or town, shall pay an annual county tax of not less than one dollar nor more than fifty dollars as the board of supervisors of any county may provide for that county. * Nothing in this section shall be held to apply to parties selling their own work or production either by themselves or employees, * * * * * Hours of labor on public roads. SECTION 1535. Eight hours' service for a man, or man and team, shall be required for a day's work; * * * Incorporation of labor organizations, etc. * SECTION 1642. Any three or more persons of full age, a majority of whom shall be citizens of the State, may incorporate themselves for the establishment of * * trades' unions or other labor organizations, * ** by signing, acknowledging, and filing for record with the county recorder of the county where the principal place of business is to be located, articles of incorporation, stating the name by which the corporation or association shall be known, which shall not be the same as that of any such organization previously existing, its business or objects, the number of trustees, directors, managers or other officers to conduct the same, and the names thereof for the first year. SEC. 1643. Upon filing such articles, the persons signing and acknowledging the same, and their associates and successors, shall become a body corporate, with the name therein stated, and may sue and be sued. It may have a corporate seal, alterable at its pleasure, and may take by gift, purchase, devise or bequest real and personal property for purposes appropriate to its creation, and may make bylaws. Corporations so organized shall endure for fifty years, unless a shorter period is fixed in the articles, or they are sooner dissolved by three-fourths vote of all the members thereof, or by act of the general assembly, or by operation of law. Liability of railroad companies for injuries to employees. SECTION 2071. Every corporation operating a railway shall be liable for all damages sustained by any person, including employees of such corporation, in consequence of the neglect of the agents, or by any mismanagement of the engineers or other employees thereof, and in consequence of the willful wrongs, whether of commission or omission, of such agents, engineers or other employees, when such wrongs are in any manner connected with the use and operation of any railway on or about which they shall be employed, and no contract which restricts such liability shall be legal or binding. Nor shall any contract of insurance, relief, benefit, or indemnity in case of injury or death, entered into prior to the injury, between the person so injured and such corporation, or any other person or association acting for such corporation, nor shall the acceptance of any |