72 LATIN AND GREEK GRAMMAR. 4. It is used in sentences which imply iteration or indefinite frequency. 5. It is the mood of subordinate clauses in Oratio Obliqua. CONSECUTION OF TENSES, CLAUSES ETC. 1. Primary tenses follow Primary, and Historical follow Historical. 2. The Primary tenses are Present, Future, Perfect Historical tenses are Pluperfect, Aorist. N.B. The Perfect Indefinite or Perfect without have in Latin is equivalent to the Greek Aorist. 3. The Optative mood in Greek supplies the Historical tenses of the Subjunctive; i.e. all the optative tenses are historical, all the subjunctive primary. N.B. The three marks of a historical tense in Greek are: 1. Augment; 2. Dual in -ŋv; 3. Third person sing. and plur. of middle and passive in -0. Of these marks the optative has the two latter. 4. A wish may be expressed in Greek by pure optative, or with peor etc.; in Latin by utinam etc., with subjunctive, or rarely by subjunctive alone. Conditional Clauses. The following are the more ordinary types. I. Possibility, i.e. when the condition is assumed. εἰ τοῦτο λέγεις, ἁμαρτάνεις If you say this, you err Si hoc dicis, erras εἰ τοῦτο λέγεις, ἁμαρτήσει If you say this, you will err Si hoc dices, errabis II. Slight Probability, i.e. when there is a slight reason to expect the fulfilment of the condition. ἐὰν τοῦτο λέγης, ἁμαρτήσει If you say this, you will err Si hoc dicas, errabis ἐὰν τοῦτο λέξῃς, ἁμαρτάνεις Si hoc dicas, erras If you say this, you err FOR UNPREPARED TRANSLATION.. 15 (b) Accepi tuas literas, quas legi libentissime plenissimas amoris, humanitatis, officii, diligentiae. His igitur respondebo: sic enim postulas. Recentissimas te meas literas habere ais, et scire vis tuas ego quas acceperim. Quaedam ab Appio constituta rescidi. Stomachatur ille. Hoc idem est ac si medicus, cum aegrotus alii medico traditus sit, irasci velit ei medico, qui sibi successerit, si, quae ipse in curando constituerit, mutet ille. CICERO, Epist. DEBUERAS ABSTINUISSE, CAPER. (c) Vite nocens rosa stabat moriturus ad aras hircus, Bacche, tuis victima grata sacris. MARTIAL, iii. 24. FOENUM HABET IN CORNU.-DEVICE OF 21. Primis tenebris silentio mota castra; boves aliquanto ante signa acti. ubi ad radices montium viasque angustas ventum est, signum extemplo datur, ut accensis cornibus armenta in adversos concitentur montes. et metus ipse relucentis flammae ex capite, calorque, iam ad vivum ad imaque cornuum adveniens, velut stimulatos furore agebat boves. quo repente discursu, haud secus quam silvis montibusque accensis, omnia circum virgulta ardere: capitumque irrita quassatio, excitans flammam, hominum passim discurrentium speciem praebebat. qui ad transitum saltus insidendum locati erant, ubi WORKS ON LAW. & POLITICAL SCIENCE. REMARKS on the USE and ABUSE of SOME POLITICAL TERMS. By the late Right Hon. Sir GEORGE CORNEWALL LEWIS, Bart., sometime Student of Christ Church, Oxford. A New Edition, with Notes and Appendix. By Sir ROLAND KNIVET WILSON, Bart., M.A., Barrister-at-Law; late Fellow of King's College, Cambridge; Author of 'History of Modern English Law.' Crown 8vo. 6s. FROM THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. 'The value of the book for educational purposes consists not so much in its positive results, as in the fact that it opens a vein of thought which the student may usefully follow out to any extent for himself, and that it affords an instructive example of a thoughtful, scientific, and in the best sense academical style of treating political questions. 'With regard to my own annotations, the object which I have chiefly kept in view has been to direct attention to such later writings as have expressly undertaken to fix the scientific meaning of the political terms here discussed, and above all "Austin's Lectures on Jurisprudence," to which the present work may be considered as a kind of companion volume.' ELEMENTARY QUESTIONS in POLITICAL ECONOMY, with References to Adam Smith, Ricardo, John Stuart Mill, Fawcett, An ANALYSIS of ADAM SMITH'S INQUIRY into the [In preparation. JAMES THORNTON, HIGH STREET, OXFORD. |