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Salem witchcraft culminates. There is seen, approaching by the railway, a bleak and rocky eminence bestrewn with a little soil. On the summit is a tolerably level area of several acres. Not a tree was growing on it when I was there. The bleak winds sweep over it without hinderance. John Adams

mentions a visit to this bill in 1766, then called Witchcraft Hill. In 1793, Dr. Morse notes that the graves might still be traced." Drake.

Wivern, The. An armor-plated ship of the British navy. It was launched Aug. 27, 1863.

Woburn Abbey. The seat of the Duke of Bedford, near the town of Woburn, Bedford, England. The modern mansion, which is of the last century, includes a part of the ancient abbey from which it derives its name.

4 "He [an American] would sooner have built Jones's tenth block, with a prospect of completing a twen tieth, than settle himself down at rest for life as the owner of a Chatsworth or a Woburn." Trollope.

Over this seems to lie a certain tenderness for humanity in general, bred out of life-long trial. I should say, but sharply streaked with fiery lines of wrath, at various individual acts of wrong, especially if they come in an ecclesiastical shape, and recall to him the days when his mother's great-grandmother was strangled Witch Hill, with a text from the Old Tes- Wokey Hole. A remarkable and romantic cavern, near Glastonbury, England.

ment for her halter.

on

Holmes.

Witch House. An ancient house in Salem, Mass., one of the oldest, if not the very oldest building, now standing in this part of the country. It is said to have been built in 1631. Here were tried persons suspected of witchcraft during the terrible delusion which spread over New England. A modern addition has been made to the building.

"In appearance the original house might have been transplanted out of old London. Its peaked gables, with pine-apples carved in wood surmounting, its latticed windows and colossal chimney, put it unmistakably in the age of ruffs, Spanish cloaks, and long rapiers. It has long been divested of its antique English character, now appearing no more than a reminiscence of its former self." Drake. Witch of Endor. A picture by Washington Allston (1779-1843). Wittinagemot Club. The name Wittinagemot was applied to a corner box of the coffee-room of the Chapter Coffee-house in Paternoster Row, London, noted, in the eighteenth century, as a favorite resort of publishers, booksellers, men of letters, and others. The Chapter Coffee-house, also famed for its newspapers, pamphlets, and for its punch, was altered into a tavern in 1854. Twelve Wittlesbach Ancestors. statues, so called, in the Hall of the Throne, in the New Palace of Munich, Bavaria.

A picture by Peter Wolf Hunt. Paul Rubens (1577-1640), and considered one of his most magnificent works. It was once in the collection of Lord Ashburton, England.

Wolf of the Capitol. A famous
bronze figure of unknown anti-
quity in the Capitol at Rome.
Some regard this as the bronze
wolf described by Dionysius as
standing at the temple of Romu-
lus under the Palatine; while
others consider that it is one re-
ferred to by Cicero in one of his
harangues against Catiline, which
was struck by lightning in the
time of that orator, and which is
also commemorated by Virgil in
his well-known lines. The wolf
is undoubtedly ancient, but the
twins are modern.

And thou, the thunder-stricken nurse of
Rome!

She-wolf! whose brazen-imaged dugs im-
part

The milk of conquest yet within the dome
Where, as a monument of antique art,
Thou standest: Mother of the mighty

heart,

Which the great founder suck'd from thy wild teat,

Scorch'd by the Roman Jove's ethereal

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Woman sick with the Dropsy. A picture by Gerard Dow (16131674?), the Dutch genre-painter, and considered to be his masterpiece. It is in the National Gallery, London. There is another in the Louvre, Paris. Woman taken in Adultery. celebrated picture by Rembrandt van Ryn (1607-1669), the Dutch painter. It is now in the National Gallery, London.

A

"In this work a touching truthfulness and depth of feeling, with every other grand quality peculiar to Rembrandt, are seen in their highest perfection." Handbook of Painting. Women of Algiers. A noted picture by Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix (1799-1863), the celebrated French historical painter. This picture, which appeared in 1834, procured for the artist a high reputation as a colorist.

Wonders of the World. See SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD. Woodland. A cemetery in Philadelphia, Penn., with many fine and costly monuments. Woodlawn. miles from New York, containing A cemetery a few fine monuments. Woodward Avenue. One of the principal streets in Detroit, Mich. Woodward's Gardens. A pleasure-resort in San Francisco, Cal.

Woolwich Arsenal.

The largest

depot of military stores in the world, at Woolwich, near London. It covers an area of more than 100 acres, and contains over 20,000 pieces of ordnance, besides a great variety of warlike material.

Wood Street. A street in London,

which has now disappeared.

At the corner of Wood Street when daylight appears,

Hangs a thrush that sings loud, it has sung for three years;

Poor Susan has passed by the spot, and
has heard

In the silence of morning the song of the
Wordsworth.

bird.

Woolsack, The. A large sack of

wool covered with red cloth, the seat of the Lord Chancellor of England in the House of Lords.

Consider... if it is not yet, in these last days, by very much the same means that the like result is brought about: and from the Woolsack down to the Treadmill, from Almack's to Chalk Farm and the West-end of Newgate, the incongruous whirlpool of life is forced and induced to whirl with some attempt at regularity? Carlyle.

That he who sat in Chancery, and rayed out speculation from the Woolsack, was now a man that squinted, now a man that did not squint? Carlyle.

Wooster, Fort.

TER.

See FORT Woos

Worcester College. A college in Oxford, England, founded in 1714, one of the 19 colleges which are included in the university.

At Worcester College an ample sheet of water, on which swans float, moistens with its slow undulations the greensward constellated with flowers. Taine, Trans. Worcester House. A noble mansion which formerly stood in the Strand, London, the residence of Worksop Manor. The seat of the the Bishops of Carlisle. Duke of Norfolk, near the town World, The. of Worksop, England. club.

An old London

"There was a club held at the King's Head, in Pall Mall, that arrogantly called itself The World."

Spence's Anecdotes.

a

On one occasion, after dinner, when each member proposed an epigram to be written upon the glasses, Dr. Young, who was present as guest, refused to make one because he had no diamond with which to write it, whereupon Lord Stanhope handed him his, and he immediately wrote the following:

Accept a miracle, instead of wit:

See two dull lines with Stanhope's pencil
writ.

Worms Cathedral. A noble cathe-
dral in Worms, Germany, re-
garded as one of the finest Ro-
manesque churches in the world.
It has ten towers.

Worsley Hall.

The seat of the Earl of Ellesmere, near Manchester, England.

Wotton House. A mansion in Surrey, England, once the residence of John Evelyn. It was built in the age of Elizabeth. John Evelyn describes the house

as

"large and ancient, suitable to those hospitable times, and so sweetly environed with delicious streams and venerable woods. It has rising grounds, meadows, woods, and water in abundance."

Wounded Gladiator. A famous relic of ancient sculpture. Now in the Museum at Naples. See BORGHESE GLADIATOR and DYING GLADIATOR.

Wrestlers, The. [Ital. I Lottatori.] An ancient statue, now in the Tribune of the Uffizi Palace, Florence, Italy.

"In the famous group of the Wrestlers, the flexibility of the intwined limbs, the force of the muscles, and the life and action of the figures are wonderful; . . . their fixed, im.

movable countenances have no marks even of that corporeal exertion, much less of that eager animation and pas sion, which men struggling with each other in the heat of contest would naturally feel." Eaton.

Wyandotte Cave. A noted cavern in Crawford County, Indiana, thought to be not much inferior in interest to the famous Mammoth Cave in Kentucky. It has been explored over 20 miles.

Wych Street. A London street, famous for the exploits of Jack Sheppard.

Wyndham Club. A club in London, so called from William Wyndham, a former occupant of the house, founded by Lord Nugent, "to secure a convenient and agreeable place of meeting for a society of gentlemen, all connected with each other by a common bond of literary or personal acquaintance."

Xanthian Marbles. See LYCIAN GALLERY.

X.

Xerxes, Hall of. A magnificent ruin in ancient Persepolis, regarded the finest building of which any remains exist in that part of the world.

"Presuming this structure to have been sculptured and painted as richly as others of its age and class, which it no doubt was, it must have been not only one of the largest, but one of the most splendid, buildings of antiquity. In plan it was a rectangle of about 300 feet by 350, and consequently covered 105,000 square feet; it was thus larger than the hypostyle hall at Karnac, or any of the largest

temples of Greece or Rome. It is larger, too, than any medieval cathedral except that of Milan; and although it has neither the stone roof of a cathedral, nor the massiveness of an Egyp tian building, still its size and proportions, combined with the lightness of its architecture, and the beauty of its decorations, must have made it one of the most beautiful buildings ever erected. Both in design and proportion, it far surpassed those of Assyria, and though possessing much of detail or of ornament that was almost identical, its arrangements and proportions were so superior in every respect that no similar building in Nineveh can be com pared with this the great architec tural creation of the Persian Empire." Fergusson.

Yale College.

Y.

An institution of learning in New Haven, Conn., chartered in 1701, and holding rank among the first colleges in the country. It includes the various departments of law, divinity, medicine, and art, which constitute a university.

Yardley Oak. A venerable oak in the parish of Yardley, England.

This sole survivor of a race

Of giant oaks, where once the wood
Rang with the battle or the chase,

In stern and lonely grandeur stood.
From age to age it slowly spread
Its gradual boughs to sun and wind;
From age to age its noble head

As slowly withered and declined.
James Montgomery.

Yellow Tower. The ruin of an
ancient abbey-church in Trim,
Meath County, Ireland.
Yellowstone. See GRAND CAÑON
OF THE YELLOWSTONE.

Yes, or No? A picture by John Everett Millais (b. 1829).

York, the finest structure of its kind in England. It was mostly built in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Its extreme length is 486 feet, length of transept 223 feet. It has a magnificent west front, flanked by two towers, 196 feet in height.

"Owing to the great width attempted for the nave, York has not the usual perfection of length affected by other English cathedrals, and loses in effect accordingly. Its great peculiarity is the simplicity and squareness of its plan." Fergusson.

In the history of art, it is a long way from a cromlech to York minster; yet all the intermediate steps may still be traced Emerson. in this all-preserving island.

If there were a building on it [the moon] as big as York minster, as big as the Boston Coliseum, the great telescopes like Lord Rosse's would make it out.

Holmes.

Open your gates, ye everlasting piles! Types of the spiritual church which God hath reared,

Thou, state y York! and ye, whose splendors cheer

Isis and Cam, to patient science dear! Wordsworth.

Yester House. The seat of the York Place. The name by which
Marquis of Tweeddale, near
Longniddry in Scotland.

York Column. A pillar of Scotch granite in Carlton House Gardens, London, 124 feet high, surmounted by a statue of the Duke of York, second son of George III.

York House. A former palace of London, so called from the Archbishops of York. Here Lord Bacon was born in 1560. York House was finally sold and removed. Its" Watergate on the Thames still remains.

"There was a costly magnificence in the fetes at York House, the residence of Buckingham, of which few but curious researchers are aware: they eclipsed the splendors of the French Court." Isaac Disraeli. York Minster. A noble church at

the palace of Whitehall, in London, was formerly known, from the circumstance that the Archbishops of York resided there when in town. The last Archbishop of York who lived there was Cardinal Wolsey; and on his fall, in 1529, the name was changed to White Hall.

You must no more call it York-Place, that is past:

For since the Cardinal fell, that title's lost:

ball.

'Tis now the king's, and called WhiteShakespeare. Yosemite Valley. 1. A picture by Albert Bierstadt (b. 1829). Now in possession of Mr. James Lenox.

2. A picture by Thomas Hill (b. 1829).

Young Bull. See BULL, THE YOUNG.

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