ulating the representation of each State, .... iv. the apportionment is governed by the same rule as that for the levy of direct taxes,.... v. they are not considered as property merely, in the laws of the States which possess them,... 880 vi. the right of representation of property as well as of persons, considered,...... vii. the votes in the Congress which are allowed to the several States should be proportioned to the comparative wealth of those States,... 382 b. there will be no inducement for falsifying the cen- sus, as the measure for representation is also the a. the importance which is attached to this subject,... 384 b. the difficulty of determining the proper number,.... 385 ii. the objects of Fœderal legislation considered,... 391 A. "a very few representatives will be very suf- ficient vehicles of information concerning commerce to the Fœderal councils," ........ 392 D. nothing in the above reasons will conflict with the necessity, before referred to, for general information in the representative,... 393 iii. the experience of Great Britain referred to,... 394 iii. it will tend to the aggrandizement of the few at the expense of the many,... ...........LVI. 396 ii. the members of the House will be elected by all classes and conditions of citizens,...... D. the frequent election compelling them to remember their dependence on the Peo- E. the measures adopted must operate on them- v. the provisions for electing members, and their qualifications for office, similar to those of the State constitutions for State officers,........ 400 vi. the relative numbers of the constituencies no C. the doctrine is not warranted by facts,. 401 401 401 402 402 402 f. State representatives in Pennsylvania,..... 402 g. the upper house of the Assembly of Connecticut, 403 h. the Governor of Connecticut,. 403 403 403 403 i. the Governor of Massachusetts,. j. the Governor of New York,.. iv. "the number of its members will not be augment- ..LVII. 403 i. the provisions of the State constitutions compared with those of the proposed Constitution,...... 403 ii. the practice of the State governments considered,... 404 iii. the peculiar organization of the Congress will induce watchfulness on this subject,.... ... 404 A. the large States, in the House, can control the small ones, and compel their acquies cence,.. 404 a. objection, that the Senate may object and prevent such an augmentation, answered, 405 1. there is no probability that the House, representing the majority of the People, could be successfully resisted,.. 405 2. the consciousness of the House being supported by right, reason, and the Constitution, will check the Senate,......... 405 3. it is not certain that a majority of the Senate would oppose such an augmentation,... 406 4. senators from the new States will, proba- 6. the Senate will be more ready to yield, iv. considerations against a numerous House of Representatives, . v. objection that a majority of the members of each 408 ... 409 F. the authority vested in the Congress to regulate, in the last resort, the election of the members of the House of Representatives, considered,.. ..LVIII. 410 a. introductory remarks,... 410 b. "every government ought to contain in itself the means of its own preservation,". 411 ...... i. the different depositaries of power to control the 411 ii. the exact character and extent of the delegated 411 c. "the existence of the Union would be entirely at the mercy of the State governments," if the regulation of elections for the Fœderal government is left entirely in their hands,.... i. the right of self-preservation in the State govern- 411 412 ii. objection, that the retention of authority in the 413 ... 414 ii. it is less hazardous, from the peculiar organiza- 415 .LIX. 416 d. objection, the Congress may thereby "promote the election of some favorite class of men in exclusion of others," considered,... i. the improbability that such a purpose would be carried out through this channel, discussed,.... 416 ii. the certainty that, if attempted, it would be corrected by "an immediate revolt of the great body of the People, headed and directed by the State governments," averred and discussed,.... 417 iii. the dissimilarity of the organization of the Senate Essay Page and the House a security against an improper exercise of this authority,..... ......No. LIX. 417 iv. there can be no conceivable motive for such an attempt on the part of Congress,.. v. inquiry concerning the relative weight of influ- vi. the qualifications, both of the electors and the 418 419 421 vii. the certainty of a general revolt against such an assumption of authority further discussed, and the necessity of a military power to insure success to the attempt considered,...... 422 e. objection, that this provision should have been accompanied by a provision that all elections shall be held within the counties where the electors reside, considered,..... i. such a provision would be harmless,. .LX. 423 ..... ii. it would afford no security from the danger appre- iii. the provision compared with provisions concern- 423 423 424 ........ 424 ii. defects in the State constitutions no apology for 425 f. the probability that such authority in the Congress, 426 i. the want of any provision in the proposed Consti- 427 ii. concluding remarks,. 427 c. the Senate,.. .LXI. 428 A. "the qualifications of senators" considered,. .428 429 C. "the equality of representation in the Senate considered,... a. the mixed character of the Fœderal government re- b. the equal representation in the Senate a recognition · 430 |