TUBEROSITY osa.] An odoriferous plant with a tuberous root, the Polianthes tuberosa. It is a favourite flower, and much cultivated. In this country it requires artificial protection and heat. See POLIANTHES. Tuberosity (tü-beros'i-ti), n. 1. State of being tuberous.-2. A swelling or prominence. Starched ruffs, buckram stuffings, and monstrous tuberosities. Carlyle. Specifically, in anat, a projection or elevation on a bone, having a rough, uneven surface, to which muscles and ligaments are attached. Tuberous (tü'bêr-us), a. [See TUBEROSE, a.] 1. Covered with knobby Tube-well (tub'wel), n. An apparatus for quickly obtaining a limited supply of water, and consisting of a cylindrical iron tube, having a sharp point of solid tempered steel, and perforated immediately above the point with many small holes. This, by means of a rammer or monkey, is driven into the earth till symptoms of water appear, when a small suction-pump is applied to the tube, and the water pumped up. By means of it water is got very quickly from small depths. Tub-fast (tub'fast), n. A process of treatment for the cure of venereal disease by sweating in a heated tub for a considerable time, during which the patient had to observe strict abstinence. Shak. Tub-fish (tub'fish), n. A local name for the sapphirine gurnard (Trigla hirundo). Tubful (tub'ful), n. A quantity sufficient to fill a tub; as much as a tub will hold. Tubicinate (tu-bis'in-at), v.i. [L. tubicen, a trumpeter, from tuba, a trumpet.] To blow a trumpet. [Rare.] Tubicolæ (tú-bik'o-le), n.pl. [L. tubus, a tube, and colo, to inhabit, live, or dwell in.] 1. A family of spiders, which inclose themselves in a silken tube, strengthened externally by leaves or other foreign substances. It includes two genera, Dysdera and Segestria.2. An order of annelids, comprehending those which live in calcareous tubes, composed of secretions from the animal itself, as in Serpula (which see); in tubes composed of sand and fragments of shell connected together by a glutinous secretion, as in Terebella (which see); or in a tube composed of granules of うど Tubicolæ. 1, Terebella variabilis. 2, Serpula contortuplicata. 3. Sabella protula. 4, Spirorbis nautilioides. sand and mud, as in Sabella (which see); or in membranous tubes, as the less known genera Pectinaria, Phoronis, &c. Reproduction in the Tubicolæ is generally sexual, the sexes being in different individuals, but spontaneous fissure has also been observed. As regards their development the young pass through a distinct metamorphosis. Tubicolar (tú-bik'o-lèr), a. Of or pertaining to the Tubicola. H. A. Nicholson. Tubicole (tu'bi-kōl), n. An annelid of the order Tubicolæ. Tubicolidæ (tü-bi-kol'i-dē), n. pl. [See TuBICOLE.] A family of lamellibranchiate mollusca deriving their name from being connected when fully grown with a long cal Tubipore (tu'bi-pōr), n. A member of the family Tubiporidae, or organ-pipe coral. See TUBIPORIDE. The name for An annelid of Tubiporida (tu-bi-por'i-dē), n. pl. [L. tubus, a tube, and porus, a pore.] The organ-pipe corals, a family of Actinozoa or corals, order Alcyonaria, comprehending those which are provided with internal ovaries, and eight pinnated tentacula, and contained in elongated cylindrical cells, which are calcareous or coriaceous, and attached by their base. They have their name from the coral consisting of a cluster of small tubes or pipes of a reddish colour, each tube being the abode of a polype. Tubiporite (tu'bi-por-it), n. merly given to Syringopora. Tubivalve (tu'bi-valv), the order Tubicolidæ. Tub-man (tub'man), n. A barrister who has a preaudience in the exchequer division of the high court, and also a particular place in court. See POSTMAN. Tub-preacher (tub'prech-ér), n. [Tub, a kind of pulpit, and preacher.] A contemptuous term for a dissenting minister; hence, a ranting, ignorant preacher. Bp. Hacket. Tubster (tub'stér), n. Same as Tub-preacher or Tub-thumper. Tom Brown. Tub-thumper (tub'thump-ér), n. A violent or gesticulating preacher; one who employs violent action to give effect or appearance of earnestness to his sermons: used in derision. [Slang.] Tubular (tū'bú-lér), a. [From L. tubulus, dim. of tubus, a tube.] Having the form of a tube or pipe; consisting of a pipe; fistular; as, a tubular snout.- Tubular boiler. See BOILER.-Tubular bridge. See BRIDGE. Tubularia (tu-bu-la'ri-a), n. A genus of Hydrozoa, of the sub-class Hydroida, order Corynidae or Tubularida. In this genus the hydrosome consists of clustered horny, straw-like tubes, each of which is filled with a soft, semi-fluid reddish coenosarc, and gives exit at its distal extremity to a single bright red unretractile polypite. Tubularian (tu-bu-la'ri-an), n. A member of the order Tubularida. Tubularida (tú-bu-lar'i-da), n. pl. Same as Corynidae. See also TUBULARIA. Tubulated, Tubulate (tü'bu-lat-ed, tū'būlat), a. 1. Made in the form of a small tube. 2. Furnished with a small tube.-Tubulated retort, a retort having a small tube furnished with a stopper, so placed above the bulb as to enable substances to be introduced into the retort without soiling the neck. A receiver with a similar tube and stopper is called a tubulated receiver. Tubulation (tu-bu-la'shon), n. The act of making hollow, as a tube, or the act of forming a tube. Tubulature (tü'bu-la-tür), n. [L. tubulus, a little tube.] The mouth or short neck at the upper part of a tubulated retort. Tubule (tu'bül), n. [L. tubulus, dim. of tubus, a tube.] A small pipe or fistular body. Woodward. Tubulibranchian (tü'bu-li-brang'ki-an), n. A mollusc of the order Tubulibranchiata. Tubulibranchiata (tü'bù-li-brang'ki-a"ta), n. pl. [L. tubulus, a tubule, and branchia, gills.] Cuvier's name, rarely used in modern TUCK zoology, for those gasteropods of which that part of the shell in which the branchia (and indeed the whole animal) are lodged is a more or less regularly shaped tube, including the genera Vermetus, Magilus, and Siliquaria (which see). Tubulicola (tú-bu-lik'o-le), n. pl. Cuvier's name for an order of polyps inhabiting tubes of which the axis is traversed by the gelatinous flesh, and which are open at the summits or sides to give passage to the digestive sacs and prehensile mouths of the polyps. Tubulicole (tü'bú-li-kōl), n. A polyp of the order Tubulicolæ. Tubuliflora (tu'bü-li-flo"re), n. pl. [L. tubu lus, a little tube, and flos, floris, a flower.] One of the three sub-orders into which De Candolle divided the Compositæ, including those species which have all, or at least the central, florets of each head regular and tubular. It comprises the Corymbiferæ and Cynarocephala of Jussieu. Tubuliform (tū'bú-li-form), a. [L. tubulus, a tubule, and forma, form.] Having the form of a small tube. Tubulose (tū'bu-lōs), a. Resembling a tube or pipe; fistular; tubular; tubulous. Tubulous (tü'bu-lus), a. Resembling a tube or pipe; longitudinally hollow; tubular; specifically, in bot. (a) containing small tubes; composed wholly of tubulous florets; as, a tubulous compound flower. (b) Having a bell-shaped border, with five reflex segments, rising from a tube; as, a tubulous floret. Tubulure (tū'bū-lür), n. In chem. a short open tube at the top of a retort. Tubulus (tü'bu-lus), n. pl. Tubuli (tü'bu-li). [L.] A little tube or pipe; in anat. a minute duct, as the tubuli lactiferi, or milk ducts. Tuburcinia (tu-ber-sin'i-a), n. A genus of moulds. T. scabies is known by the name of potato-scab. Tub-wheel (tub'whel), n. A horizontal water-wheel, usually in the form of a short cylinder, with a series of floats placed radially attached to its rim, turned by the impact or percussion of one or more streams of water so directed as to strike each float as it passes. Tucett (tu'set), n. A steak. Tucets or gobbets of condíted bull's flesh.' Jer. Taylor. See TUCKET. Tucht (tuch), n. Same as Touch, a kind of marble. Tuck+ (tuk), n. [Probably from Fr. estoc, a long sword (with falling away of initial s as in ticket); Sp. estoque, It. stocco; all from G. stock, a stick. Comp., however, W. twca, a knife, twc, a cut or chip; Ir. tuca, a rapier.] A long narrow sword; a rapier. Shak Tuck (tuk), n. [From tuck, to draw.] 1. A pull; a lugging. A. Wood.-2. A kind of net. The tuck is narrower meshed and therefore scarce lawful with a long bunt in the midst. Rich. Carew. 3. Naut. the part where the ends of the bottom planks are collected under the stern. 4. A fold in a dress; a horizontal fold made in the skirt of a garment or dress, in order to accommodate it to the height of a growing person, or for ornamental purposes.-5. Food, especially sweet-stuff, pastry, &c. T. Hughes. [Slang.] Tuck (tuk), n. [From tucket.] The sound produced by beating a drum; beat. Leslie's foot and Leven's troopers Marching to the tuck of drum. Aytoun. Tuck (tuk), v.t. [Same word as L.G. tucken. G. zucken, to draw in or together, to shrug; Sw. tocka, to draw, to contract. Same root as E. tug.] 1. To thrust or press in or together; to fold in or under; to gather up; as, to tuck up a bed; to tuck up a garment; to tuck in the skirt of anything. She tucked up her vestments like a Spartan virgin, and marched directly forwards to the utmost summit Addison. of the promontory. 2. To inclose by pushing the clothes close around; as, to tuck a child into a bed. I declare you ought to go back to your schoolroom in Virginia again; have your black nurse to tuck you up in bed. Thackeray. 3. To gobble up; to eat: usually with in. [Slang.]-4. To string up; to hang. The hangman... then calmly tucked up the criminal. Richardson. 5. To full, as cloth. [Local.] Tuck (tuk), v.i. To contract; to draw together. An ulcer discharging a nasty thin ichor, the edges tuck in, and growing skinned and hard, give it the name of a callous ulcer. Sharp. TUCKAHOE Tuckahoe (tuk'a-ho), n. It is [American Indian word for bread. ] A singular vegetable found in the southern seaboard states of the North American Union, growing underground, like the European truffle. also called Indian bread and Indian loaf. It is referred to a genus Pachyma of spurious fungi, but in all probability it is a peculiar condition of some root, though of what plant has not been properly ascertained. Tucker (tuk'èr), n. 1. One who or that which tucks.-2. An ornamental frilling of lace or muslin round the top of a woman's dress and descending to cover part of the bosom.-3. A fuller. [Local.] Tucket (tuk'et), n. [It. toccata, a prelude, toccato, a touch, from toccare, to touch. See TOUCH.] A flourish on a trumpet; a fanfare. Shak. Tuckett (tuk'et), n. [It. tocchetto, a ragout of fish or flesh, from tocco, a bit, a morsel; perhaps from root of touch.] A steak; a collop. Tucketsonance (tuk'et-so-nans), n. The sound of the tucket. Let the trumpets sound Mark The tucketsonance and the note to mount. Shak. Tuck-net (tuk'net), n. A small net used to take out fish from a larger one. Tuck-pointing (tuk'point-ing), n. ing the joints of brickwork with a narrow parallel ridge of fine white putty. Tuck-shop (tuk'shop), n. A shop where tuck, that is food, particularly sweet-stuffs, pastry, &c., is sold. T. Hughes. [Slang.] Tucum (ty'kum), n. [The name given by the Indians of Brazil.] A species of palm (Astrocaryum vulgare) of great importance to the Brazilian Indians, who make cordage, bowstrings, fishing-nets, &c., from the fine durable fibre consisting of the epidermis of its unexpanded leaves. Hammocks, hats, fans, &c., are also fabricated of this thread. Where not indigenous the tree is cultivated with care. The name is also given to the fibre or thread. Tucu-tucu (ty'ku-tu-ku), n. The Ctenomys braziliensis, a small rodent animal, native of South America. It is of nocturnal habits, lives almost entirely underground, forming extensive burrows near the surface, and is about the size of the common water-rat, but with fur like that of a squirrel. It receives its name in imitation of the sound it utters. Tudas (tu'das), n. pl. Same as Todas. Tudor (tu'dor), a. [W. Tewdyr, Theodore.] 1. Of, pertaining, or relating to an English royal line founded by Owen Tudor of Wales, who married the widowed queen of Henry V. The first of the Tudor sovereigns was Henry VI., the last Elizabeth.-2. Of, pertaining, or belonging to the Tudor style of architecture; as, a Tudor window or arch. Tudorchimneyed bulk of mellow brickwork.' Tennyson.-Tudor style, in arch. a name frequently applied to the latest Gothic style in England, being the last phase of the crest or ornamental finishing on cornices, ridges, &c. Tuefall (tü'fal), n. [A corruption from tofall-to and fall.] A building with a sloping roof on one side only; a pent-house. Written more properly To-fall. Tue-iron (tù'i-èrn), n. 1. Same as Tuyère. 2. pl. A pair of blacksmiths' tongs. Tuelt (tu'el), n. [Lit. a pipe. See TEWEL.] The anus. Tuesday (tuz'da), n. [A. Sax. Tiwesdag, that is, Tiw's day, the day of Tiw, the Northern Mars, or god of war. (See TIU.) So Icel. týsdagr (Sc. tiseday), tyrsdagr, Św. tisdag, Dan. tirsdag, D. dingsdag, G. dienstag. Comp. Thursday Thor's day.] The third day of the week. Tufa (tū'fa), n. [It. tufa, Fr. tuf, a kind of porous stone, from L. tophus, tuff, tufa.] In geol. a term originally applied to a light porous rock composed of cemented scoriæ and ashes, but now to any porous vesicular compound. See TUFF. Tufaceous (tu-fa'shus), a. Pertaining to tufa; consisting of tufa or tuff, or resembling it. Tuff (tuf), n. [See TUFA.] The name originally given to a kind of volcanic rock, consisting of accumulations of scoria and ashes about the crater of a volcano, which are agglutinated together so as to make a coherent or solid mass. Sometimes tuff is composed of volcanic ashes and sand, transported and deposited by rain-water. The name is now applied to any porous vesicular compound; thus rounded fragments of greenstone, basalt, and other trap rocks, cemented into a solid mass, are termed trap-tuff, while a vesicular carbonate of lime, generally deposited near the sources and along the courses of calcareous springs, incrusting and incorporating twigs, moss, shells, and other objects that lie in its way, is called calc-tuff. Tuffoon (tuf-fön'), n. A corruption of Ty phoon. [Rare.] Tufftaffaty, n. Same as Tuf-taffeta. Tuft (tuft), n. [Formerly tuffe, from Fr. touffe, a tuft, a thicket or clump of trees, with addition of a t (comp. graft and graff); from the Teutonic: G. zopf, Icel. toppr, a tuft of hair E top. See TOP.] 1. A collection of small flexible or soft things in a knot or bunch; as, a tuft of flowers; a tuft of feathers; a tuft of grass or hair. Edged round with moss and tufts of matted grass. Dryden.-2. A cluster; a clump; as, a tuft of trees; a tuft of olives. Behind the tuft of pines I met them. Shak. 3. In bot. a head of flowers, each elevated on a partial stock, and all forming together a dense roundish mass. The word is sometimes applied to other collections, as little bundles of leaves, hairs, and the like.-4. In English universities, a young nobleman entered a student at a university: so called from the tuft on the cap worn by him. Several young tufts, and others of the faster men.' Hughes. [Slang.] T. Tuft (tuft), v.t. 1. To separate into tufts. 2. To adorn with or as with tufts or a tuft. To make old bareness picturesque And tuft with grass a feudal tower. Tennyson. Tuft (tuft), v.i. To grow in tufts; to form a tuft or tufts. Holland. Tuf-taffeta, Tuftaffatyt (tuf-taf'fe-ta, tuf-taf'fa-ti), n. A shaggy, long piled, or villous kind of silk fabric. Donne. Tufted (tuft'ed), p. and a. 1. Adorned with a tuft or tufts; as, the tufted duck. 2. Growing in tufts or clusters. Tufted trees and springing corn.' Pope. Tuft-hunter (tuft'hunt-ér), n. One who covets the society of titled persons; one who is willing to submit to the insolence of the great for the sake of the supposed honour Tudor Architecture, Hengrave Hall, Essex, 1538. Perpendicular, and sometimes known as Florid Gothic. The period of this style is from 1400 to 1537, but the term is sometimes extended so as to include the Elizabethan period also, which brings it down to 1603. It is the result of a combination of TULA-METAL of being in their company. The term took its rise at the English universities of Oxford and Cambridge, where the young noblemen wear a peculiarly formed cap with a tuft. [Slang.] At Eton a great deal of snobbishness was thrashed out of Lord Buckram, and he was birched with perfect impartiality. Even there, however, a select band of sucking tuft-hunters followed him. Thackeray. Tuft-hunting (tuft'hunt-ing), n. The practice of a tuft-hunter. Tufty (tuf'ti), a. 1. Abounding with tufts. "The tufty frith and mossy fell Drayton.-2. Growing in tufts. Tufty daisies.' W. Browne. Tug (tug), v. t. pret. & pp. tugged; ppr. tugging. [A. Sax. teôhan, teón, to tug or pull; pret. pl. tugon, pp. togen; Icel. toga, tjuga, to draw; G. zug, a pull, from stem of ziehen, to draw; Goth. tiuhan, to draw. Akin tow, tuck, L. duco. See DUKE.] 1. To pull or draw with great effort or with a violent strain; to haul with great labour or force. There sweat, there strain, tug the laborious oar.' Roscommon.-2. To pull; to pluck. To ease the pain, His tugg'd ears suffer'd with a strain. Hudibras. 3. To drag by means of a steam-tug; as, the vessel had to be tugged into port. Tug (tug), v.i. 1. To pull with great effort; as, to tug at the oar. We have been tagging a great while against the stream. 3. A sort of carriage, used in some parts of England for conveying bavins or faggots and other things.-4. A tug-boat. -5 A chain, strong rope, or leather strap used as a trace.-6. In mining, an iron hoop to which a tackle is affixed.-To hold tug.t to stand severe handling or hard work. -To hold one tug.t to keep one busily employed; to keep one in work. This was work enough for a curious and critical antiquary that would hold him tugg for a whole yeare. Life of A. Wood. Tug-boat (tug'bōt), n. A strongly built steam-boat, used for dragging sailing and other vessels. Such a boat is also sometimes called a Steam-tug. Tugger (tug'èr), n. with great effort. One who tugs or pulls Tuggingly (tug'ing-li), adv. With laborious pulling. Tug-iron (tug'i-èrn), n. The iron on the shaft of a wagon, to which the traces are attached. [United States.] Tuille, Tuillette (twil, twil-et'), n. [Fr. tuile, from L. tegula, a tile.] In milit. antiq. one of the guard plates appended to the tasses, to which they were frequently fastened by straps. They hung down and covered the upper part of the thigh, and were first introduced during the reign of Henry V. Tuilyie, Tuilzie (tül'ye), n. [See TooLYR] A broil; a quarrel; a skirmish. [Scotch.] He said that Callum Beg... and your honour were killed that same night in the fulvie Sir W Scott. Tuition (tu-i'shon), n. [L. tuitio, tuitionis, guardianship, from tueor, tuitus, to see, to look to.] 1. Guardianship; superintending care or keeping generally. Afterwards turning his speech to his wife and bis son, he commended them both with his king tom to the tuition of the Venetians. Knowies 2. The particular watch and care of a tutor or guardian over his pupil or ward - 3 Instruction; the act or business of teaching the various branches of learning. Whatever classical instruction Sir Joshua received was under the tuition of his father. Stalone. Tuitionary (tu-i'shon-a-ri), a. Pertaining to tuition. Tula (to'la), n. [Hind.] A native cooking-place in India. A plain... charred by campfires, and ragged with tulas or native cooking-places. Russell. Tula-metal (to'la-met-al), n. [From Tula, the Russian town where it is extensively made.] An alloy of silver, with small pro TULCHAN portions of lead and copper, forming the base of the celebrated Russian snuff-boxes popularly called platinum boxes. Tulchan, Tulchin (tulch'an, tulch'in), n. (Comp. Sc. tulchan, tulchet, an ill made up bundle; Gael. and Ir. tulach, a heap.] A calf's skin stuffed with straw, and set beside a cow, to make her give her milk: used formerly in Scotland.- Tulchan bishops, a name derisively applied to the persons appointed as titular bishops to the Scottish sees immediately after the Reformation, in whose names the revenues of the sees were drawn by the lay barons who had impropriated them. [Scotch.] Tule (to'la), n. [Sp.] A large club-rush or sedge, Scirpus validus,nat. order Cyperaceæ, which grows to a great height, and covers large tracts of marshy land in some parts of California. Tulip (tü'lip), n. [Fr. tulipe, from Sp. tulipa, tulipan, It. tulipano, a tulip, from Turk. tolipend, a name given to the flower on account of its resemblance to a turban. See TURBAN.] A genus of plants (Tulipa), nat. order Liliaceae. The species are herbaceous plants, developed from a bulb, inhabiting the warmer parts of Europe and Asia Minor, and are much cultivated for the beauty of the flowers. About forty species have been described, of which the most noted is the common garden tulip (T. gesneriana), a native of the Levant, and introduced into England about 1577. Upwards of 1000 varieties of this plant have been enumerated, and these varieties have been divided into four families, viz. bizarres (characterized by a yellow ground marked with purple or scarlet), bybloemens (a white ground variegated with violet or purple of various shades), roses (a white ground, marked with rose, scarlet, or crimson), and selfs (a white or yellow ground without any marks). Several other species are cultivated. The wild tulip (T. sylvestris) is a doubtful native of Britain, and grows in chalk pits and quarries. It has yellow flowers, and blooms in April and May. The sweet-scented tulip or Van Thol tulip (T. suaveolens), although far inferior as a flower to the common or garden tulip, is much prized for its fragrance, and for appearing more early in the season. It is much grown in pots in windows. Tulipist (tu'lip-ist), n. A cultivator of tulips. Tulipomania (tu'lip-o-ma"ni-a), n. [Tulip, and L. mania, madness. Beckman says the word was coined by Menage.] A violent passion for the cultivation or acquisition of tulips. This species of mania began to exhibit itself in Holland about the year 1634, when it seemed to seize on all classes like an epidemic, leading to disasters such as result from great financial catastrophes. Tulip-marts were established in Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Haarlem, Leyden, and other towns, where roots were sold and resold as stocks on the exchange. A single root of Semper Augustus was thought cheap at 5500 florins, and on one occasion 12 acres of building lots was offered for a single root of this species at Haarlem. The mania raged for several years till the government found it necessary to interfere. Dutch floriculturists still hold the tulip in especial esteem. Tulipomaniac (tu'lip-o-ma"ni-ak), n. One who is affected with tulipomania. Tulip-tree (tu'lip-tre), n. An American tree bearing flowers resembling the tulip, the Liriodendron tulipifera, nat. order Magnoliacea. It is one of the most magnificent Flower of Tulip-tree (Liriodendron tulipifera). of the forest trees in the temperate parts of North America. Throughout the States it is generally known by the name of poplar, white wood, or canoe-wood. It attains a height of from 80 to 140 feet, the trunk being from 3 to 8 or 9 feet in diameter. The 455 wood is light, compact, and fine-grained, and is employed for various useful purposes, such as the interior work of houses, coachpanels, door-panels, wainscots, mouldings of chimney-pieces, bedsteads, trunks, &c. The Indians of the Middle and Western States prefer this tree for their canoes. The bark, especially of the roots, has an aromatic smell and bitter taste, and has been used in medicine as a tonic and febrifuge. In this country the tulip-tree is cultivated as an ornamental tree. See LIRIODENDRON. Tulip-wood (tu'lip-wud), n. See PHYSOCA LYMMA. Tulle (tul), n. A kind of thin, open net, silk fabric, originally manufactured at Tulle in France, in narrow strips, and much used in female head-dresses, collars, &c. Tulle,t Tull,t v.t. [See TOLE.] To allure; to entice. Chaucer. Tullian (tul'li-an), a. [From Marcus Tullius Cicero, the great Roman orator.] Of, pertaining to, or resembling Tully or Cicero; Ciceronian. Tulwar (tul'war), n. [Hind.] The East Indian sabre. The wounds, many of them very serious and severe, Tumbeki (tum'bek-i), n. Scandinavian: Dan. tumle, Sw. tumla, to tumble, to toss, to reel, freq. forms allied to A. Sax. tumbian, to dance, which gives rise to meaning 3; allied also to D. tuimelen, to tumble, G. taumeln, to reel, to stagger. The word has passed from the Germanic into the Romance languages, hence Fr. tomber, to fall. See TUMBREL.] 1. To roll about by turning one way and the other; to toss; to roll; to pitch about; as, a person in pain tumbles and tosses; waves tumble. 'Hedgehogs which lie tumbling in my barefoot way." Shak.-2. To lose footing or support and fall to the ground; to come down suddenly and violently; to be precipitated; as, to tumble from a scaffold. 'To stand or walk, to rise or tumble. Prior. And here had fall'n a great part of a tower 3. To play mountebank tricks, by various have appeared impertinent; but I tumbled to' it immediately. Mayhew. Tumble (tum'bl), v.t. pret. & pp. tumbled; ppr. tumbling. 1. To turn over; to turn or throw about for examination or searching: often with over; as, to tumble over books or TUMOUR 2. A large drinking glass of a cylindrical form, or of the form of the frustum of an inverted cone: so called because formerly, from its base ending in a point, it could not be set down till completely empty of liquor; also, the contents of such a glass. The room was fragrant with the smell of punch, a tumbler of which grateful compound stood upon a Dickens. small round table. 3. A variety of the domestic pigeon, so called from his practice of tumbling or turning over in flight. It is a short-bodied pigeon, of a plain colour, black, blue, or white.4. A sort of dog, so called from his practice of tumbling before he attacks his prey. This kind of dog was formerly employed for catching rabbits.-5. A sort of spring-latch in a lock which detains the bolt so as to prevent its motion, until a key lifts it and sets the bolt at liberty.-6. A tumbrel. Sir W. Scott. 7. One of the religious sect known as Tunkers (which see). Tumblerful (tum'olér-ful), n. A quantity sufficient to fill a tumbler; as much as a tumbler can contain. Tumbling-bay (tum'bling-ba), n. An overfall or weir in a canal. Tumbling-net (tum'bling-net), n. See TRAMMEL-NET. Tumbrel, Tumbril (tum'brel, tum'bril), n. [O.Fr. tomberel, Fr. tombereau, a dung-cart, from tomber, to fall, from the body of the cart being capable of being turned up and the contents tumbled out without unyoking. See TUMBLE.] 1. A ducking stool formerly used for the punishment of scolding women. See DUCKING-STOOL.-2. A dungcart; a sort of low carriage with two wheels occasionally used by farmers for the most ordinary purposes. My corps is in a tumbril laid, among 3. A covered cart or carriage with two wheels, which accompanies troops or artillery, for conveying the tools of pioneers, cartridges, and the like.-4. A sort of circular cage or crib, made of osiers or twigs, used in some parts of England for feeding sheep in the winter. Tumefaction (tu-me-fak'shon), n. [L. tumefacio, to make tumid. See TUMID.] The act or process of swelling or rising into a tumour; a tumour; a swelling. Tumefac tions in the whole body or parts.' Arbuth not. Tumefy (tü'mē-fi), v. t. pret. & pp. tumefied; ppr. tumefying. [Fr. tuméfier, from L. tumefacio- tumeo, to swell, and facio, to make.] To swell or cause to swell or be tumid. To swell, tumefy, stiffen, not the diction only, but the tenor of the thought.' De Quincey. papers; to tumble over clothes. Tumbling Tumefy (tu'me-fi), v.i. To swell; to rise in it over and over in his thoughts.' Bacon. They tumble all their little quivers o'er To choose propitious shafts. Prior. 2. To disturb; to disorder; to rumple; as, to tumble a bed.-3. To throw by chance or violence. I learnt more from her in a flash Than if my brainpan were an empty hull, And every Muse tumbled a science in. Tennyson. 4. To throw down; to overturn or overthrow; to cast to the ground; to precipitate. 'To tumble down thy husband and thyself.' Shak. King Lycurgus, while he fought in vain His friend to free, was tumbled on the plain. Dryden. -To tumble in, in carp. to fit, as a piece of timber, into other work. Tumble (tum'bl), n. A fall; a rolling over. A country fellow got an unlucky tumble from a tree. Sir R. L'Estrange. Tumble-bug, Tumble-dung (tum'bl-bug, tum'bl-dung), n. A species of dung-beetle, the Coprobius volvens, common in the United States, which rolls about balls of dung containing its eggs. Tumble-down (tum'bl-doun), a. In a falling state; ruinous. 'Slovenly tumble-down cottages of villanous aspect.' Lord Lytton. [Colloq.] Tumble-home (tum'bl-hōm), n. Naut. the part of a ship which falls inward above the extreme breadth. Tumbler (tum'bler), n. 1. One who tumbles; one who plays the tricks of a mountebank, such as turning summersaults, walking on the hands, and the like. What incredible and astonishing actions do we find rope-dancers and tumblers bring their bodies to. Locke. a tumour. Tumescence (tu-mes'ens), n. The state of growing tumid; tumefaction. Tumid (tū'mid), a. [L. tumidus, from tumeo, to swell, from root tu, producing also tumulus, tumultus, tumor, tuber, &c., whence E. tumult, tumour, &c. Akin tomb.] 1. Being swelled, enlarged, or distended; as, a tumid leg; tumid flesh.-2. Protuberant; rising above the level. 'So high as heaved the tumid hills.' Milton.-3. Swelling in sound or sense; pompous; puffy; bombastic; falsely sublime; as, a tumid expression; a tumid style. Byron. Shall gentle Coleridge pass unnoticed here, To turgid ode and tumid stanza dear? Tumidity (tu-mid'i-ti), n. The state or quality of being tumid; a swelled state. Tumidly (tu'mid-li), adv. In a tumid manner or form. Tumidness (tū'mid-nes), n. A swelling or swelled state; tumidity. Tummals (tum'alz), n. [Probably a corruption of L. tumulus, a mound, a heap.] In mining, a heap, as of waste. See TUMOUR. Tumor (tu'mor), n. Tumoroust (tu'mor-us), a. 1. Swelling: protuberant. Sir H. Wotton.-2. Vainly pompous; bombastic, as language or style; fustian; falsely magnificent. According to their subject, these styles vary; for that which is high and lofty, declaring excellent matter, becomes vast and tumorous, speaking of petty and inferior things. B. Jonson. Tumour (tū'mor), n. [L. tumor, from tumeo, to swell. See TUMID.] 1. In surg. in its widest sense, a morbid enlargement or swelling of any part of the body or of any kind; more strictly, however, it implies a permanent swelling occasioned by a new TUMOURED growth, and not a mere enlargement of a natural part, which is called hypertrophy. Tumours may be divided into three welldefined classes: (a) simple, solid, benign, or innocent tumours, the substance of which has anatomical resemblance to some tissues of the body; they gradually increase in size, and generally only produce inconvenience from the great bulk they sometimes attain; a complete cure may be effected by simple excision. (b) Malignant or cancerous tumours, which bear no resemblance in substance to normal tissue; they are exceedingly liable to ulceration, they invade all the textures of the part in which they occur, affecting the mass of the blood, and terminate fatally; when excised they are apt to recur in remote parts of the body. (c) Semimalignant tumours, which closely resemble in structure the part in which they are seated; they may recur after excision, or may gradually spread to all the neighbouring tissues, and ultimately cause death by ulceration; but they do not affect the lymphatic system nor reappear in remote parts of the body after excision. Innocent tumours are often named from the tissues in which they occur, as adipose or fatty tumours, fibrous tumours, cartilaginous tu mours, bony tumours, and the like. malignant class cancer is a well-known example. See CANCER.-2. A swell or rise, as of water. [Rare.] Of the One tumour drown'd another, billows strove B. Jonson. 3. Affected pomp; bombast in language; swelling words or expressions; false magnificence or sublimity. [Rare.] Better, however, to be a flippant, than, by a revolting form of tumour and perplexity, to lead men into habits of intellect such as result from the modern vice of English style. De Quincey. Tumoured (tü'mord), a. Distended; swelled. Junius. [Rare.] Tump (tump), n. [W. twmp, a round mass, a hillock. Akin L. tumulus, a heap, E. tomb. See TUMID.] A little hillock. Every bush and tump and hillock quite knows how to look. George Eliot. Tump (tump), v.t. In hort. to form a mass of earth or a hillock round, as round a plant; as, to tump teasel. Tump (tump), v.t. [Probably Indian.] To draw a deer or other animal home after it has been killed. [United States.] Tump-line (tump'lin), n. A strap placed across the forehead to assist a man carrying a pack on his back. [United States.] Tum-tum (tum'tum), n. A favourite dish in the West Indies, made by beating the boiled It plantain quite soft in a wooden mortar. is eaten like a potato-pudding, or made into round cakes and fried. Tumular (tu'mú-lèr), a. Same as Tumulary. Pinkerton. Tumulary (tu'mū-la-ri), a. [L. tumulus, a heap. See TUMID.] Consisting in a heap; formed or being in a heap or hillock. The bounded by red tumulary cliffs.' sea W. H. Russell. Tumulate (tū'mū-lāt), v.t. [L. tumulo, tumulatum, to cover with a mound, to bury, from tumulus, a mound. See TUMID.] To cover with a mound; to bury. Tumulate (tū'mü-lat), v.i. To swell. His heart begins to rise, and his passions to tumulate and ferment into a storm. Wilkins. Tumulosity (tù-mu-los'i-ti), n. The state of being tumulous. Bailey. [Rare.] Tumulous, Tumulose (tu'mû-lus, tū'mūlos), a. [L. tumulosus, from tumulus, a mound.] Full of mounds or hills. Bailey. [Rare.] Tumult (tu'mult), n. [L. tumultus, from tumeo, to swell. See TUMID.] 1. The commotion, disturbance, or agitation of a multitude, usually accompanied with great noise, uproar, and confusion of voices; an uproar. What meaneth the noise of this tumults 2. Violent commotion or agitation, with confusion of sounds; as, the tumult of the elements. Addison. 3. Agitation; high excitement; irregular or confused motion; as, the tumult of the spirits or passions. SYN. Uproar, ferment, disturbance, turbulence, disorder, confusion, noise, bluster, hubbub, bustle, stir, brawl, riot. Tumult (tü'mult), v.i. To make a tumult, to be in great commotion. 456 Tumultert (tü'mult-ér), n. They who attended them without, tumulting at the death of their masters, were beaten back. Milton. One who raises or takes part in a tumult. Afterwards he severely punished the tumulters. Milton. Tumultuarily (tū-mul'tū-a-ri-li), adv. In a tumultuary or disorderly manner. Abp. Sandys. Tumultuariness (tū-mul'tū-a-ri-nes), n. Disorderly or tumultuous conduct; turbulence; disposition to tumult. The tumultuariness of the people, or the factiousness of presbyters, gave occasion to invent new models. Eikon Basilike. Tumultuary (tū-mul'tū-a-ri), a. [Fr. tumultuaire, L. tumultuarius, from L. tumultus. See TUMULT.] 1. Disorderly; promiscuous; confused; as, a tumultuary conflict. A tumultuary attack of the Celtic peasants.' Macaulay. Then, according to circumstances, came sudden flight or tumultuary skirmish. De Quincey. 2. Restless; agitated; unquiet. Men who live without religion, live always in a tumultuary and restless state. Atterbury. Tumultuatet (tü-mul'tū-āt), v. i. [L. tumultuor, tumultuatus, from tumultus. See TUMULT.] To make a tumult. South. Like an opposed torrent, it tumultuates, grows higher and higher. Tumultuation (tū-mul'tu-a"shon), n. [L. tumultuatio. See TUMULTUATE.] Commotion; irregular or disorderly movement; as, the tumultuation of the parts of a fluid. Tumultuous (tū-mul'tū-us), a. [Fr. tumultueux, L. tumultuosus, from tumultus. See TUMULT] 1. Full of tumult, disorder, or confusion; conducted with tumult; disorderly; as, a tumultuous conflict or retreat. 2. Conducted with or characterized by uproar, noise, confusion, or the like; as, a tumultuous assembly.-3. Agitated; disturbed, as by passion or the like. His dire attempt, which nigh the birth, 4. Turbulent; violent. Milton. Furiously running in upon him, with tumultuous speech he raught from his head his rich cap of sables. Knolles. SYN. Noisy, confused, turbulent, violent, agitated, disturbed, boisterous, riotous, disTumultuously (tu-mul'tū-us-li), adv. In a orderly, irregular. tumultuous manner; with turbulence; by a Tumultuousness (tu-mul'tu-us-nes), n. The disorderly multitude. Tennyson. state of being tumultuous; disorder; commotion. Keep down this boiling and tumultuousness of the soul. Hammond. Tumulus (tu'mū-lus), n. pl. Tumuli (tū'mú-li). (L, a hillock, from tumeo, to swell. See TUMID. A barrow, or artificial burial mound of earth. See BARROW. Tun (tun), n. [A. Sax. tunne, a large vessel, a butt; Icel. Sw. and O.H.G. tunna, L.G. The tunne, D. ton, G. tonne-cask, tun. word seems to have passed from the Teutonic into the Romance and Celtic tongues: Fr. tonne (with the derivative forms tonneau, Sp. and Pg. tonel), Ir. and Gael. tunna, tonna, W. tynell. The German forms themselves are probably foreign, and L. tina, a wine-vessel, has been suggested as the origin of all, but with no great probability. Ton is the same word. Tunnel is a derivative.] 1. A name originally applied to all large casks or similar vessels for containing liquids or the like. Hence-2. A certain measure or quantity such as would be contained in this vessel, as the old English tun of wine, which contained 4 hogsheads, or 252 gallons, but in Britain all higher measures than the gallon are no longer legal. 3. The ton weight of 2240 lbs. As the liquid tun would weigh a little over 2000 lbs. it is probable the weight was taken from the measure of capacity.-4. A certain quantity of timber, consisting of 40 solid feet if round, or 54 feet if square.-5. Proverbially, a large quantity. Drawn tuns of blood out of thy country's breast.' Shak.-6. A molluscous shell, belonging to the various species of the genus Dolium. Tun (tun), v. t. pret. & pp. tunned; ppr. tunning. To put into casks. The same juice tunned up, arms itself with tartar. Boyle. Tunable (tun'a-bl), a. 1. Capable of being put in tune, or made harmonious.-2. Harmonious; musical; tuneful. And tunable as sylvan pipe or song." Milton. TUNEFULNESS Tunableness (tün'a-bl-nes), n. The state or quality of being tunable; harmony; melodiousness. The tunableness and chiming of verse.' Swift. Tunably (tün'a-bli), adv. In a tunable manner; harmoniously; musically. Nor sing tunably.' Skelton. Tun-bellied (tun'bel-lid), a. Having a large protuberant belly; resembling a tun in ap pearance. Tun-belly (tun'bel-li), n. A large protuberant belly, having the appearance of a tun. 'A double chin and a tun-belly.' Tom Brown. Tun-dish + (tun'dish), n. A funnel. 'Filling a bottle with a tun-dish.' Shak. Tundra (tun'dra), n. A term applied to the immense stretches of flat, boggy country. extending through the northern part of Siberia and part of Russia, where vegetation takes an arctic character. They are frozen the greater part of the year. Tune (tün), n. [A form of tone. See TONE.] 1. A sound; a tone. Nor are my ears with thy tongue's tune delighted.' Shak.-2. A rhythmical, melodious succession or series of musical tones produced by one voice or instrument, or by several voices or instruments in unison; an air; a melody. The term, however, is sometimes used to include both the air and the combined parts (as alto, tenor, bass) with which it is harmonized. Tunes and airs have in themselves some affinity with the affections; as merry tunes, doleful tunes, solemn tunes. Bacon. 3 Correct intonation in singing or playing; the condition or quality of producing or being able to produce tones in unison, harmony, or due relation with others; the normal adjustment of the parts of a musical instrument so as to produce its tones in correct key-relationship, or in harmony or concert with other instruments. Like sweet bells jangled, out of tune and harsh.' Shak. Strange that a harp of thousand strings Should keep in tune so long. Watts. 4. Frame of mind; mood; temper, especially temper for the time being; as, not to be in the proper tune; his tune was now changed; hence, to be in tune, to be in the right disposition, fit temper or humour. The poor distressed Lear's i' the town A child will learn three times as fast when he is in tune, as he will when he is dragged to his task. Locke. 5. In phren, one of the perceptive faculties. Its organ is situated above the external angle of the orbit of the eye, as high as the middle of the forehead on each side of the temporal ridge. This faculty gives the perception of melody or harmony. See PHRENOLOGY. To the tune of, to the sum or amount of. [Colloq.] We had been robbed to the tune of about four husdred pounds. Marryat. Tune (tün), v. t. pret. & pp. tuned; ppr. taning. 1. To put into a state adapted to produce the proper sounds; to cause to be in tune; as, to tune a piano; to tune a violin Tune your harps, Ye angels, to that sound! Dryden. 2. To sing with melody or harmony. 3. To give a special tone or character to; to attune. For now to sorrow I must fune my song. Milton 4. To put into a state proper for any purpose, or adapted to produce a particular effect. Especially he hath incurred the everlasting dis pleasure of the king, who had even fused his bounty to sing happiness to him. Shat Tune (tún), v. i. 1. To form melodious or accordant sounds. Whilst fining to the water's fall, Drayton 2. To utter inarticulate musical sounds with the voice; to sing without using words, to hum a tune. [Rare.] Tuneful (tün'ful), a. Harmonious; melo dious; musical; as, tuneful notes; tuncful birds. His tuneful tongue' Pope. Tunefully (tün'ful-li), ade. In a tuneful manner; harmoniously; musically. 'The praises of God, tunefully performed.' Atterbury. Tunefulness (tun'ful-nes), n. The state or quality of being tuneful. TUNELESS Tuneless (tün'les), a. 1. Unmusical; unharmonious. How often have I led thy sportive choir, 2. Not employed in making music; as, a tuneless harp. Spenser.-3. Not expressed rhythmically or musically; unexpressed; silent; without voice or utterance. On thy voiceless shore The heroic lay is tuneless nowThe heroic bosom beats no more! Byron. Tuner (tún'èr), n. One who tunes; specifically, one whose occupation is to tune musical instruments. Tung-oil (tung'oil), n. A valuable wood oil, expressed in China from the seeds of Elococca oleifera, which is much used for painting boats, furniture, &c. Tungstate (tung'stat), n. A salt of tungstic acid; as, tungstate of lime. Tungsten (tung'sten), n. [Sw. and Dan. tung, heavy, and sten, stone, heavy stone, or ponderous ore, so named from the density of its ores.] 1. At. wt. 184. Sym. W. A metal discovered by D'Elhuyart in 1781. It has a grayish white colour, and considerable lustre. It is brittle, nearly as hard as steel, and less fusible than manganese. Its specific gravity varies from 17.5 to 18.5. When heated to redness in the open air it takes fire, and is converted into tungstic oxide (WO). and it undergoes the same change by the action of hydrochloric acid. Digested with a concentrated solution of pure potash, it is dissolved with disengageinent of hydrogen gas, and tungstate of potash is generated. The ores of this metal are the native tungstate of lime, and the tungstate of iron and manganese, which latter is also known by the name of wolfram, and the same name is also given to the metal. Tungsten may be procured in the metallic state by exposing tungstic oxide to the action of charcoal or dry hydrogen gas at a red heat, but an exceedingly intense heat is required for fusing the metal. 2. An obsolete name for the native tungstate of lime. Tungstenic (tung-sten'ik), a. Pertaining to or procured from tungsten; tungstic. Tungstic (tung'stik), a. Of or pertaining to or obtained from tungsten; as, tungstic acid, an acid obtained by precipitating a solution of tungstic oxide in an alkali by addition of acid. It has the composition H2WO1; it is dibasic. Tungusic (tun-gus'ik), a. A term applied to a group of Turanian tongues spoken by tribes in the north-east of Asia. The most prominent dialect is the Manchu, spoken by the tribes who conquered China in 1644. Tunhoof (tun'höf), n. Ground-ivy; alehoof. Tunic (tu'nik), n. [L. tunica, a tunic, from the root tan, to stretch, whence also E. thin (which see).] 1. A very ancient form of garment in constant use among the Greeks (see CHITON), and ultimately adopted by the Romans. Among the Romans the tunic was an under garment worn by both sexes (under the toga and the palla), and was fastened by a girdle or belt about the waist. The tunic was at first worn without sleeves. The senators had a broad stripe of purple (called latus clavus) sewed on the breast of their tunic, and the equites had a narrow stripe (called angustus clavus) on the breast. Hence the terms laticlavii and angusticlavii applied to persons of these orders.2. A somewhat similar garment formerly worn in this country and elsewhere; at the present day a loose garment worn by women and boys drawn in at the waist and reaching not far below it.-3. In eccles. a dress worn by the subdeacon, made originally of linen, reaching to the feet, and then of an inferior silk, and narrower than the dalmatic of the deacon, with shorter and tighter sleeves. See DALMATICA.-4. A military surcoat; the garment worn by a knight over his armour. 5 In anat. a membrane that covers or composes some part or organ; as, the tunics or coats of the eye; the tunics of the stomach, &c.-6. A natural covering; an integument; as, (a) in zool. one of the layers which form the covering of a tunicary. See TUNICATA. (b) In bot. any loose membranous skin not formed from epidermis; the skin of a seed; also, the peridium of certain fungals. Tunicary (tú'ni-ka-ri), n. One of the Tunicata (which see). Tunicata (tú-ni-ka'ta), n. pl. An order of molluscoida or lower mollusca, which are enveloped in a coriaceous tunic or mantle, 457 provided with two orifices, the one branchial, and the other anal, and covering beneath it a second tunic, which adheres to the outer one at the orifices; the ascidians. These animals are popularly named sea squirts, and are found either solitary or in groups, fixed or floating, and sometimes joined together in a common mass. See As CIDIA. Tunicate, Tunicated (tu'ni-kät, tü'ni-kated), a. 1. In bot. covered with a tunic or membranes; coated.-A tunicated bulb, one composed of numerous concentric coats, as an onion.-2. Enveloped in a tunic or mantle; belonging to the Tunicata; as, the tunicate molluscs. Tunicle (tü'ni-kl), n. [Dim. of tunic.] 1. A small and delicate natural covering; a fine integument. The tunicles that make the ball or apple of the eye.' Holland.-2. Eccles. same as Tunic, 2. When used in the plural it signifies the vestments, including dalmatic and tunic, worn by the deacon when reading the epistle. Tuning (tun'ing), n. The art or operation of adjusting a musical instrument so that the various sounds may be all at due intervals, and the scale of the instrument brought into as correct a state as possible. For the tuning of fixed-toned instruments see TEMPERAMENT. Tuning-fork (tun'ing-fork), n. A steel instrument with two prongs, designed when set in vibration to give a musical sound of a certain fixed pitch. The ordinary tuningfork sounds only one note-usually the middle or tenor C in this country, and A in Germany; but some are made with a slider on each prong, which, according as it is moved up or down, regulates the pitch of the note produced. Tuning-hammer (tun'ing-ham-mér), n. An instrument used by pianoforte tuners; it has two heads on the handle and so resembles a hammer. Tuning-key (tun'ing-ke), n. A kind of wrench used for imparting the proper tension to the strings of pianofortes, &c. Tunisian (tu-nis'i-an), n. A native or inhabitant of Tunis. Tunisian (tú-nis'i-an), a. Of or pertaining to Tunis or its inhabitants. Tunker (tung'ker), n. [G. tunken, to dip.] One of a religious sect in America which was founded by Conrad Peysel, a German, in 1724, and which takes its name from the mode of baptizing converts by plunging them three times into the water. They reject infant baptism; use great plainness of dress and language; refuse to take oaths or to fight; and anoint the sick with oil in order to their recovery, depending upon this unction and prayer, and rejecting the use of medicine. Every brother is allowed to speak in the congregation, and their best speaker is usually ordained to be their preacher. Also called Dipper, Dunker, and Tumbler. Tunnage (tun'aj). See TONNAGE. Tunnel (tun'el), n. [In sense 1 probably directly from tun, from being used to fill tuns or casks; comp. tun-dish. In sense 3 from Fr. tonnelle, a round-topped arbour, an alley with arched top, from tonne, a cask, also an arbour, from its form and structure. (See TUN.) Sense 2 may be from sense 1, comp. funnel.] 1. A vessel with a wide opening at one end and a narrow one at the other, by which liquids are poured into casks, bottles, and the like; a funnel. For the help of the hearing, make an instrument like a tunnel, the narrow part of the bigness of the hole of the ear, and the broader end much larger. Bacon. 2. The opening of a chimney for the passage of smoke; a funnel. And one great chimney, whose long tunnel thence 3. In engin. a subterranean passage cut through a hill, a rock, or any eminence, or under a river, a town, &c., to carry a canal, a road, or a railway in an advantageous course. In the construction of canals and railways tunnels are frequently had recourse to in order to preserve the desired level, and for various other local causes. Tunnels when not pierced through solid rock have usually an arched roof and are lined with brickwork or masonry. The sectional form of the passage is various. The cuts show two sections of the St. Gothard tunnel, which connects the railway systems of Switzerland and Germany with that of Italy, and has the great length of fully 9 miles. The one section driven across the measures, or at right angles to the veins which its object is to reach; and thus distinguished from the drift or gangway which is led along the vein when reached by the tunnel. Goodrich.-5. A tunnel-net (which see). Tunnel (tun'el), v.t. pret. & pp. tunnelled; ppr. tunnelling. 1. To form or cut a tunnel through or under; as, to tunnel the English Channel.-2. To form like a tunnel; to hollow out in length. Some foreign birds not only plat and weave the fibrous parts of vegetables together, and curiously tunnel them and commodiously form them into nests. but also artificially suspend them on the tender twigs of trees. Derham. 3. To catch in a net called a tunnel-net. Tunnel-head (tun'el-hed), n. The cylindrical chimney or mouth of a blast-furnace. Tunnel-net (tun'el-net), n. A net with a wide mouth at one end and narrow at the other. Tunnel-pit, Tunnel-shaft (tun'el-pit, tun'el-shaft), n. A shaft sunk from the top of the ground to meet a tunnel at a point between its ends. Tunny (tun'i), n. [It. tonno; Fr. thon; L. thynnus, from Gr. thynnos, a tunny, from thyno, to dart along. The English form may be directly from the Italian, modified to give it an English look.] A fish of the genus Thynnus and family Scomberidæ, the T. vulgaris, closely allied to the mackerel. Tunny (Thynnus vulgaris). These fish live in shoals in almost all the seas of the warmer and temperate parts of the earth. They are taken in immense quantities on the Mediterranean coasts, where the fishing is chiefly carried on. The flesh, which somewhat resembles veal, is delicate, and has been in request from time immemorial. The common tunny attains a length of from 4 feet to even 20 feet, and sometimes exceeds half a ton in weight. Its colour is |