federalists, in Madison's admin-
istration, 215-16; "old republi-
canism,"
216-17, 220, 257; in-
fluence of acquisition of Louis-
iana upon that party, 180-4; in-
fluence of War of 1812, 255-6;
change in the attitude of the party
toward national authority, 271-3.
Requisitions, failure of the system
of, 8-9.

Revenue bills must originate in the
House of Representatives, Senate
may amend, 43.

Rhode Island, settled by Baptists,

5; not represented in constitu-
tional convention, 21-2, 31; re-
fuses to ratify constitution, 61-4;
accedes, 73-4; legislature repudi-
ates the nullification resolutions
of 1798-9, 153; presidential elec-
tion of 1800, 163-4; representa-
tion in Congress after second cen-
sus, 174; election of 1804, 188;
represented in Hartford conven-
tion, 244; election of 1812, 251;
representation in Congress after
third census, 251.

Riall, General, British commander
in Canada, 237.

Richmond, population in 1790, 64.
Rights, Bill of, absence from con-
stitution as proposed to States,
53-4, 58; supplied by first ten
amendments, 74-7.
Rittenhouse, David, director of the
mint, 81.
Rodney, Cæsar A., in Jefferson's
cabinet, 211; in Madison's cabi-
net, 214, 263.

Rogers, Hon. Horatio, paper on the
relations of Rhode Island to the
constitutional convention, 22.
Ross, British general, burns Wash-
ington killed before Baltimore,
238.

Rush, Richard, in Madison's cabi-
net, 263.
Rutledge, John, in constitutional
convention, 26, 34; associate
justice Supreme Court, 98; Sen-
ate refuses to confirm him as
chief justice, 127.

SACKETT'S HARBOR, defence of, 237.
San Domingo, revolted blacks of,
trade prohibited with, 185-6.

Scott, Colonel, defeated by Miamis,
104.

Scott, General Winfield, in Canada,

237.

Search, right of, 191-2; British ex-
ercise of, insolent and injurious,
192-3.

Secession, was it threatened by
New England, on account of em-
bargo and War of 1812? 23-4;
241-7; Josiah Quincy's speech
against admission of Louisiana,
257; the doctrine rendered pos-
sible because the constitut.onal
convention dodged the question
of nationality, 268. [See Nullifica-
tion.]

Sedition law, the enactment, 149-50;
republican opposition to, 151-5,
166-7.

Senate, United States, 34, 42-3,
45-6, 48, 93; its longer term of
service makes its political charac-
ter more constant, 114.
Settlement, area of, 264-5.
Shays's Rebellion, 16-18; partici-
pants in, oppose constitution of
1787, 56.

Sherman, Roger, in constitutional
convention, 25; power of re-
moval, 90.

Sinking fund, Hamilton's, 126;
Madison's, 256, 273.

Slavery and a Bill of Rights, 53.
Slavery, agitation against, 209-10.
Slaves, Fugitive. See Fugitive

slaves.
Slaves, should they be counted in
apportioning representatives in
Congress? 32-3, 251; see propo-
sal of Hartford convention, 245.
Slave trade, domestic: influence of
Louisiana purchase upon the de-
mand for slave labor, 184.
Slave trade, foreign, not to be pro-
hibited before 1808, 34-5, 44;
abolished, 208-9.

Small, Albion W., The Begin-
nings of American Nationality,

268.

Smith, General, the "corrupt bar-
gain" charge, 170.

Smith, Melancthon, opposes the
constitution, CO.
Smith, Robert, enters Jefferson's

cabinet, 187, 211; in Madison's

cabinet, 214; resigns and appeals
to the country against the presi-
dent, 219-20.

Smith, William L., opposes Jeffer-
son's commercial report, 129.
South Carolina in constitutional
convention, 32, 35, 53; Tories,
55; ratifies constitution, 57; ton-
nage dues, 84; small stills, 86;
federalists in, 96; its relations to
the presidential election of 1796
and 1800, 163-4; representation
in Congress after second census,
174; election of 1804, 188; elec-
tion of 1812, 251; representation
in Congress after third census,
251.
Southern opposed to northern
States in constitutional conven-
tion, 24, 26-7, 32-3, 31-5, 53,
96-7; sectional lines drawn in the
vote on the first National Bank,
83; in the vote on the War of
1812, 225; southern States sup-
port tariff of 1816, 258-61.
Spain, dispute with, regarding Flor-
ida and the navigation of the

Mississippi, 100; Pinckney's

treaty of, 1795, 122; federalist
designs upon Spanish-American
possessions, 141; her relations to
Florida and Louisiana, 177-8; an-
gered by French cession of Louis-
iana to the United States, 184-5;
difficulties with, in Jefferson's
term, 203-4.

Spoliation claims, French, 143.
Springfield, Mass., goods destined
for, taxed at Saybrook, 2; ar-
senal attacked by Shays's insur-
gents, 17.

St. Clair, General Arthur, defeated
by Indians, 104.

St. Louis, its acquisition by the
United States, 180.
Stamp duties in Adams's adminis-
tration, 144-5; repealed under
Jefferson, 175; reimposed under
Madison, 255, 273.

State, Department of, organized
89; the secretary of state, after
first few terms, becomes "heir-
apparent."

State Revolutionary debts, assump
tion of, 80-1.

States, in national courts, 46–7.

States, indivisible except by their
own consent, 48.

States, new, how admitted, 48;
States admitted, 109, 126, 173-4,
181, n.; proposal of Hartford con-
vention regarding admission of
new States, 245.

States, nothing in their constitution
or laws to be allowed to impair
effect of the constitution of the
United States, or of any laws
passed in accordance therewith,
or any treaties made under the
authority of the United States,
49; State laws in conflict with
acts of the United States de-
clared void-Gibbon vs. Ogden,
206.

States, relations between, 47-8.
States' rights, in constitutional
convention, 29, 37-8; in the con-
stitution, 49, 76-7; how to be
vindicated, nullification resolu-
tions of 1798-9, 151-5; influence
of Louisiana purchase upon the
extreme States' rights doctrine,
180-4; the Olmstead case, 352-3;
the movement of events deprives
this doctrine of much of its
pristine force, 271.

States under the Confederation,
7-14.

Steamboat, the. its invention, ef-
fect on national development,
206.

Stoddert, Benjamin, secretary of
the navy, 148, 187.

Story, Judge, his commentaries, 30,

267.

Suffrage, United States, 41, 49-50.
Supreme Court of the United

States, 46-7; the common judge
between State and nation, 151-5;
its part in the making of the na-
tion, 97, 167, 173, 270.

TALLEYRAND, French minister of
foreign affairs, 139.

Tariff, first, 84-5; war tariff, 255 ;
tariff of 1816, 261.

Taxation, lack of power in Confed-

eration, 8-10; power conferred
by the constitution, 43; limita-
tions on the tax power of the
United States, 34, 44, 145-6.
Tecumseh, Indian chief, 235.

Tennessee, population in 1790, 64;
navigation of the Mississippi, 74;
admitted as a State, 126; pres-
idential election of 1800, 164; rep-
resentation in Congress after sec-
ond census, 174; election of 1804,
188; election of 1812, 251; repre-
sentation in Congress after third
census, 252.

Tenure of the soil in the United
States, popular, 66, 266.
Territory belonging to the United
States, Congress has power to
govern, 48.

Territory, constitutional signifi-
cance of the term, 155-6.
Thames River, battle of, 235.
Tohopeka, battle of, 239
Tompkins, D. D., nominated for
vice-presidency, 263; elected, 264.
Tonnage duties, 84.

Tories of the Revolution support
the constitution, 55.
Toronto, Can., burned by Amer-
ican forces, 236, 238.
Treason against the United States,
definition and rules of evidence,
47, 147, 207-8.

Treasury Department organized,
89; secretary reports directly to
Congress, 145.

Treasury notes during War of
1812, 254-5.

Treaties, States forbidden to make,
44.

Tripoli. See Barbary States.
Tucker, J. Randolph, his view of
the constitution, 267-8.
Tunis. See Barbary States.

VAN RENSSELAER, General, 235-6.
Vermont, population in 1790, 64;
admitted to the Union, 109; pres-
idential election of 1800, 164,
170; representation in Congress
after second census, 174; election
of 1804, 189; one county repre-
sented in Hartford convention,
244; election of 1812, 251; repre-
sentation in Congress after third
census, 251.

Veto, the, 43.

Vice president of the United
States, 42, 45-6; mode of election,
62, n., 133, 163-5, 168-9; candi-
dates, how nominated, 132-3;

the vice-president succeeds to the
presidency during the first few
administrations, 211-12.

Virginia, its dispute with Mary-
land, 3, 19; invites other States
to send delegates to commercial
convention at Annapolis, 19;
presents national plan of govern-
ment, 31; representation of
slaves, 32; votes against Bill of
Rights, 33; her western lands,
39, n., struggle over ratification,
58-60; small stilis, 86; cedes dis-
trict for seat of government, sub-
sequent retrocession, 107-8; lar-
gest State in 1790, 108; nulliti-
cation resolutions, 151, 153, 252;
presidential election of 1800, 164;
representation in Congress after
second census, 174; election of
1804, 188; the " Virginia dy-
nasty," 212, 246, 251; election of
1812, 251; representation in Con-
gress after third census, 251.

WAR DEPARTMENT organized, 89.
War of 1812-15, declared, 224-5;
preceded by Hanson riot, 227-9;
its story briefly told, Chapter XII.
War, power to declare, confined to
general government, 43-5; pro-
posal of Hartford convention
concerning, 246.
Washington, city of, 107-8, 156;
burned by British troops, 238.
Washington, George, in constitu-
tional convention, 24, 27, 52;
chosen president, 62-3; his ad-
ministration, Chapters V.- VII.;
Washington decides in favor of
the constitutionality of the bank,
83; his relations to his cabinet. 90,
93; his communications with Con-
gress, 93, n.; his taste for cere-
monial, 98-9; his patriotic policy
regarding foreign powers, 101;
selection of the seat of govern-
ment, 107; his disposition to
sacrifice the navigation of the
Mississippi, 111-12; accepts a re-
nomination in 1792, 112-13; the
Genet episode, 115-8; the Brit-
ish mission and Jay treaty,
120-1; puts down the Whiskey
Insurrection, 124-5; denounces
the democratic societies, 125-6;

Westward movement of population
one of the marvels of history,
264-6.

Whiskey tax, 85-7; rebellion
against, 123-5; repealed under
Jefferson, 175; re-enacted under
Madison, 255, 273.

Whitney, Eli, invention of the cot-
ton-gin, 260.

Wilkinson, General, his relations to
Burr, 208; invasion of Canada,
236.

Wilson, James, in constitutional
convention, 25, 33, 34, 35, n., 52.
Winchester, Colonel, defeated at
Frenchtown, 235.

Wolcott, Oliver, Jr., quoted, 96–7;
becomes secretary of the treasury,
130; retained by Adams, 137;
intrigues against the president,
158-60; resigns, 161.

"X:, Y., and Z.," Messieurs, 139.

YATES, ROBERT, in constitutional
convention, 34; opposes consti-
tution, 60.

Yellow fever epidemic, 126.
York, Canada. See Toronto.