PAGE.

SECTION 741. Powers separated in the Federal Government..

742. Separation not complete....

743. The general principle stated..

744. Distinction between legislative and judicial acts..
745. Declaratory and retroactive legislation....
746. Legislative control of judicial procedure and powers.
747. Jurisdiction and judicial power distinguished.
748. Powers of courts to punish contempts....

1261

1262

1263

1264

1265

1267

1268

1270

749. Pardoning power of the President and contempts..
750. Power of Congress to punish for contempts.

1270

1272

751. The performance of administrative acts by the courts..
752. Judicial review of administraeive determinations.....
753. Judicial powers of administrative agents.

1274

1276

1277

CHAPTER LXIV.

CONCLUSIVENESS OF ADMINISTRATIVE DETERMINATIONS.

SECTION 754. Due process of law does not demand determination of

762. Mandamus may not be used in place of an appeal.

766. Head of executive department acting for the President:

when amenable to writ......

1304

767. Obligation of the President to enforce laws believed by

him to be unconstitutional..

1306

768. Liability of the State for acts of its officers..

1309

769. Legal liability of public cfficials to private individuals
injured by their acts: ultra vires acts

1310

770. Mandamus to compel performance of commands by ad-
ministrative superior

1311

771. Responsibility of officers for improper exercise of author-
ity: malice, etc.

1312

772. Responsibility of judges of courts of superior and general

jurisdiction

1315

CHAPTER LXV.

THE DELEGATION OF LEGISLATIVE POWER.

SECTION 773. Delegated power may not be delegated....

774. Local governing powers may not be delegated.

775. Power to issue administrative ordinances may be delegated.

PAGE.

1317

1317

1318

779. The referendum as a delegation of legislative power.
780. Administrative ordinances

1324

1325

781. Penal ordinances

1327

TABLE OF CASES.

A.

PAGE.

Ableman v. Booth, 21 How. 506; 16 L. ed. 169......84, 123, 130, 141, 1200 Adair v. United States, 208 U. S. 161; 28 Sup. Ct. Rep. 277; 52 L. ed. 436..

.743, 747

Adams v. New York, 192 U. S. 585; 24 Sup. Ct. Rep. 372; 48 L. ed.
.828,
575 ....
Adams Express Co. v. Iowa, 196 U. S. 147; 25 Sup. Ct. Rep. 185; 49
L. ed. 424

860

.686, 708

.718, 950, 951

Adams Express Co. v. Ohio State Auditor, 165 U. S. 194; 17 Sup. Ct.

Rep. 305; 41 L. ed. 683....

Adams Express Co. v. Ohio State Auditor, 166 U. S. 185; 17 Sup. Ct.
Rep. 604; 41 L. ed. 965...

.952, 967

Addyston Pipe & Steel Co. v. United States, 175 U. S. 211; 20 Sup. Ct.

Rep. 96; 44 L. ed. 136..

.630, 755

Ab Chong, In re, 6 Sawyer, 451.

502

1043

Alabama v. Burr, 113 U. S. 413; 6 Sup. Ct. Rep. 81; 29 L. ed. 435.... 1056
Alabama v. Georgia, 23 How. 505; 16 L. ed. 556..
Aldridge v. Williams, 3 How. 9; 11 L. ed. 469..

Allen v. B. & O. R. R. Co., 114 U. S. 311; 5 Sup. Ct. Rep. 925; 29 L. ed.

200

.1081, 1083, 1092 Allen v. Riley, 203 U. S. 347; 27 Sup. Ct. Rep. 95; 51 L. ed. 216....100, 793 Allegeyer v. Louisiana, 165 U. S. 578; 17 Sup. Ct. Rep. 427; 41 L. ed.

832 .

Almy v. California, 24 How. 169; 16 L. ed. 644..

872

608

Ambrosini v. United States, 187 U. S. 1; 23 Sup. Ct. Rep. 1; 47 L. ed.

49 ...

114

American Insurance Co. v. Canter, 1 Pet. 511; 7 L. ed. 242.
352, 359, 365, 369, 370,
American Publishing Co. v. Fisher, 166 U. S. 464; 17 Sup. Ct.
41 L. ed. 1079..
American Refrigerator Transit Co. v. Hall, 174 U. S. 70; 19 Sup. Ct.
Rep. 599; 43 L. ed. 899...
American School of Magnetic Healing v. McAnnulty, 187 U. S. 94; 23

Sup. Ct. Rep. 33; 47 L. ed. 90....

.1285, 1296

American Steel & Wire Co. v. Speed, 192 U. S. 500; 24 Sup. Ct. Rep. 365; 48 L. ed. 538...

American Sugar Refining Co. v. Louisiana, 179 U. S. 89; 21 Sup. Ct.

Rep. 43; 45 L. ed. 102..

596

Ames v. Kansas, 111 U. S. 449; 4 Sup. Ct. Rep. 437; 28 L. ed. 482..
Amesbury Nail Factory Co. v. Weed, 17 Mass. 53.

975

931

Anderson v. United States, 171 U. S. 604; 19 Sup. Ct. Rep. 50; 43 L.
ed. 300

Andrews v. Andrews, 188 U. S. 14; 23 Sup. Ct. Rep. 237; 47 L. ed. 366
Andrews v. Swartz, 156 U. S. 272; 15 Sup. Ct. Rep. 389; 39 L. ed. 422
Anglo-American Provision Co. v. Davis Provision Co., 191 U. S. 373; 24
Sup. Ct. Rep. 92; 48 L. ed. 225..

Anthony v. Holderman, 7 Kans. 50..

PAGE.

755

206

862

203

.259, 260

Antoni v. Greenhow, 107 U. S. 769; 2 Sup. Ct. Rep. 91; 27 L. ed. 468

L. ed. 161.....

233

.1082, 1084

Appleyard v. Massachusetts, 203 U. S. 222; 27 Sup. Ct. Rep. 122; 51

Arbegust v. Louisville, 2 Bush, 271..

597

Arlington Case, The, 106 U. S. 196; 1 Sup. Ct. Rep. 240; 27 L. ed. 171. 1080 Armtage v. Attorney-General, 22 T. L. R. 306.....

206

Arnson v. Murphy, 109 U. S. 238; 3 Sup. Ct. Rep. 184; 27 L. ed. 920.. 623 Arthur v. Oakes, 63 Fed. Rep. 310.....

Asbell v. Kansas, 209 U. S. 251; 28 Sup. Ct. Rep. 485; 52 L. ed. 778..
Asher v. Texas, 128 U. S. 129; 9 Sup. Ct. Rep. 1; 32 L. ed. 368..
Ashley v. Ryan, 153 U. S. 436; 14 Sup. Ct. Rep. 865; 38 L. ed. 773..
Atchison, etc., R. Co. v. Sowers, 213 U. S. 366; 29 Sup. Ct. Rep. 397; 53
L. ed. 695.

855

674

705

725

201

Atherton v. Atherton, 181 U. S. 155; 21 Sup. Ct. Rep. 544; 45 L. ed.
794
Atlantic C. L. R. Co. v. North Carolina Corp. Com., 206 U. S. 1; 27
Sup. Ct. Rep. 585; 51 L. ed. 933..

.205, 207

1323

Atlantic & Pacific Tel. Co. v. Philadelphia, 190 U. S. 160; 23 Sup. Ct.
Rep. 817; 47 L. ed. 995....

725

Atlantic Coast Line Ry. Co. v. Wharton, 207 U. S. 328; 28 Sup. Ct.
Rep. 121; 52 L. ed. 230...

668

Auffmordt v. Hedden, 137 U. S. 310; 11 Sup. Ct. Rep. 103; 34 L. ed.

674

623

Austin v. Tennessee, 179 U. S. 343; 21 Sup. Ct. Rep. 132; 45 L. ed. 224 647 Ayers, In re, 123 U. S. 443; 8 Sup. Ct. Rep. 164; 31 L. ed. 216....977, 1079 1082, 1090

B.

B. & O. R. R. Co. v. Baugh, 149 U. S. 368; 13 Sup. Ct. Rep. 914; 37 L.

ed. 772

1023

B. & S. R. R. v. Nesbit, 10 How. 395; 13 L. ed. 469.

891

Bacon v. Hooker, 177 Mass. 333..

965

Bacon v. Howard, 20 How. 22; 15 L. ed. 811..

199

Bacon v. Texas, 163 U. S. 207; 16 Sup. Ct. Rep. 1023; 41 L. ed. 132.. 916 Bain's Case, 121 U. S. 1; 7 Sup. Ct. Rep. 781; 30 L. ed. 849..

977

Baiz, Ex parte, 135 U. S. 403; 10 Sup. Ct. Rep. 854; 34 L. ed. 222....1007 Baker v. Grice, 169 U. S. 284; 18 Sup. Ct. Rep. 323; 42 L. ed. 748..

PAGE.

Bank of Commerce v. Commissioners, 2 Black, 620; 17 L. ed. 451..104, 105 Bank of Commerce v. Tennessee, 161 U. S. 134; 16 Sup. Ct. Rep. 456;

.....

40 L. ed. 645. Bank of Kentucky v. Adams Express Co., 93 U. S. 174; 23 L. ed. 872.. Bank of Kentucky v. Com., 4 Bush, 48...

906

727

107

Bank of Kentucky v. Wister, 2 Pet. 318; 7 L. ed. 437.
Bank Tax Case, 2 Wall, 200; 17 L. ed. 793..

Bank of the United States v. The Planters' Bank of Georgia, 9 Wh. 904; 6 L. ed. 244.

..880, 1073

Bank of United States v. Deveaux, 5 Cr. 61; 3 L. ed. 38..
Bank of Vicksburg v. Slocomb, 14 Pet. 60; 10 L. ed. 354.
Banks v. The Mayor, 7 Wall. 16; 19 L. ed. 57......
Barbier v. Connolly, 113 U. S. 27; 5 Sup. Ct. Rep. 357; 28 L. ed. 923.. 882

985

985

104

888

Barney v. Baltimore City, 6 Wall. 280; 18 L. ed. 825....
Barron v. Baltimore, 7 Pet. 243; 8 L. ed. 672...

Barron v. Burnside, 121 U. S. 186; 7 Sup. Ct. Rep. 931; 30 L. ed. 915 Barrow SS. Co. v. Kane, 170 U. S. 100; 18 Sup. Ct. Rep. 526; 42 L. ed. 964.

Bates & Guild Co. v. Payne, 194 U. S. 106; 24 Sup. Ct. Rep. 595; 48
L. ed. 894..

.1284, 1299

Bauman v. Ross, 167 U. S. 548; 17 Sup. Ct. Rep. 966; 42 L. ed. 270...

Beard v. Federy, 3 Wall, 478; 18 L. ed. 88...
Beef Trust Case, 196 U. S. 375; 25 Sup. Ct. Rep. 276; 49 L. ed. 518.
Bein v. Heath, 12 How. 168; 13 L. ed. 939...
Belfast, The, 7 Wall. 624; 19 L. ed. 266..
Belknap v. Schild, 161 U. S. 10; 16 Sup. Ct. Rep. 443; 40 L. ed. 599.. 1102
Bell v. Bell, 181 U. S. 175; 21 Sup. Ct. Rep. 551; 45 L. ed. 804........
Bell's Gap Railroad Co. v. Pennsylvania, 134 U. S. 232; 10 Sup. Ct.

Rep. 533; 33 L. ed. 892..

206

.595, 625, 888 369

Benner v. Porter, 9 How. 235; 13 L. ed. 119..
Benson v. McMahon, 127 U. S. 457; 8 Sup. Ct. Rep. 1240; 32 L. ed. 234 1238
Bergemann v. Baeker, 157 U. S. 655; 15 Sup. Ct. Rep. 727; 39 L. ed.

1282

758

1025, 1026

845

868

Bertram v. Robertson, 122 U. S. 116; 7 Sup. Ct. Rep. 1115; 30 L. ed. 1118

492

Billings v. Illinois, 188 U. S. 97; 23 Sup. Ct. Rep. 272; 47 L. ed. 400..
Billings v. State, 189 Ill. 472.

600

599

Bins v. United States, 194 U. S. 486; 24 Sup Ct. Rep. 816; 48 L. ed. 1087
Black v. State, 113 Wis. 205....

439

599

Blackstone v. Miller, 188 U. S. 189; 23 Sup. Ct. Rep. 277; 47 L. ed. 439

.964, 969

Blake v. McClung, 172 U. S. 239; 19 Sup. Ct. Rep. 165; 43 L. ed. 432 215,

219

Blake v. McClung, 176 U. S. 64; 20 Sup. Ct. Rep. 307; 44 L. ed. 371.. 221 iii