and pleasantly to themselves, in other business, and their duties, as teachers, better as well as cheaper, performed by intelligent women. There are many such to whom even a moderate compensation would be wealth, and would stimulate to unwearied exertion. development of her extraordinary talents. Mrs. Bar- reported, about ten thousand schoolmasters in the State bauld owed much of her literary excellence to the ne- of New York. One half of that number might, uncessity she felt of assisting her husband in the educa-doubtedly, be employed more profitably to the country, tion of his pupils. Miss Edgeworth, though not ostensibly a teacher, was nevertheless stimulated in her literary career-first entered upon to promote educationby the practical illustrations of its benefits, which she daily witnessed while assisting her father in the instruction of his numerous family. Among the French ladies, Madame de Genlis, and Madame Campan, were distin-lishments for the education of their own sex. If it be guished for their skill in teaching youth; and the genius and writings, of the first especially, are well known. The present king of the French was her pupil, and to her wise and efficient management, owes much of that practical knowledge and energy of character which has distinguished his career. But above all, women should be at the head of estab found necessary, let gentlemen be employed as teachers and lecturers occasionally, but a lady should always preside as directress. This is invariably practised in every country, save America; and such a preposterous fashion, as that of committing the scientific education of young girls, mostly to men, cannot much longer continue Indeed, there is no method by which a lady can, with here. Women will feel what is due to their own chasafety and credit to herself, so surely and speedily acquire | racter and dignity, sufficiently to rouse themselves to that very necessary knowledge for a popular writer-the education, at least, of their own sex. The example the knowledge of the human heart—as by becoming an instructress of the young. Let American ladies, who wish for literary distinction, if such there are, enter the school-room as their temple of fame-and then they will be useful if they are not celebrated. I shall be told that they cannot do this-that men have engrossed the employment of school-keeping, as well as that of every other, by which money can be acquired; and that female teachers are excluded from all schools excepting those of the very youngest scholars. This is too true. Ought it thus to be?—Is it for the public benefit, to employ men to teach schools, when women could do that duty better, -even were the same compensation to be allowed to the female as to the male? of Mrs. Willard, Principal of the Troy Female Seminary, and that of Miss Catharine Beecher, not to mention others, demonstrate that ladies are capable of understanding the philosophy of the human mind, and of preparing works which facilitate the acquisition of knowledge. And then a lady, with talents and energy, unites those feminine accomplishments which men caunot know or teach. In short, though there should be no encroachment on the prerogative or duties of the men, yet women should remember that they too have duties,—which they ought not, which they cannot, consistently with duty and delicacy, surrender. One of these duties, is the superintend ing the education of their own sex. This must not be abandoned. Then, should men commit to their care the tuition of boys, till the age of ten, twelve, or even later, they would probably find the effect very beneficial. The influence of a sensible, intelligent and pious wo and foster the kindly affections of boys-to instil the love of virtue, and a horror of vice. Remember, the culture of the heart, as well as the head, is essentially necessary to make men good citizens of a Republic. A strong argument in favor of employing ladies as instruc tors of children, may be found in their purity of principles and feelings. A female advocating infidelity, or endeavoring to weaken the bonds of moral and social order, is a phenomenon. Can the same be said of the other sex? It has become a proverb, that none but a man of inferior abilities, will keep a school from choice—that it is a drudgery, in which no man of genius will engage, but from necessity, or persevere in, but from pecuniary motives. Allow this repugnance to the business of in-man, has a tendency to soften the turbulent dispositions, struction to proceed, as perhaps it does, from man's superior talents,-say, that it is not in accordance with the strong powers and stirring energies of his mind, to rest contented in the prison of a school-room; yet to women, less gifted with confidence in their own abilities, and having so few objects of pursuit, it would furnish an employment congenial as well as honorable. There is no branch of learning taught in our common schools which females would not be capable of teaching. They should also be employed, as assistants, in every school and seminary, where there are pupils of their own sex. One very important object to be eff. cted by this arrangement, would be the saving of expense. Women can afford to teach for a less reward than men, even should Swift's "Liliputian Ode" is an imitation from Scarron. they prove, as they often doubtless would prove, the The French poet concludes a long tri-syllabic poetical more capable instructors. To make education univer-epistle to Sarrazin, who had failed to pay him a visit, sal, it must be afforded cheap. It is a false principle, in the following words. which estimates the benefits of a privilege by the money it costs. If it were true, our Republican government would be a miserable one, in comparison with those of royal magnificence. It is, usually, the abuses of our privileges, which form the largest item in their expense. Our nation has need of all the talents of its citizens, exerted in the most beneficial manner, to keep pace with the spirit of the age. Why then, refuse the assistance of female intellect, when it might be so usefully and appropriately exerted?-There are now, as it is Mais pourtant Editorial. RIGHT OF INSTRUCTION. In the article published by us this month, on the Right of Instruction, Judge Hopkinson has alluded to some opinions of Edmund Burke. It may perhaps be as well to copy here one or two of the paragraphs to which we suppose allusion is made. In his speech in 1780, at the Guildhall in Bristol, upon certain points relative to his parliamentary conduct, we have what follows. a Let me say with plainness, I who am no longer in public character, that if by a fair, by an indulgent, by a gentlemanly behavior to our representatives, we do not give confidence to their minds, and a liberal scope to their understandings; if we do not permit our members to act upon a very enlarged view of things, we shall at length infallibly degrade our national representation into a confused and scuffling bustle of local agency. Again, in the same speech— In his speech, upon his arrival at Bristol, and at the conclusion of the poll in 1774, he says― I am sorry I cannot conclude without saying a word on a topic touched upon by my worthy colleague. I wish that topic had been passed by, at a time when I have so little leisure to discuss it. But since he has thought proper to throw it out, I owe you a clear extells you that the "topic of instructions has occasioned planation of my poor sentiments on that subject. He much altercation and uneasiness in this city," and he expresses himself (if I understand him rightly) in favor of the coercive authority of such instructions. Certainly, gentlemen, it ought to be the happiness and glory of a correspondence, and the most unreserved communicarepresentative, to live in the strictest union, the closest tion with his constituents. Their wishes ought to have great weight with him; their opinion high respect; their business unremitted attention. It is his duty to sacrifice his repose, his pleasures, his satisfactions to their interest to his own. theirs; and, above all, ever and in all cases, to prefer his mature judgment, his enlightened conscience, he But his unbiassed opinion, ought not to sacrifice to you, to any man, or to any set of men living. These he does not derive from your pleasure-no, nor from the law and the constitution. They are a trust from Providence, for the abuse of which he is deeply answerable. What, gentlemen, was I not to foresee, or, foreseeing, owes you not his industry only, but his judgment, and Your representative was I not to endeavor to save you from all these multi-he betrays, instead of serving you, if he sacrifices it to plied mischiefs and disgraces? Would the little, silly, your opinion. My worthy colleague says his will ought canvass prattle of obeying instructions, and having no to be subservient to yours. If that be all the thing is opinions but yours, and such idle, senseless tales which innocent. If government were a matter of will upon amuse the vacant ears of unthinking men, have saved any side, yours, without question, ought to be superior. you from the "pelting of that pitiless storm" to which But government and legislation are matters of reason the loose improvidence, the cowardly rashness of those and judgment, and not of inclination-and what sort of who dare not look danger in the face, so as to provide reason is that in which the determination precedes the against it in time have exposed this degraded nation? discussion; in which one set of men deliberate and Againanother decide; and where those who form the conclusion are perhaps three hundred miles distant from those who hear the arguments? PINAKIDIA. I did not obey your instructions. No-I conformed to the instructions of truth and nature, and maintained your interest against your opinions, with a constancy that became me. A representative worthy of you ought to be a person of stability. I am to look indeed to your opinions; but to such opinions as you and I must have five years hence. I was not to look to the flash of the day. I knew that you chose me, in my place, along with others, to be a pillar of the state, and not a weathercock on the top of the edifice, exalted for my levity and versatility, and of no use but to indicate the shift-odicals and elsewhere, with papers of rich interest and ings of every fashionable gale. And farther Under the head of "Random Thoughts," "Odds and Ends," "Stray Leaves," "Scraps," "Brevities," and a variety of similar titles, we occasionally meet, in peri value-the result, in some cases, of much thought and more research, expended, however, at a manifest disadvantage, if we regard merely the estimate which the As to the opinion of the people which some think, in public are willing to set upon such articles. It somesuch cases, is to be implicitly obeyed; near two years times occurs that in papers of this nature may be found tranquillity, which followed the act, proved abundantly that the late horrible spirit was, in a great measure, the a collective mass of general, but more usually of clas effect of insidious art, and perverse industry and gross sical erudition, which, if dexterously besprinkled over a misrepresentation. But suppose that the dislike had proper surface of narrative, would be sufficient to make been much more deliberate, and much more general the fortunes of one or two hundred ordinary novelists than I am persuaded it was.-When we know that the in these our good days, when all heroes and heroines opinions of even the greatest multitudes are the standard of rectitude, I shall think myself obliged to make those are necessarily men and women of "extensive acquireopinions the masters of my conscience. But if it may ments." But, for the most part, these "Brevities," &c. be doubted whether Omnipotence itself is competent to are either piecemeal cullings at second hand, from a alter the essential constitution of right and wrong, sure variety of sources hidden or supposed to be hidden, I am that such things as they and I, are possessed of no or more audacious pilferings from those vast storesuch power. No man carries farther than I do the houses of brief facts, memoranda, and opinions in genpolicy of making government pleasing to the people. But the widest range of this politic complaisance is con-eral literature, which are so abundant in all the princifined within the limits of justice..... "But if I profess pal libraries of Germany and France. Of the former all this impolitic stubbornness I may chance never to be species, the Koran of Lawrence Sterne is, at the same elected into Parliament." It is certainly not pleasing time, one of the most consummately impudent and to be put out of the public service. But I wish, in being a member of Parliament, to have my share of doing good and resisting evil. It would therefore be absurd to renounce my objects in order to obtain my seat. silly; and it may well be doubted whether a single paragraph of any merit in the whole of it may not be found, nearly verbatim, in the works of some one of his VOL. II-73 The rude rough wild waste has its power to please, a line in one Mr. Odiorne's poem, "The Progress of Refinement," is pronounced by the American author of a book entitled "Ante-Diluvian Antiquities,” “the very best alliteration in all poetry." immediate cotemporaries. If the Lacon of Mr. Colton logisms. We would refer our readers to the argument is any better, its superiority consists altogether in a here mentioned. deeper ingenuity in disguising his stolen wares, and in that prescriptive right of the strongest which, time out of mind, has decided upon calling every Napoleon a conqueror, and every Dick Turpin a thief. Seneca; Machiavelli ;* Balzac, the author of "La Maniere de bien Penser;" Bielfeld, the German, who wrote, in French, "Les Premiers Traits de L'Erudition Universelle;" Rochefoucault; Bacon; Bolingbroke; and es- The Turkish Spy is the original of many similar pecially Burdon, of "Materials for Thinking" memory, works-among the best of which are Montesquieu's possess, among them, indisputable claims to the owner- Persian Letters, and the British Spy of our own Wirt. ship of nearly every thing worth owning in the book. It was written undoubtedly by John Paul Marana, an Of the latter species of theft, we see frequent Italian, in Italian, but probably was first published in specimens in the continental magazines of Europe, French. Dr. Johnson, who saw only an English transand occasionally meet with them even in the lower lation, supposed it an English work. Marana died in class of periodicals in Great Britain. These speci- 1693. mens are usually extracts, by wholesale, from such works as the "Bibliothéque des Memorabilia Literaria," the "Recueil des Bons Pensées," the "Lettres is a much admired line in Campbell's Gertrude of WyoEdifiantes et Curieuses," the "Literary Memoirs" of Sallengre, the "Melanges Literaires" of Suard and André, or the "Pieces Interressantes et peu Connues" of La Place. D'Israeli's "Curiosities of Literature," "Literary Character," and "Calamities of Authors," have, of late years, proved exceedingly convenient to some little American pilferers in this line, but are now becoming too generally known to allow much hope of their good things being any longer appropriated with impunity. Such collections, as those of which we have been speaking, are usually entertaining in themselves, and, for the most part, we relish every thing about them save their pretensions to originality. In offering, ourselves, something of the kind to the readers of the Messenger, we wish to be understood as disclaiming, in a great degree, every such pretension. Most of the following article is original, and will be readily recognized as such by the classical and general reader-some portions of it may have been written down in the words, or nearly in the words, of the primitive authorities. The whole is taken from a confused mass of marginal notes, and entries in a common-place-book. No certain arrangement has been considered necessary; and, indeed, so heterogeneous a farrago it would have been an endless task to methodize. We have chosen the heading Pinakidia, or Tablets, as one sufficiently comprehensive. It was used, for a somewhat similar purpose, by Dionysius of Harlicarnassus. The whole of Bulwer's elaborate argument on the immortality of the soul, which he has put into the mouth of the "Ambitious Student," may be confuted through the author's omission of one particular point in his summary of the attributes of Deity-a point which we cannot believe omitted altogether through accident. A single link is deficient in the chain-but the chain is worthless without it. No man doubts the immortality of the soul-yet of all truths this truth of immortality is the most difficult to prove by any mere series of syl It is remarkable that much of what Colton has stolen from Machiavelli, was previously stolen by Machiavelli from Plutarch. A MS. book of the Apophthegms of the Ancients, by this latter writer, having fallen into Machiavelli's hands, he put them nearly all into the mouth of his hero, Castrucio Castricani. The hunter and the deer a shade ming-but the identical line is to be found in the poems of the American Freneau. Corneille's celebrated Moi of Medea is borrowed from Seneca. Racine, in Phædra, has stolen nearly the whole scene of the declaration of love from the same puerile writer. The peculiar zodiac of the comets is comprised in these verses of Cassini Antinous, Pegasusque, Andromeda, Taurus, Orion, Speaking of the usual representation of the banquetscene in Macbeth, Von Raumer, the German historian, mentions a shadowy figure thrown by optical means into the chair of Banquo, and producing intense effect upon the audience. Enslen, a German optician, conceived this idea, and accomplished it without difficulty. A religious hubbub, such as the world has seldom seen, was excited, during the reign of Frederic II, by the imagined virulence of a book entitled "The Three Impostors." It was attributed to Pierre des Vignes, chancellor of the king, who was accused by the Pope of having treated the religions of Moses, Jesus, and Mahomet as political fables. The work in question, however, which was squabbled about, abused, defended, and familiarly quoted by all parties, is well proved never to have existed. The word Tuxn, or Fortune, does not appear once in the whole Iliad. The "Lamentations" of Jeremiah are written, with the exception of the last chapter, in acrostic verse: that is to say, every line or couplet begins, in alphabetical order, with some letter in the Hebrew alphabet. In the third chapter each letter is repeated three times successively. The fullest account of the Amazons is to be found in Diodorus Siculus. Theophrastus, in his botanical works, anticipated the The noble simile of Milton, of Satan with the rising | imitation of David's Psalms. The Psalter was known sun in the first book of the Paradise Lost, had nearly to the ancients, and was formerly in the famous Alexoccasioned the suppression of that epic: it was supposed | andrian MS. There are about one thousand lines identical in the Iliad and Odyssey. Macrobius gives the form of an imprecation by which the Romans believed whole towns could be demolished and armies defeated. It commences "Dis Pater sive Jovis mavis sive quo alio nomine fas est nominare," and ends "Si hæc ita faxitis ut ego sciam, sentiam, intelligamque, tum quisquis votum hoc faxit recte factum esto, ovibus atris tribus, Tellus mater, teque Jupiter, obtestor." The "Courtier" of Baldazzar Castiglione, 1528, is the first attempt at periodical moral Essay with which we are acquainted. The Noctes Atticæ of Aulus Gellius cannot be allowed to rank as such. An unshaped kind of something first appeared," is a line in Cowley's famous description of the Creation. It is probable that the queen of Sheba was Balkisthat Sheba was a kingdom in the Southern part of Arabia Felix, and that the people were called Sabaans. These lines of Claudian relate to the people and queen, Medis, levibusque Sabais Imperat hic sexus; reginarumque sub armis Sheridan declared he would rather be the author of the ballad called Hosier's Ghost, by Glover, than of the Annals of Tacitus. The word Jehovah is not Hebrew. The Hebrews had no such letters as J or V. The word is properly Iah-Uah-compounded of Iah Essence and Uah Existing. Its full meaning is the self-existing essence of all things. The "Song of Solomon" throwing aside the heading of the chapters, which is the work of the English translators, contains nothing which relates to the Savior or the Church. It does not, like every other sacred book, contain even the name of the Deity. In the Vatican is an ancient picture of Adam, with the Latin inscription "Adam divinitus edoctus, primus scientiarum et literarum inventor." The word translated “slunderers" in 1 Timothy iii, 2, and that translated "false accusers" in Titus ii, 3, are "female devils" in the original Greek of the New Tes tament. The Hebrew language contains no word (except perhaps Jehovah) which conveys to the mind the idea of used the word Eternity but once. Eternity. The translators of the Old Testament have "The slipper of Cinderella," says the editor of the new edition of Warton "finds a parallel in the history These lines were written over the closet door of M. of the celebrated Rhodope." Cinderella is a tale of uni Menard, Las d'esperer, et de me plaindre De l'amour, des grands, et du sort C'est ici que J'attends la mort Sans la desirer ou la craindre. versal currency. An ancient Danish ballad has some of the incidents. It is popular among the Welch-also among the Poles-in Hesse and Swerhn. Schottky found it among the Servian fables. Rollenbagen in his Froschmauseler speaks of it as the tale of the despised |