grown on low land and which had been overflowed in June of that year and badly smutted. Last autumn (that of 1890) the ensilage was made from corn which was in perfect condition. Several of Mr. Stiers' horses were sick, presenting the same symptoms as the year before, but none died. One mule, however, died, and Mr. Stiers thinks that it may have gotten more than its fair share of the ensilage-more than was meant for it. Mr. Stiers wrote to the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture, and the letter being referred to me, I started for Haydenville on March 9th, but was unable to reach my destination until the next day, on account of a washout on the road. Meantime, Mr. Stiers had himself opened the mule, finding the abdominal and thoracic organs normal, as he supposed, and also that the region of the upper throat and the root of the tongue were much inflamed and swollen. Having made his examination, he buried all the parts as he supposed, pending my arrival. But unfortunately the head and neck were overlooked, and when I got to the farm, the only organs which had presented to Mr. Stiers any evidence of disease, had been devoured by dogs. And as it was raining in torrents and the grave was a quarter of a mile from shelter, I did not exhume the body.

On March 25th I went to Milford Center to meet Dr. J. Q. Taylor, of Marysville, and went with him to see some sheep on the farm of Mr. Peter Gaze. The sheep had all been bought for breeding and no sheep had been raised on the farm for several years. Quite a number of sheep had died and a large part of the flock were sick. The sheep were of course almost all ewes and many of them quite aged. Mr Gaze kindly permitted the killing of an old ewe for examination. The intestines were found to be closely studded with tumors varying in size from a split pea to a hazel nut, the results of the encysting of an intestinal worm - Esophagostoma Columbianum. I know nothing and have had no opportunities to learn as to the prevalence of this form of parasitic disease in Ohio. It is said to be so prevalent in some parts of the south as to make sheep raising almost entirely unprofitable, and in some places to make it practically Impossible.

On May 25th I went to Apple Creek, Wayne County, in response to a complaint that a farmer in the neighborhood of that village was violating the laws in regard to the care of sheep affected with scabies. I found the sheep in the very best condition, with no suspicion of scab.

On May 26th I met Dr. Taylor, at Marysville, and went with him to see an autopsy on a horse, at a farm between Milford Center and Marysville. Dr. Taylor has kindly furnished me with the following facts in regard to this case and several of an apparantly like nature which preceded it. He says: "The first case to which my attention was called

died June 7th, 1887, the second September 8th, 1888, the third October 10th, 1888, the fourth June 24th, 1890, the fifth August 29th, 1890, the sixth September 8th, 1890, the seventh May 25th, 1891. I think that four others died during this time which I did not see. Their ages ranged from one year old to twelve, and were all bred on the place, from imported French stallions. After the death of No. 6, September 8, 1890, I insisted on the removal of the barn, and also that the use of the old well for watering the horses should be discontinued. This was done, and the only death since was that of the horse the autopsy upon which you saw. She was the last of the old stock. All the horses upon the farm now have been purchased within the last nine months, and I am happy to say that they are all in fine health."

The disease in all these horses had been obscure and nothing satisfactory had been elicited at the numerous post mortems. In this case I called Dr. Taylor's attention to the condition of the anterior mesenteric artery. A fusiform aneurism, about five inches long, was found and the parasite, Strongylus Arma'us, which causes the aneurism, was found in large numbers, the largest specimen being about two cm. in length. This form of parasitic disease is exceedingly common in Europe, the number of horses which are affected with it in Germany and Russia being said to be from eighty-five to ninety per cent.

The disease is quite uncommon, or at least has very seldom been rocognized in this State as yet. Dr. J. C. Meyer, Jr., of Cincinnati, told me a few days ago that he had never seen it at an autopsy and his father but once in a long practice. It is believed that the parasite is propagated and spread in the manner usual to intestinal parasites, and this will explain why several horses have had the disease at this one farm. It is not likely that the disease is one of very rapid spread, nor is it satisfactorily explained how the aneurism kills. It is certainly very curious that the parasite should always choose the first few inches of the anterior mesenteric artery for its abode, and no other vessel.

On August 6th I went to Williamsburg, Clermont county, to see some sheep belonging to Mr. Ezra Chatterton, who made the following statement. In 1887, Mr. Chatterton had four lambs which were taken sick and three of them died. A neighbor had the same trouble that year, but Mr. Chatterton could give no figures. In the outbreak mentioned above, the lambs died in three or four days. This year the first sheep was taken sick about the middle of July. Three sheep were dead by the time I got to Williamsburg and several were sick. Temperatures of four sheep were taken, and were as follows: F. 104.5°, 103.8°, 104.4°, 105.2°. This last sheep, being the one most seriously affected, was killed for autopsy. [See autopsy No. 18.] I should doubt whether the diseases of 1887 and of this year were identical.

Mr. Chatterton thought that the symptoms were the same, but the great difference in the duration of the illness-three or four days in 1887, two or three weeks this year-would hardly seem to point to the same year.

On August 18th I went to Cincinna i to inspect the stock yards with respect to the facilities at the yards for complying with the laws of the United States and of Ohio in the matter of handling southern cattle. The arrangements for feeding and watering cattle in transitu from the scheduled district were not such as to comply with the requirements of your Honorable Commission, and there were no facilities whatever for the im mediate slaughter of such cattle, in the sense of that term contemplated by the law.

On August 25th I went to Newark to make inquiries as to the handling of Texans there. This inquest was provoked by an outbreak of Texas fever among native cattle feeding on pasture after a lot of southern cattle, which had been brought to Newark by a firm of butchers in that city. There are absolutely no facilities in Newark for the lawtul handling of cattle from the scheduled district. The head of this butcher firm was most densely ignorant in the whole matter, and peculiarly enough, knew less about the affair when I questioned him than he did a few days before Dr. Hillock talked with him. However, he made pecuniary satisfaction to the owners of the native cattle so destroyed, without the trouble of a law suit.

On September 8th I went to New Paris in response to a request from a farmers' club of that neighborhood, to locate the source of the almost annual visitations of hog cholera, and to advise as to checking its spread. After a search, which reminded me of the stories of the efforts to locate the milk sickness in the early days of the settlement of this part of the country. I found the cholera not "in the next county," but in the next State. The actually existing cholera was over the line in Indiana. In that neighborhood the hog cholera seems to be enzoötic. At least there has not been a period of twelve months in the last twenty five years which passed without its outbreak. And the time of year seemed to have absolutely no bearing on its eruption. I judge from whatsome of the Indiana farmers told me that it was quite as common to find hogs sick and dying in the winter and spring as in the late summer and autumn. This neighborhood over in Indiana is badly drained. One might almost say swampy, although lying quite high. The little stream which virtually loses itself in this swampy plateau rises on the Ohio side of the line. And it is up the valley of this stream that the disease spreads when it invades Ohio. I

do not wish to be understood as saying that the stream carries the disease up. Of course not. The spread of the hog cholera down a valley is usually very rapid, the disease seeming to appear simultaneously in all the herds having access to the stream. The spread of infection up a valley can of course only be by means other than the stream itself, such as by buzzards, dogs, broken fences, carelessness in visiting sick swine, etc. The last news I had from New Paris was that the disease was slowly working its way up the valley. The advent of cold weather, and the sale of hogs at this season will probably prevent any serious loss.

On October 9th I went to Findlay to learn the facts in regard to a reported outbreak of hog cholera in the southern part of Hancock county. After a long drive I got into the township in which the disease was said to be, but could not find it. With one solitary exception where I found one sick hog, the disease was at the last farm at which I had stopped, or at the next one up the road.

On October 10th I went to Springfield and found a good deal of cholera about six miles south-west of that city.

On October 29th, with the President and Mr. Goodman of your Board, I went to Cincinnati to see some cattle which were in quarantine at the stock yards, being sick with Texas fever.

And again on November 4th I went to Cincinnati to see autopsies on two of the steers which had died. These cattle had been shipped from Chattanooga, having been driven thither from Sweet Gum, Van Buren county, Tennessee. Although, in general, southern cattle are not liable to death from Texas fever, the actual northern boundary of the Texas fever area shifts many miles each season, depending on the severity of the winter, it is evident that these cattle, although coming from south of the legal line, were infected in Chattanooga or in the cars used in their transportation. Up to November 4th thirty-one out of fifty-six had died, notwithstanding the fact that a Cincinnati veterinarian had dehorned all the survivors in the belief that that operation was an infallible preventive of further infection.

On December 8th I went to Mt. Victory, Hardin county, to inoculate forty-two pigs for Mr. G. W. Gill, of this city. A year ago last September Mr. Gill had inoculated some sixty head, in a small field in which they were kept for some weeks. This last September one of Mr. Gill's tenant farmers put twenty-three pigs into this field. At the end of two weeks all the pigs were taken sick, three died in a few days, and the rest were sold off.

No one of the farmers on the place has been there more than two years, so that it can not be ascertained whether there had been hog cholera in that field at any time within the last half dozen years. Therefore, it can not be said that the infection of the field was brought about by the inoculations of last year. This much seems certain however, that the pigs were infected in that field.

On Saturday, December 12th, I went to Milford Center and was kindly driven, by Dr. J. L. Boylan, out to the farm of Mr. James Connor. On the Saturday before, December 5th, Mr. Connor noticed that a bunch of fifty-one fat hogs, averaging two hundred weight, did not come up to feed as eagerly as usual. On Tuesday, the 8th, three died. On Thursday he buried sixteen which had died since Wednesday night. While he was putting the bodies into the trench, one pig which seemed in perfect health and activity, climbed part way down into the hole and tried to eat the snout of one of the dead hogs. The noise made by his teeth striking the ring attracked the attention of Mr. Connor, and he drove the pig away. Twice this happened, yet before the trench was filled up this pig was dead. The last of the fifty-one died Saturday morning early and was still warm when I made the autopsy. (See No. 28.] Five or six pigs which had died since Friday noon were lying around. The white pigs among them showed the most intense lesions of the skin I have ever seen. In one case the whole body was of a dusky red color, and in all the ears were very red and soggy, the bodies being covered more or less closely with large reddish-purple patches. No explanation could be devised as to the method of infection, it being Mr. Connor's idea that perhaps quail hunters had carried infected soil on their boots into his pen.

During the year members or officers of this Board visited Toledo, Cleveland, Belpre, Dayton, Springfield, Cincinnati and Newark, looking after the handling of cattle from the scheduled districts. It is known that at Toledo and at Cleveland the stock yards have complied with the requirements of the law in setting apart pens for the special use of Texans, and it is believed that at both places great care is constantly taken to obey the law. At Cincinnati there were at the first of November no facilities whatever for the immediate slaughter of Texans, within the contemplation of the law, and the facilities for feeding and watering Texans in transitu were, at that date, by no means of such character as to comply with the requirements of this Board. The handling of cattle from the scheduled district at Cincinnati should be strictly forbidden until such time as the yards and the slaughter-houses present such arrangements as will satisty an inspecting officer from this Board.

Two placarded cars were found at Ashtabula this year.

Two car loads from the scheduled district, in cars not known to have been placarded, turned up in Columbus, but fortunately no infection took place.

The case at Newark has been referred to.