placed upon the law affecting his domicile with its civil and political rights and privileges during his absence in the service of the country, while, on the other hand, the public is equally concerned as to the conditions under which a new domicile or residence may be acquired by those in the military service and stationed at many places in the several States.

Hence a very careful examination of the authorities bearing upon this question has been made, and we submit as a correct statement of the law the following:

(1) In the case of an officer or enlisted man in the Military Establishment, held that his domicile during his continuance in the service is the domicile or residence which he had when he received his appointment as an officer or entered into an enlistment contract with the United States. This is true whether such a domicile was original-that is, established by nativity-or by residence with the requisite intention, or derivative, as that of a wife, minor, or dependent. This residence or domicile does not change while the officer remains in the military service, as his movements as an officer are due to military orders; and his residence, so long as it results from the operation of such orders, is constrained, a form of residence that works no change in domicile.

(la) A person in the military service of the United States is entitled to vote where he has his legal residence, provided he has the qualifications prescribed by the laws of the State. He does not lose such residence by reason of being absent in the service of the United States. The laws of a particular State in which he is stationed and has only a temporary as distinguished from a legal residence may, however, permit him to vote in that State after a certain period of actual residence. (Digest of Opinions of the Judge Advocate General of the Army, Howland, pp. 976978.)

Also from McCrary on Elections, page 70, sections 90 and 91.

Sec. 90. The fact that an elector is a soldier in the Army of the United States does not disqualify him from voting at his place of residence, but he can not acquire a residence, so as to qualify him as a voter, by being stationed at a military post whilst in the service of the United States.

Sec. 91. Soldiers in the United States Army can not acquire a residence. by being long quartered in a particular place, and though upon being discharged from the service they remain in the place where they have previously been quartered, if a year's residence in that place is required as a qualification for voting, they must remain there one year from the date of discharge before acquiring the right to vote.

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One rather suspects an Irish hand in the making of some of the Kansas laws, as, for instance, the one which states, if our information is correct, that when two trains meet at a crossing each is to stop, whistle and wait until the other gets by."-Boston Transcript.

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A Sub-Caliber for the 37 mm. Gun

The use of the sub-caliber apparatus in nearly all kinds of artillery training has been common for a long time. In the majority of types of artillery, the one-pounder is the sub-caliber used, and the idea that there might be an advantage in a sub-caliber for the one-pounder would rarely suggest itself.

But that a sub-caliber, using cal. 30 ammunition in the 37 mm. cannon can be of value, has been demonstrated by a one-pounder platoon of the American Forces in Germany, and the author gives the design of the apparatus and his experiments with same, in the hope that a similar apparatus could

be used advantageously by other onepounder platoon commanders.

The sub-caliber's primary use is to train gun crews and in doing this it has had all the good features of a sub-caliber in a larger cannon. Its training value-though not widely diverse-is practical and apparent, and can be summed up as follows:

(a) The greater part of the theory of fire, the operation of the piece, methods of sighting, the value of proper "holding" and laying on the auning

though it were a concrete piece of equipment.

(c) The gunner learns his sight. In the French telescopic sight, the lens is so constructed that, though the cross hairs might seem to be accurately placed on the aiming point from one point in the lens, the eye can be moved about one centimeter to the right or left and the cross hairs will appear to have moved fully one millimeter off the aimir.g point. This "flexibility" in the sight will make a great error in the firing at

B

A

point, can be demonstrated to the crew without the expenditure of the more expensive ammunition.

(b) Using the one thousand inch range, the gun crew, by seeing the actual point of impact, can understand. immediately how a change of one mil on the sight changes the point of impact one inch on the target. Larger changes at larger ranges are then explained and the mil (which is usually considered mysterious) becomes a tangible, easily understood unit of measure. The apparatus gives the instructor a trajectory that he can "handle" and work with, as

a long range and until the gunner learns to put his eye in exactly the same place at the eye piece, he cannot get accurate results. The sub-caliber teaches this to the gunner and after some practice a comparatively new gunner can place a number of shots in the same hole at the thousand inch range.

(d) Using the quadrant sight with the sub-caliber, the gunner is taught to level the bubble accurately and can see how much the slightest error in centering the bubble will throw him off the target. All the features of indirect fire not involving the figuring of a mini

DESCRIPTION OF APPARATUS

The barrel used is a Browning Machine Gun barrel. A solid piece of brass was turned down to the exact outside dimensions of the ordinary 37 mm. cartridge case. This case was screwed on the barrel, care being taken that the axis of the barrel was in the center of the brass case. Another piece of brass was screwed on the front of the barrel and this was turned down to exactly fit in the bore of the 37 mm. cannon near the muzzle. Thus the machine-gun barrel, with the case (a) on the breech and the round bushing (b) on the muzzle, slides without play into the bore of the one pounder barrel; the brass case (a) fitting in the breech as an ordinary shell.

The sub-caliber barrel is placed in the bore of the one-pounder and employs the same method of regulation and the same firing mechanism without any alteration being made to the cannon. The firing pin of the one-pounder sets off the percussion cap of the cal. 30 in the same manner as in firing the ordinary shell. The butt of the cartridge rests firmly against the breechblock, thus preventing the danger of a blowout or back-fire.

The extractor requires a modification in the extractor commonly used. A small lug was welded to the tip of the extractor face. This lug extends in a groove cut in the butt of the turned case and engages in the extractor groove in the cal. 30. The opening of the breechblock ejects the cal. 30 in the same manner as the 37-mm. shell is ordinarily ejected. In the absence of an extractor, and as rapidity of fire is not a desired.

THE RANGE USED

The range used is an ordinary one thousand inch machine-gun range, employing landscape targets which, to insure stability, are pasted on a smooth board surface. A mi scale is painted along the bottom edge of the targets. Each member of the class can figure the corrections to be made and can check up on the Chief of Piece, who is regulating with the use of the EE glass. Of course the mil changes are small, but so is the target and range. The whole procedure is miniature, but in reality is more interesting than field firing, and in addition shoots ammunition at ten cents per round rather than one dollar per round.

The platoon that has demonstrated the value of the sub-caliber has won first place in every shooting competition it has been in. In 1920 its trophies were: two silver loving cups, fifteen silver medals, three certificates of merit, signed by the Commanding General, A. F. G., two blue ribbons and cash prizes amounting to over 10,000 marks. One of the loving cups was won when the platoon took first place in all three events in a competition shoot with the champion one-pounder team of the French Army, and the platoon commander attributes the success of the platoon to the fact that it was trained by the use of this home-made subcaliber.

E. J. BOND,

Ist Lieutenant, 8th Infantry.

Money is like the sporting gent of the old booze days-the tighter it gets the louder it talks.

The Military Engineer

The March-April number of The Military Engineer, which is the Journal of the Society of American Military Engineers, is fully up to the high standard established by previous issues of this periodical. The number covers, in The number covers, in an excellent manner, engineering and military activities which are of interest not only to the professional military engineer but to all others engaged in the fields of military or engineering

service.

The frontispiece is an excellent fullpage half-tone of the new Secretary of War, John Wingate Weeks. The principal article is on "The Operation of Motor Trucks in War," by Major G. R. Young, Corps of Engineers, who, under the direction of Brigadier General George Van Horn Moseley, Assistant Chief of Staff (G-4), G. H. Q., A. E. F., had charge of General Staff activities connected with the Motor Transport Service. This article is followed by comments by Major General James G. Harbord, Commanding General of the S. O. S., and Colonel M. L. Walker, formerly Chief of the Motor Transport Corps in the A. E. F. Other commentators are Brigadier General Malin Craig, Colonel H. C. Smither and Lieutenant Colonel George P. Tyner. The articles of military interest include a discussion on Staff Control by Majors C. L. Hall and Brehon Somervell, Corps Engineers, and one on the Engineer Reserve Officers' Training Corps by Captain P. H. Tansey, Engineers; a discussion of Railroad Training for Army Engineers by Major L. A. Jenny and Lieutenant Colonel F. W. Green of the Transportation Corps, and Colonels E. A. Gibbs and C. W. Sturtevant, formerly of the 15th Engineers (Railway).

Articles on engineering subjects relate to "The Galveston Seawall Extension," the Ice Problem at Power Plants, Locks and other Structures in Canadian Streams, "Air Temperatures in the New York-New Jersey Vehicular Tunnels," and Dredging Tests and Pipe Lines of various U. S. Dredges. There is also a reprint of an interesting article which originally appeared in the Royal Engineers Journal on the subject of "Mechanical Warfare on Land." The editorials are devoted to "The Army Officer and the Engineer as Salesmen," "The Congress and the Army," "The Military and Non-Military Mind

Combined" and "The R. O. T. C." Not the least readable is a "poem" on "The Three Hundred," inspired by the fact that eligibility to the General Staff Corps can be established only by graduation from the General Staff School at Leavenworth except for the lucky three hundred (300) whose names were borne on the original eligibility Staff list.

Picture Industry, only two or three had any assets or proved earning capacity when the stock was offered for "investment."

Captain Jerome Simmonds, an assistant United States District Attorney, has asked the press to warn the investing public against fraudulent motion picture companies. His office is daily in receipt of complaints from investors who say they have put money into such companies only to find that they have been swindled. The oil boom, he says, has been overdone by crooked promoters and the motion picture industry offers them the next biggest field for their talents. The popularity of the movies, the stories of the enormous salaries paid movie stars and the big earnings of the successful companies afford crooked stock promoters an opportunity which, unless nipped in the bud, will yield a richer harvest this year than last.

They also, he emphasizes, have capitalized the inherent ambition which so many persons, particularly girls and young men, have to become Mary Pickfords and Douglas Fairbankses. One of the inducements to buy stock in prospective producing companies is the promise to cast stockholders in one of the first pictures to be produced.

One company which was struggling with the production of a film play near New York last summer boomed the sale of its shares in this manner. Scores of movie contracts were given to purchasers of stock. When the company began filming, manicure girls, waitresses, stenographers, bootblacks, and representatives of a dozen other callings-all stockholders-stormed studio and presented their contracts for engagements. Some of these prospective movie stars came from places hun

the

dreds of miles distant. Of course, none of them got engagements. When they arrived at the studio their attention was called to an inconspicuous clause in the contracts stating that they must be countersigned by the casting director.

Few of the wild-cat movie companies, however, ever get so far as having a real studio. Most of them never get beyond the stage of a cheap, showy office, usually in a loft building with part of a loft staged with a couple of secondhand picture machines, calcium lights, a screen painted on a wall, and a few other movie props.

The victims of the fake movie com- . panies have been people who could least afford to lose money-little tradesmen and wage earners. One young woman, the sole support of a widowed mother and an invalid aunt, wrote the vigilance committee that she had invested her entire savings, about $3,000, in a company promoted by a former dancing instructor. He promised her, like others who invested with him, to star her on the screen. The company never got beyond the stock selling stage.

The legitimate film producing companies, next to the victims of the crooked promoters, are the worst sufferers because of the ill repute the fake companies cast on the whole industry.

Tony, with a flushed face and angry eye, approached the desk of the E. and R. School director. He said:

"I queet! I don' want no more educate!"

"Why?" asked the director.

"In France I loosa de gun. Cap'en he say, 'Tony, where de hell dat gun?' I say, Cap'en, I don' know.' He say, 'You don' know! All right, you taka thirt