hereafter erected, shall be entitled to a separate representation, until a sufficient number of taxable inhabitants shall be contained within it, to entitle them to one Representative, agreeably to the ratio which shall then be established.

SECT. V. The Senators shall be chosen for four years, by the citizens of Philadelphia, and of the several counties, at the same time, in the same manner, and at the same places, where they shall vote for Representatives.

SECT. VI. The number of Senators shall, at the several periods of making the enumeration before mentioned, be fixed by the legislature, and apportioned among the districts, formed as herein after directed, according to the number of taxable inhabitants in each; and shall never be less than one fourth, nor greater than one-third, of the number of Representatives.

SECT. VII. The Senators shall be chosen in districts, to be formed by the legislature, each district containing such a number of taxable inhabitants, as shall be entitled to elect not more than four Senators: When a district shall be composed of two or more counties, they shall be adjoining. Neither the city of

Philadelphia, nor any county shall be divided, in forming a district.

SECT. VIII. No person shall be a Senator, who shall not have attained the age of twenty-five years, and have been a citizen and inhabitant of the state four years next before his election, and the last year thereof, an inhabitant of the district for which he shall be chosen, unless he shall have been absent, on the public business of the United States or of this state.

SECT. IX, Immediately after the Senators shall be assembled, in consequence of the first election, subsequent to the first enumeration, they shall be divided, by lot, as equally as may be, into four classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the first year, of the second class at the expiration of the second year, of the third class at the expiration of the third year, and of the fourth class at the expiration of the fourth year; so that one-fourth may be chosen every year.

SECT. X. The General Assembly shall meet on the first Tuesday of December in every year, unless sooner convened by the Governor.

SECT. XI. Each House shall choose its Speaker and other officers; and the Senate shall also choose a Speaker pro tempore, when the Speaker shall exercise the office of Governor.

SECT. XII. Each House shall judge of the qualifications of its members. Contested elections shall be determined by a committee, to be selected, formed and regulated in such manner as shall be directed by law. A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized, by law, to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner, and under such penalties, as may be provided.

SECT. XIII. Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behaviour, and, with the concurrence of two thirds, expel a member, but not a second time for the same cause; and shall have all other powers necessary for a branch of the legislature of a free state.

SECT. XIV. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and publish them weekly, except such parts as may require secrecy: and the yeas and nays of the mem

bers, on any question, shall, at the desire of any two of them, be entered on the journals.

SECT. XV. The doors of each House, and of committees of the whole, shall be open, unless when the business shall be such as ought to be kept secret.

SECT. XVI. Neither House shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.

SECT. XVII. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the Commonwealth. They shall, in all cases, except treason, felony, and breach or surety of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of the respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same: And for any speech or debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other place.

SECT. XVIII. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he shall have been elected, be appointed to any civil office under this Commonwealth, which shall have been created, or the emoluments of

which shall have been increased, during such time; and no member of Congress, or other person holding any office (except of attorney at law, and in the militia) under the United States, or this Commonwealth, shall be a member of either House during his continuance in Congress, or in office.

SECT. XIX. When vacancies happen in either House, the Speaker shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.

SECT. XX. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose amendments, as in other bills.

SECT. XXI. No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law.

SECT. XXII. Every bill which shall have passed both Houses, shall be presented to the Governor: If he approve, he shall sign it; but if he shall not approve, he shall return it, with his objections, to the House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large upon their journals, and proceed to reconsider it; If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, with