The other nominees were H. Miles Moore, for Lieutenant-Governor, superseded before election by F. W. Frasius; Allen G. Thurman for Secretary of State; W. H. Willhert for Auditor; William H. White for Treasurer; I. F. Differbaker for Attorney-General; A. N. Cole for Superintendent of Public Instruction; and W. P. Campbell for Associate Justice of the Supreme Court. Resolutions were adopted ratifying the work of the St. Louis National Convention, urging the necessity of tariff reform, and continuing as follow:

We are opposed to all sumptuary laws as being vicious in principle and unsuccessful in practice; also the action of the Republican party of Kansas in passing the law for the establishment of a metropolitan police system in certain cities in this State, and for its inequitable and unfair application and enforcement of the same for purely political reasons. We denounce the system as being partial, unjust, and undemocratic. It is a substantial denial of home rule and the right of local self-government. It impeaches the intelligence, challenges the integrity, and denies the patriotism of the people affected by it. It brands them individually and collectively as being ignorant, vicious, dishonest, corrupt, and wholly incapable of selfgovernment, and we demand a repeal of the law.

We oppose any system of State policy which permits competition between convict and Chinese labor and the labor of the free American workman.

We favor the abolition of the grand-jury system as a useless and unnecessary measure, which adds greatly to the cost burdens of a tax-ridden people, and we demand its repeal as expensive and inquisitional legal machinery.

The Prohibitionist Convention was held at Hutchinson on July 18. It nominated the following ticket: Governor, Rev. J. D. Botkin, of Wichita; Lieutenant-Governor, R. J. Freeley; Secretary of State, L. K. McIntyre; Treasurer, R. M. Stonaker; Auditor, Gabriel Burdett; Attorney-General, Stanton A. Hyer; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Miss S. A. Brown; Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, J. O. Pickering. The usual prohibition resolutions were passed, woman suffrage was demanded, tariff reform was favored, and restrictions upon immigration, a liberal pension law, and arbitration between nations and between employer and employed were advocated. It was further resolved that

We demand that the General Government shall by equitable and lawful means own and operate all railways and telegraphs in the interest of the whole people.

We demand that the interest be so regulated by national law that the average net earnings of capital shall not exceed the average net earnings of agriculture and labor.

We favor such a change in our present system as shall provide for the election of President, VicePresident, and United States Senators by a direct vote of the people.

We are opposed to the acquisition of landed estates by persons not citizens of the United States, or who have not under oath made bona-fide declaration of their intention to become such. And we believe the time has come when ownership of land should be so limited as to preserve a reasonable amount as a homestead for the citizen, and prevent the further acquisition of large bodies by corporations and individual speculators.

As under the Constitution and laws of the State all

errors and irregularities of the inferior courts may be corrected by proper proceedings in the Supreme the action of Gov. Martin in exercising executive Court, a tribunal composed entirely of Republicans, clemency to release convicted liquor-sellers who have not sought a review of their cases in the Supreme or other proper court for the correction of errors, is un attempt to destroy the confidence of the people in the courts, thereby inciting lawlessness and disobedience to public authority; and such conduct on the part of the Governor, under solemn oath to obey the Constitution and enforce the laws, merits and deserves the condemnation of all citizens, irrespective of party affiliation and regardless of personal views as to the policy of prohibition.

The Republicans held their State Convention at Topeka on July 26, and on the third ballot nominated Lyman U. Humphrey for Governor. The remainder of the ticket was as follows: Lieutenant-Governor, A. J. Felt; Secretary of State, Williams Higgins; Auditor, Timothy McCarthy; Treasurer, James W. Hamilton; Attorney-General, L. B. Kellogg Superintendent of Public Instruction, G. W. Winans; Associate Justice, W. A. Johnston. After approving the work of the Chicago convention, and the character of the present State administration, the platform continues as follow:

We believe in the protection of the home against the saloon. We demand the complete execution of cluding the vigorous prosecution of officers who fail the prohibitory laws in every part of the State, inlican party of Kansas is convinced that prohibition is to perform their duties under the law. The Repubright, and is a success, and we assert that those who seek a refuge in the third, or Prohibition, party, blindly seek a revolution in our Government for that which a revolution can not give.

We demand stringent laws to protect our workingmen against contract, pauper, or Chinese immigrants, and every class who would drag down by mere cheapness the standard which American workingmen are struggling to maintain. We favor American markets workingmen of America. And we favor such additional legislation as will secure weekly payments of wages to employés of municipal and private corporations, and also a practical apprenticeship law, so that our handicraftsmen may have additional protection against foreign labor.

for American products, and American wages for the

All so-called "trusts" or combinations to monopolize food-supplies or control productions are dangerous to the interests of the people, and should be prohibited under the severest penalties of law. The "trust" or combination of the packing-houses to drive out of business all other butchers, and thus control the cattle markets, as well as the supply and prices of dressed meats, is especially obnoxious and destructive to the interests of all classes of the people, and particularly to those in Western States.

The Republican party will ever retain a sense of gratitude to those through whose valor Kansas and the nation became free, and the union of our States preserved. We especially commend the action of the Legislature in making provision for the maintenance of orphans of soldiers in a soldiers' orphans' home, and we heartily indorse the resolutions adopted by the Grand Army of the Republic at its last State encampment at Winfield on the subject of pensions.

We request our railroad commissioners to do all in their power to protect the farmers of this State against the excessive charges in the removal of the vast crops assured to Kansas this year.

We favor legislation reducing the legal rate of interest upon money to six per cent., reducing the maximum contract rate to ten per cent., prohibiting usury, and providing penalties for violations thereof.

There was also a Union Labor ticket in the field, headed by P. P. Elder.

At the November election the Republican State and National tickets were successful, receiving a large majority of the vote cast. For Governor, Humphrey received 180,841 votes; Martin, 107,480; Botkin, 6,439; and Elder, 35,837. The State Legislature, chosen at the same time, is overwhelmingly Republican, only four Democrats being elected to the House and one to the Senate. Seven Republican Congressmen, the entire State delegation, were chosen.

Two amendments to the State Constitution were voted upon at the same election-one permitting colored citizens to join the State militia, the other giving the Legislature power to regulate the rights of aliens to the ownership of land in the State. Both amendments were adopted, the former by a vote of 223,474 in favor and 22,251 against; the latter by a vote of 220,419 in favor and 16,611 against.

KENTUCKY. State Government.-The following were the State officers during the year: Governor, Simon B. Buckner, Democrat; Lieutenant-Governor, James W. Bryan; Secretary of State, George M. Adams; Auditor, Fayette Hewitt; Treasurer, James W. Tate, succeeded by Stephen G. Sharp; Attorney-General, P. W. Hardin; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Joseph D. Pickett; Register of the Land Office, Thomas H. Corbett; Railroad Commissioners, J. P. Thompson, A. R. Boone, John D. Young; Chief-Justice of the Court of Appeals, William S. Pryor; Associate Justices, William H. Holt, Joseph H. Lewis, Caswell Bennett.

Legislative Session. The General Assembly, which met at Frankfort on the last day of 1887, remained in session over four months, adjourning on May 4. Early in January James B. Beck was nominated by the Democratic caucus and re-elected United States Senator for a third term, beginning in March, 1889. No fewer than 1,571 acts and 86 resolutions, covering nearly 3,400 printed pages, were passed during the session, of which only 168 acts, covering 216 pages, are of a general na ture. Aside from legislation growing out of the defalcation of Treasurer Tate, an important act of the session provides for a second election by the people in August, 1889, on the question of calling a convention to revise the Constitution, the first election, in August of last year, having been favorable to such a convention. Another act amends, revises, and codifies the common-school laws. It was also enacted that no juror should be challenged for having read newspaper accounts of a crime, or for having formed an opinion or impression therefrom, provided he shall declare upon oath that he believes he can render an impartial verdict according to the law and the evidence. An appropriation of $150,000 was made for the completion of the Eddyville Penitentiary to the extent of accommodating at least 418 convicts; and, in order to forward the work so

that convicts now leased outside the prisonwalls may be employed within the prison, in labor not competing with free labor, a further sum of $50,000 was placed at the disposal of the Governor, if he should find it necessary. Improvements at the Institute for Deaf Mutes and at the Eastern Lunatic Asylum were provided for. Other acts of the session were as follow:

Requiring all buildings of three or more stories, in cities of more than 10,000 inhabitants, in which over 20 persons are employed, to be provided with fire-escapes.

viding for the establishment of agricultural experiAccepting the provisions of the act of Congress proment stations in connection with the agricultural colleges.

Making actual possession unnecessary in order that an owner may maintain an action of trespass. Establishing a State Board of Pharmacy, defining its duties and powers, and regulating the practice of pharmacy in the State.

Making May 30 a legal holiday.

Providing for the continuation of the geological survey of the State.

Requiring all teachers in the State to obtain certificates of qualification from the county board of examiners.

lie improvements, in favor of persons furnishing Creating a lien on canals, railroads, and other publabor or materials therefor.

Providing for the parole of prisoners confined in the State Penitentiary under the direction of the commissioners of the sinking fund.

Establishing a State Board of Equalization of As

sessments.

Providing for the care and custody of vagrant and destitute children in the city of Louisville.

Regulating the conduct of municipal elections in the city of Louisville.

Treasurer Tate's Defalcation.-On March 20 a message was sent to the Legislature by Gov. Buckner announcing that he had suspended the State Treasurer from office, and conveying the information that a large deficit had been found in his accounts. As no intimation had before been received by the Legislature or the public of any irregularities, none in fact being known to exist until the day preceding, this announcement created great surprise. Tate, generally called "Honest Dick Tate," had been universally trusted and popular, having been renominated without opposition by his party at each biennial convention for twenty years, his term of service dating from 1868. At the same time it was discovered that he had been missing from the capital for several days and had escaped from the country. The Legislature at once adopted a resolution offering a reward of $5,000 for his capture, and by another resolution confirmed the act of the Governor in suspending the defaulting official and authorized him to appoint a successor until Tate should be restored to his office or a successor should be regularly elected. Under this act the Governor appointed Stephen G. Sharp on March 27. The Senate then resolved itself into a court of impeachment, summoned the various State officers as witnesses, and on March 30, after a formal trial, found the missing Treasurer guilty of misappropriating the public

funds, whereupon he was deposed from office. On March 31 the Governor appointed a commission to examine the accounts of the late Treasurer and ascertain the exact liability of his sureties. The report of this commission, laid before the Legislature by the Governor on April 24, shows that Tate's defalcations had extended over a term of years, beginning with 1876, and that the total amount missing was $229,009.21. To offset this sum there were found in the treasury vaults due-bills and other evidences of indebtedness to the late Treasurer amounting to $59,782.80, showing that he had not only used the funds of the State himself, but had lent them freely to others. For the purpose of making a settlement with these debtors of Tate, the Legislature created a commission, to be filled by appointment of the Governor, which entered upon its duties in May, and before the end of the year had made terms with nearly all persons indebted to the late Treasnrer. The proceeds derived from these assets, and from other property left behind by Tate, reduced the liability of his bondsmen below $200,000. In June criminal proceedings were begun against him in Franklin County, where he was indicted under several counts for embezzlement. To guard against similar episodes in the future, the Legislature passed an act creating the office of State Inspector and Examiner. This officer is appointed and removable by the Governor, and is required to examine annually the management of the Auditor's and Treasurer's office, all the public institutions, and all other officers intrusted with property of the State, to be present at each monthly settlement between the Auditor and the Treasurer, and to report to the Governor his findings in all investigations.

Assessments.-The following table shows the assessed value of property in the State for 1888 and the changes made by the State Board of Equalization recently created:

the Second Appellate District an election for Judge of the Court of Appeals was also held, at which Judge William S. Pryor was reelected without opposition. No general election for State officers was held. In November the Democratic National ticket was successful. Democratic Congressmen were elected in nine districts, and Republicans in two.

Rowan County.-The Legislature, early in its session, appointed a committee to investigate the disturbances occurring in this county in 1887 and previously, and to report upon the conduct of Judge Cole in his administration of justice there. This committee visited Rowan County, and, after taking much testimony, made a report in March, censuring Judge Cole and recommending the abolition of the county courts. The Legislature passed an act removing it from the fourteenth and annexing it to the thirteenth judicial district, thus taking it from the jurisdiction of Judge Cole, who was permitted to retain his office.

Pike County Disorders.-Early in January the inhabitants of Pike County petitioned the Governor for arms and ammunition to defend themselves against threatened attacks from West Virginia. The difficulties grew out of a feud between the family of McCoys in this county and the Hatfield family of Logan County, West Virginia. This feud originated in 1882, when, in an election dispute, one of the McCoys shot and killed a Hatfield. Four McCoys were arrested for this act, captured by a Hatfield mob, carried into West Virginia, and then secretly taken back to Kentucky and shot. The matter had rested since that time till September, 1887, when Gov. Buckner offered $500 reward for the murderers of the McCoys, and at the same time made a requisition for them upon the Governor of West Virginia, which the latter refused. Later in the year the sheriff of Pike County, induced by this reward, entered Logan County, captured three of the Hatfield party, and lodged them in the Pike County jail. The remaining Hatfields retaliated on New Year's eve by burning the house of the elder McCoy and killing his wife, daughter, and son. The father escaped, and at once organized a party of about thirty men, who invaded Logan County, killed two of the Hatfields in an encounter, and later capt

The Insane. The State supports three asylums for the benefit of the insane. During 1887 the daily average number of patients at the Western Asylum was 580; at the Central, 738; and at the Eastern, 635. The steward's expenses at the Western Asylum amounted to $94,282.95, or an average of $162.55 for each patient; at the Central the expenses were $135.744.99, or an average of $183.93; and at the Eastern the amount was $106,325.98, or an average of $167.35.

Political. On August 6 elections for county officers were held throughout the State. In

Pikeville jail. About the middle of January another party from Kentucky made a second attack and killed another of the Hatfields. Late in the month the Governor of West Virginia sent a special agent to Gov. Buckner asking for the surrender of the captured Hatfields; but his mission was fruitless. The Governor then appealed to Judge Barr, of the United States Circuit Court, for a writ of habeas corpus; but Judge Barr, after a hearing on February 20, decided that the prisoners were properly in the custody of Kentucky authorities. During July and August, and later still, encounters took place upon the bor

der between the two clans, and other murders were committed. The Governor also increased his reward for the Hatfield leaders to $5,000, and early in the year stationed a company of Kentucky State troops at Pikeville to prevent a rescue of the Hatfields. At the close of the year the difficulties were still unsettled.

KING'S DAUGHTERS. An incorporated society, having its headquarters in New York city, chapters in the different States, and circles in numerous localities. The society grew from the meetings of a few charitably inclined women in January, 1886, at the house of Mrs. F. Bottome, in New York city. It was first intended to put into practice the system of working by means of clubs of ten, as recommended by Edward Everett Hale; but as the organization grew, this system of tens was found to be impracticable if closely adhered to, and the local clubs are permitted to consist of any number of members. The organization has now over 50,000 members. The object of the society is to promote the association of women into small clubs for the development of spiritual life and charitable activity. Any person that claims to be a Christian may become a member. The members wear as a badge a silver Maltese cross, engraved with the initials I. H. N., and bearing the date 1886. The yearly membership fee is ten cents; a payment of $25 constitutes a contributor; and the payment of $100 a donor. The motto of the society is "In His Name."

The management of the affairs of the society is vested in a Central Council consisting of not fewer than ten women, who must be members of the society and pay a yearly fee of one dollar. Vacancies in this council are filled by the remaining councilors. The officers are a president, vice president, treasurer, general secretary, corresponding secretary, and recording secretary. No salaries are paid to any of the officers or councilors. The business of the society was at first attended to at the homes of the officers; but as the membership grew it was found necessary to procure separate quarters and employ clerks. The business headquarters are now at No. 47 West Twenty-Second Street, New York city. Each circle usually devotes itself to some special phase of work; for example:

To visit the sick, poor, and aged; to clothe them, and to write letters for those unable to do it them

selves.

LABRADOR, a country between the fiftieth and sixty-second parallels of north latitude, which forms a peninsula in the extreme northeastern part of North America; area, about 420,000 square miles. The south coast extends from the small Salmon river, which flows into the Strait of Belle Isle, opposite Newfound

To visit strangers, and welcome them to the church and prayer-meeting. To take active part in the latter, and to be punctual and regular in attendance at Work in hospitals, orphan asylums, nurseries, poorhouses.

all church services.

Indian mission in Indian Territory. Assisting home missionary in southern Virginia.

To raise money for Sunday-school building.
To raise money for sending poor girls to the seashore.

To be ready to speak and work for the Master; to live close to him.

To follow out the Golden Rule.

Bible study, with hope of outcome in practical work in many fields.

Letters for Christmas-letter mission. Collecting pictures and cards, and making scrapbooks for children in hospitals.

Making garments, towels, bibs, etc., to start day

Each circle is known by a separate name, for example: Thoughtful Ten, Willing Ten, Clothing Ten, Children's Ten, Knitting Ten, "Inasmuch" Ten, Truthful Ten, Considerate Ten, Charity Ten, Visiting-Sick Ten, FancyWork Ten, Widows' Ten, Helping Ten, "Withhold not" Ten, Peacemakers, Memorial Circle. Each circle also has its separate motto, usually a text from the New Testament. The existence of one hundred members of the order in any State entitles the State to a State secretary, appointed by the Central Council, for one year. The State secretary has the appointment of county secretaries. The circles in each county report the work done by them to the county secretaries, who in turn report to their State secretary, and the State secretaries report to the Central Council. These secretaries receive no pay, but are not infrequently furnished by the circles over which they have supervision with funds to pay office-rent and clerk-hire.

The King's Sons is an organization for men and boys, similar in purpose to the King's Daughters and managed by that society.

land, northeastward on the Atlantic Ocean, presenting a large mass of high rocks, a bar rier against the Arctic icebergs. In the north the country borders on Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay; in the west, on Hudson Bay. The inland boundary, toward Canada, is not established.