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people is scarcely conceivable in these days when railroads, their managers and their affairs generally are the targets for every man's abuse and criticism. Counties all over the state freely issued bonds in aid of new railroad projects, and the national government granted to the Illinois Central railroad every alternate section of land along its entire line from one end of the state to the other.

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CHICAGO-FOUR MILE LIMIT LIQUOR TRAFFIC FORBIDDEN-FINANCIAL BEGINNINGS OF THE UNIVERSITY-EARLY BUILDINGS OF THE UNIVERSITY-FIRST RIVALS AFTER LOCATING THE UNIVERSITY-EARLY CHURCHES-GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE- MRS. GARRETT'S WILL-HECK HALL DEDICATED OTHER BUILDINGS ADDED-NORTHWESTERN FEMALE COLLEGE-"LADY ELGIN" DISASTER IN 1860EVANSTON STUDENTS IN WORK OF RESCUE-EDWARD W. SPENCER-THE SCENE ON THE SHORE THREE HUNDRED LIVES LOST AWAKENING OF THE WAR SPIRIT DIFFERENCES OF SENTIMENT AMONG THE COMMUTERS EVANSTON MILITARY RECORD DISTINGUISHED UNION LEADERS FROM EVANSTON-NAMES OF MEN ENLISTED FROM EVANSTON-TWO MEN JOIN CONFEDERATE ARMY FROM EVANSTONTHE EIGHTH ILLINOIS CAVALRY.

THE NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

HE organization of the Northwestern University occurred something over two years before its location at Evanston had been fully decided upon. The several steps in the organization of the University and its final location may be briefly described as follows:

On the 31st day of May, 1850, a meeting of a few gentlemen was held in the office of Grant Goodrich in Chicago, the object of which was to take steps towards founding a university "to be under the control and patronage of the Methodist Episcopal Church." Among those present at the meeting were Grant Goodrich, Rev. Zadoc Hall, Rev. Richard Haney, Rev. R. H. Blanchard, Orrington Lunt, Dr. John Evans, J. K. Botsford, Henry W. Clarke, and Andrew J. Brown. The result of the meeting was an application to the state legislature for a charter which was granted in an act passed January 28th, 1851. Pursuant to this act the Northwestern University was formally organized June 14th, 1851.

THE FIRST BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

The president of the first Board of Trustees was Dr. John Evans, a prominent citizen of Chicago and devoted to the interests of the Methodist church. Soon after he became president Dr. Evans on behalf of the Board of Trustees arranged for the purchase of the block of ground in Chicago upon which now stands the Grand Pacific Hotel and the Illinois Trust and Savings Bank. The purchase price was eight thousand dollars. The purpose in view in making this purchase was the building of a preparatory school upon the site, but this purpose was after

wards abandoned. The land, however, was retained and is now a valuable asset of the University. "This was the smartest thing we ever did," said Mr. Orrington Lunt, one of the trustees, many years later. "There was nothing particularly smart in the purchasing, but the smart thing was in the keeping of it, for it is now (1888) worth a million dollars." June 22d, 1853, Clark T. Hinman was elected the first president of the University, though no buildings had been erected as yet and no site even selected. Several locations were under consideration and finally a party, prominent in which was Mr. Lunt, visited the lake shore in the Township of Ridgeville and decided on the site now occupied by the University. A tract of three hundred and eighty acres was purchased from Dr. John H. Foster in August, 1853. A part of the land was laid out for a campus, a building erected, and the University was opened to students November 5th, 1855. A year or more before this time, in October, 1854, Dr. Hinman had died, and no successor was elected until the following year.

THE NAMING OF EVANSTON

During the winter of 1853-4, a plat of a village was made under the superintendence of Rev. Philo Judson, who had been appointed by the Board of Trustees as the business agent of the University. The village thus platted was named Evanston, in honor of Dr. John Evans, the president of the Board of Trustees. This action was taken by the Board on February 3d, 1854. The plat of the village was recorded by the County Recorder on July 27th, of the same year. The name of the postoffice, however, was not changed until August 27th, 1855, when it ceased to be called Ridgeville, and was then and thereafter officially named Evanston by the United States Postoffice Department. The name of the Township of Ridgeville was changed to Evanston on February 17th, 1857, accompanied by a change of boundaries. Lakeview Township, formerly a part of Ridgeville Township, was at the same time created, and has since been included within the city limits of Chicago.

To illustrate the interest that the Chicago people were taking in the new institution a portion of an article is quoted from the Daily Democratic Press, in its issue for August 22d, 1854. The article has "Evanston" for its title. "Attracted by the picturesqueness of its scenery," it says, "the purity of the breezes which blow over it from Lake Michigan, its propinquity to the commercial metropolis of the Northwest, the readiness with which access to it may be attained upon the completion of the Chicago and Milwaukee Railroad, and its admirable adaptation in other important respects to the end had in view, the trustees of the Northwestern University effected a favorable negotiation of the proprietorship thereof, and have determined to found there an institution which shall fully meet the wants of the country and the age."

SUBURBS OF CHICAGO

With the increasing population of Chicago and the consequent need of greater suburban growth, the region for many miles north, south and west of the city has gradually become converted from prairie or woodland into residence towns. "Occasionally a suburb grows up at some sightly point on the lake shore, or

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Built in 1872 at a cost of seventeen thousand dollars, corner Addison and Halsted streets

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