SON AND MOTHER.-Where is the original of this story to be found? A young man was being led bound to the scaffold (or prison ?) His mother, seeing him, requested to speak with him, and obtained permission. He bent over to her and bit off her ear, saying (in effect), "If you had done your duty to me, I should never have been here." GORCOCK. side of the halves, as it was stated, an image of the Madonna was portrayed, which the Catholics of the district regarded as miraculous. Inquiries relating to this wonder are said to have been made by many persons. I believe that several people endeavoured to explain what occurred as the result of natural causes, while others who had an equal power of judging as to what had taken place adhered to a miraculous interWhere can I find the story beginning thus ?" There was pretation. Can any of your readers tell a time when all the body's members rebelled me if the matter has been explained so as to against the belly, and then accused it-informed that the whole story is an old satisfy thoughtful people? I have been that only like a gulf it did appear.' BELLY AND THE BODY. GORCOCK. JOHN OWEN OF HEMEL HEMPSTEAD, SCHOOLMASTER.-In 1720 John Owen of Hemel Hempstead, schoolmaster, was indicted for keeping a private school for boys without being licensed by the archbishop, bishop, or spiritual guardian of the diocese. There was a similar indictment in the following year. The document, which is preserved among the Hertford County Records, is marked "Tried at the Midsummer Sessions, and found not guilty." Mr. Owen was a member of the Society of Friends, and on 5 July, 1720, he and other members of that sect petitioned that the malthouse and dwelling-house of John Halsey of Hemel Hempstead might be certified as a meeting-house for Quakers. The Rev. Thomas Birch, F.S.A., a learned antiquary whose manuscripts and printed works occupy considerable space in the British Museum, is stated to have been sent to the school of John Owen, who is described as a "rigid Quaker; for whom Mr. Birch afterwards officiated some little while as an usher." Mr. Birch, however, made little progress, and was eventually removed to the school of one Welby of Clerkenwell. (Clutterbuck's 'Herts,' i. 429; Hertford County Records, Sessions Rolls,' ii. 55-6; Pinks's 'History of Clerkenwell,' 2nd ed., 270; Nichols's Literary Anecdotes,' v. 282.) Is anything further known of John Owen ? E. E. SQUIRES. Hertford. FRENCH THUNDERSTORM.—About midsummer, 1908, several of the English newspapers contained an account of what I understand to have been called the miraculous hailstones of Remiremont. It seems that one day towards the end of May a storm swept over the Vosges ; hailstones fell in great numbers, and many were discovered to be split across. On the inner legend, but it came at the time on good authority. F. T. F. He was N. & Q.' tell me the origin of the phrase "FRANKLIN DAYS."-Can any reader of in conversation with an old market-gardener. "Franklin days"? A friend was recently They were discussing the warm weather. That's all right," said the old man, "but wait until the Franklin days are passed— perhaps we shall have frosts yet." asked for an explanation of the term, but knew no more than that the Franklin days extended from the 18th to the 21st of May, that they were invariably very cold, and that vegetation often suffered considerably. Strangely enough, in this district we had extremely cold winds from the 18th to the 21st of May, and some frost at nights. W. G. WILLIS WATSON. 19, Park Road, Exeter. [For other meanings of "Franklin" see 11 S. iii. 486.] FIRE OF LONDON: FRENCH CHURCH IN THREADNEEDLE STREET.- La Liturgie ou la Manière de Célébrer de Service Divin dans l'Église Française de Londres, fondée par Édouard VI. d'an MDL.,' 1809, contains in a foot-note to the Avertissement' this remarkable statement : "Elle est située en Threadneedle Street. Brûlée dans le feu de Londres, en 1666, elle fut la première église rebâtie." Is this claim justified? There is no reference to it in Roll's London Resurrection,' 1668, although it would have made an excellent subject for his 51st discourse. ALECK ABRAHAMS. RIPON FORGER.-Henry Swinburne (died 1623) in his Treatise on Spousals,' speaking of counterfeit proposals of marriage, says : 64 "Though the famous forger of Ripon, in Yorkshire, be dead, whom I marvel Mr. Green hath not numbered among his coney catchers, yet I fear there be a great many whelps of the old dog left alive." 6 Probably the Treatise on Spousals (first published in 1686) was written shortly after 1591, certainly while Greene's pamphlets were fresh in men's memories. Who was this "famous forger," and when did he die ? P. A. McELWAINE. Dublin. APOPHTHEGMS FOR SCHOOL MUSEUM.For the purposes of a Public School Museum, I am looking out for a series of pithy and characteristic sayings of great men, such as Goethe's "Man sieht nur was man weiss.' Can any reader guide me to, or supply me with, a selection of choice illuminating utterances suitable for inscription? Please reply DEAN MERIVALE ON PERSEVERANCE."The first man who inhabited the Alpha Cottages, Regent's Park, was knocked down three hundred and sixty-five times by footpads on his evening walk home; and it was not till the end of the year that he said he had given the place a fair trial and it would not suit him." I find this humorous illustration of perseverance given with that of Bruce's spider to Mrs. J. E. Frere by Charles Merivale in March, 1852 (Autobiography of Dean Merivale,' p. 189). Was it due to his own invention? ST. SWITHIN. Florence. R. C. HOPE, F.S.A. Replies. BISHOP KEN: IZAAK WALTON'S WIVES. (11 S. iii. 248, 290, 431.) ONE of the best Ken authorities I know, James Heywood Markland, the ecclesiastical antiquary (died 1864)-himself a descendant of Abraham Markland, one of the three witnesses to the will of Izaak Waltonmade a pedigree of the family of Ken, in the compilation of which he had the assistance of Mr. Serjeant Merewether, a connexion of the Walton-Hawkins family, and also Sir Harris Nicolas's pedigree to guide him. He states that the Bishop's father had three children by his first wife, viz.: Jane, who married John Simmonds; Anne, who married Izaak Walton; and John, born 1626/7, who died unmarried in 1651. Thomas, it will be observed, is not named. With his fuller knowledge one would have expected greater accuracy in this writer; not have been the mother of John. Truly but if Jane Ken died before 1625, she could it is A pedigree such as would puzzle Old Nick, Sir Harris, however, is hard to beat in these matters, and I am inclined to pin my faith to his statement that the three children were Thomas and the above-named daughters; consequently John becomes the eldest son of the second wife. This John died as men tioned above, and his will was proved by his brother and sole executor Ion (or Hyon) Ken. Nearly all the children of Thomas Ken the elder seem to have been baptized or buried at St Giles's, Cripplegate. MR. HENRY HUCKS GIBBS (later raised to the peerage as first Baron Aldenham) contributed a fairly full and very interesting account of the family of Rachel FloudIzaak Walton's first wife-to 'N. & Q.' (4 S. xii. 382-4); and he shows in the pedigree of the Lloyd line his own descent from her father William Lloyd (or Floud), who married Susanna Cranmer, and also that one of his ancestors was Thomas Crawley, one of the three witnesses to the will of the old angler. Everybody save MR. MARSTON styles the Bishop the youngest son, but doubtless Martin was the youngest, as 1640 is given as the date of his baptism. It is not known when the Bishop was baptized, as the register of births of the parish of Little Berkhamsted does not begin until 1647. Chorley Wood. C. ELKIN MATHEWS. But in connexion with so kindly-may I say so fraternal ?—a man as Walton can we be sure from John and Robert Floud's calling him "brother" that they were his brothers-in-law? See Bailey (or Bayley or Bagley) and Cotton. Are the precise relationships of the three brothers and three sisters named in the will known? S. S. BAGSTER. If MR. L. H. CHAMBERS will refer to my book Thomas Ken and Izaak Walton,' p. 102, he will find some further information about Rachel Floud, Walton's first wife, supplied to N. & Q' of 15 Nov., 1873 (4 S. xii. 382), by MR. HENRY HUCKS GIBBS, E. MARSTON. from which I quoted. RICHARD ROLLE'S PRICK OF CONSCIENCE': 'THE BRITISH CRITIC' (11 S. iii. 227, 277, 377, 417, 458).-Bibliography presents many pitfalls for the unwary, among them carelessness and a reliance on second-hand authorities. The former is responsible for my error in writing The British Magazine, and Quarterly Theological Review, when I ought to have written The British Critic, and Quarterly Theological Review; and I am obliged to MR. HIGHAM for enabling me to make the correction. But has not MR. HIGHAM himself also fallen into an error, due to relying on second-hand authority? He says: "Commenced in May, 1793, The British Critic continued to appear, but with some variations of title, until the end of 1852, a grand total of 109 volumes.'" This statement is evidently quoted, though from whom or what is not stated. The Boston Athenæum has what appears to be a complete set of The British Critic except a single volume, which I take to have been the final volume (vol, xxxiv., 1843); and of that volume there is a copy in the Boston Public Library. An examination of this set shows the following changes in title and in numbering of volumes : The British Critic, A New Review. Vols. I.-II. 1793. The British Critic, New Series. Vol. III. 1794. The British Critic, A New Review. Vols. IV.-XII. 1794-8. The British Critic. Vols. XIII.-XLII. 1799-1813. The British Critic, New Series. Vols. I.-XXIII. 1814-25. The British Critic. Vols. I.-III. 1826. and Ecclesiastical Record. Vols. I.-XXII. The British Critic, and Quarterly Theological Review. Vols. XXIII-XXXIV. 1838-43. The last volume contains Nos. 67-68, Saxe-Hildburghausen, the wife of Charles July-Oct., 1843. The above collation shows Louis Frederick, Duke of Mecklenburgthat 42+23+3+34, or 102 volumes in all, Strelitz, and mother of Queen Charlotte. were published. What is MR. HIGHAM'S authority for the statement that The British Critic continued to appear until the end of 1852"? If it was continued so long, how many volumes were published from 1844 to 1852, and where are they to be found? They are not in the British Museum. Boston, U.S. 66 ALBERT MATTHEWS. Henry XXIV. of Reuss belonged to what is known as the younger branch of the family of Reuss, now represented by Henry XIV. of Reuss-Schleiz, born in 1832. Henry XXII. of Reuss-Greiz, born in 1846, represents the elder branch of the family. Owing, however, the incapacity of Henry XXII., Henry XXVII., eldest son of Henry XIV., enjoys the position of regent XXII. has no of the Reuss principality, and as Henry represent the family on the extinction of sons, he will eventually the elder line. W. F. PRIDEAUX. "ENVY, ELDEST-BORN OF HELL ROYAL JUBILEES (11 S. iii. 467).-The state of the King's health was probably responsible for the celebration of George III.'s Jubilee being fixed as early as possible. He was, indeed, sane during 1809, and his bodily health was good; but he was iii. 468).— almost, if not entirely, blind, and merely enjoying a lucid interval between two attacks of madness. Similar considerations regarding the mental capacity of the monarch were happily unnecessary in the case of the 1887 Jubilee of his granddaughter, Queen Victoria. A. R. BAYLEY. Envy! eldest-born of hell! Hence hence! eldest born of hell! (11 S. These lines are set as a chorus in Handel's oratorio Saul,' composed by him in 1738, and performed at the King's Theatre on the 16th of January, 1739. The libretto has been ascribed to Charles Jennens of Gopsall, and also to Newburgh Hamilton, but was probably the work of the first-named author. WILLIAM H. CUMMINGS. 66 66 QUEEN VICTORIA'S MATERNAL GREATGRANDMOTHER (11 S. iii. 387, 438, 471).— There seems to be no cause for perplexity in the replies given at the second reference, ORGEAT' (11 S. iii. 388, 435).-In if it is remembered that Queen Victoria the replies there are some slight mistakes had four great-grandmothers-two on the the corrections to which may be interesting. paternal, and two on the maternal, side. Orgeat," as has been shown, was originally MR. BULLOCH'S query merely related to barley-water, and then a milk of almonds the Reuss great-grandmother. Francis Fre- (not fresh ones, but the usual dry kernels), derick Antony, Duke of Saxe-Coburg- pleasantly flavoured. Almonds, crushed and Saalfeld, the father of the Duchess of Kent, pressed, yield their oil; but when they are married Augusta Caroline Sophia, daughter crushed and mixed with hot water so as to of Henry XXIV. of Reuss and Caroline form an emulsion, milk of almonds can be Ernestine of Erbach-Schönberg. He was squeezed out. This is how coco-nut milk himself, as stated by W. S. S., the son of is made in the Indian kitchen, with scraped Ernest Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg- coco-nut and hot water, for the preparation Saalfeld, and his wife Sophia Antoinette, of curry. But what is drunk in India for Duchess of Brunswick and Lüneburg, who refreshment is not coco-nut milk, but cocowas therefore the other maternal great-nut water, the sweet, almost clear fluid grandmother of Queen Victoria. The Queen's filling the fresh unripe nut, and so grateful paternal great-grandmothers were (1) to the thirsty man out shooting in a pleasant Augusta, Princess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, land of coco-palms. wife of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales, Also, lait d'amelles is not a mistranscripand (2) Albertina Elizabeth, Princess of tion for lait d'amandes; it is a direct render ing of the Provençal la d'amelo. In the Southern language of France L. amygdala simply became amelo, in Northern Languedoc amello; this (with mute final) passed into French as amelle, a word now lost, its place being taken by amande, a curious phonetic__instance of transformation by stages. Popular French still retains the changed to r, in the last syllable of amandre, as in Sp. almendra, whence, indirectly perhaps, our word with the intrusive Arabic silent and without the r. Bernard de Gordon, from a translation (1580) of whose 'De Conservatione Vitæ ' Littré took the quotation, lived in the thirteenth century; he was a Montpellier physician, from the town of Gourdoun north of Cahors, whence also was the archer Bertrand de Gourdoun, who shot Richard I. The translation was probably made by another Southern physician who, like Rabelais, wrote in French provenzalmente. Paris. EDWARD NICHOLSON. with just as much water as will cover them, with some parsley, or parsley roots sliced, an onion minced fine, and a little pepper and salt: (to this some Cooks add some scraped Horseradish and a Bay leaf;) skim it carefully when it boils; when your fish is done enough (which will be in a few minutes), send it up in a deep dish, lined with bread sippets, and some slices of bread and butter on a plate." an "Observation" about what some cooks do in elaboration. Cutting into handsome pieces" would mean cut, e.g., a flounder across into two or three pieces." Then follows 66 66 Of course the receipts vary, as does the Mrs. Glasse in her spelling of the name. Art of Cookery, a new edition, 1803, Water-Sokey"; P. 159, gives modern books one finds souché, souchet." 66 and in water souchy, I do not think that souchy" can have any connexion with any old French word meaning brine, pickle," seeing that in no receipt that I have referred to (i.e., some eight or nine) have I found any mention of brine or pickle, that I have not found any mention of the receipt in any French Tag-cookery book, and that it appears to be a Flemish or Dutch method. "SCHICKSAL UND EIGENE SCHULD" (11 S. iii. 407).-In Goethe's Annalen oder und Jahreshefte von 1749-1822' the following passage occurs under 1794 :— Ein wundersamer, durch verwickelte Schicksale nicht ohne seine Schuld verarmter Mann...." This no doubt refers to J. F. Krafft, the poet's anonymous protégé (see Lewes's Life of Goethe,' Book IV. chap. vii.). Krafft, however, had died in 1785. The Annalen' were composed during the years 1819-26, and published in 1830. I must leave it to others to explain the difficulties of chronology; but if the clue furnished by the passage quoted above is followed, Carlyle's original source may, perhaps, be discovered. Biedermann's Goethes Tagund Jahreshefte' should be consulted. HEINRICH MUTSCHMANN. University College, Nottingham. "SOUCHY" (11 S. iii. 449).-The word "souchy" is properly part of the term water souchy," which is the name for a manner of cooking fish. Most cookery books give flounders as the fish, but one or two of those which I have, e.g., The Cook's Oracle,' 6th ed., 1823 (anonymous, but by William Kitchener, M.D.), p. 195, suggest flounders, whitings, gudgeons, or eels. Kitchener's receipt is : "These must be quite fresh, and very nicely cleaned; for what they are boiled in is the sauce for them. Wash, gut, and trim your Fish, cut them into handsome pieces, and put them into a stewpan George Augustus Sala in his Thorough Good Cook,' 1895, p. 170, has :"Flounders Water-Souchet (or Zootje), a Dutch dainty, for which we are indebted to William III.” Col. A. Kenny-Herbert in his Commonsense Cookery,' revised edition, 1905, p. 146, writes: "Waterzootje (sometimes called watersouchy'). This dish is not a souché, or a souchy, but a waterzode, a waterzoo, or zootje. It belongs to Flemish, not to French cookery.' Concerning the word see 10 S. ix. 150, 178, 193, 338, s.v. "Water-suchy." ROBERT PIERPOINT. MISTRESS KATHERINE ASHLEY (OR ASTLEY) (11 S. iii. 447).-According to the 'D.N.B.,' ii. 206, John Astley's first wife was Catherine, daughter of Sir Philip Champernowne of Devonshire, by whom he had no issue. His second wife was Margaret, daughter of Thomas, Lord Grey, by whom he had a son, afterwards Sir John Astley, and three daughters. A. R. BAYLEY. JUDGE JEFFREYS AND THE TEMPLE CHURCH ORGAN (11 S. iii. 427, 452, 476).— My friend MR. JUSTICE UDAL will find full and authentic details on this matter in Mr. Inderwick's introduction to the third volume of the 'Calendar of Inner Temple Records,' Recently Pp. xlv et seq., published in 1901. a distinguished visitor, on being told |