Notes on Books, &c. a Shakespeare Bibliography: Dictionary of Historical Introduction, Fascimiles, Portraits, THAT the work before us is one of heroic proportions, not to say Herculean labour, may be gathered from the mere perusal of the title above. Its extent may be further indicated by the fact that over 30,000 distinct entries and references are included, with "minute details and available locations of every known issue of Shakespeare's writings (whether written, printed, separate, collective, authentic, attributed, private, public, in or out of print); likewise of every tract, pamphlet, volume, or collection of Shakespearean comment; of each analogue or source, with notes of the passages affected; of every important contemporary or subsequent allusion to, or article on, the dramatist or his productions; of each autograph, genuine or forged; of all engraved Shakespeare portraits; with market values of the rarer entries. Key-references are embodied to incidental Shakespearean actors, actresses, artists, attributes, bibliographers, bibliophiles, biographers, blind-type printings, celebrations, centenaries, clubs, collaborators, commemorations, commentators, composers, controversies, critics, editors, engravers, exhibitions, festivals, forgeries, illustrations (literary or pictorial), jubilees, managers, manuscripts, memorials, monuments, printers, prompters, pseudonyms, publishers, societies, theatres, translators, vellum-printings.' The labour involved in such a scheme is enough to make one gasp. It deserves the adjective which Boswell italicized in consequence of Johnson's objection to it; it is prodigious. Mr. Jaggard has, like his ancestors of the First Folio, connected his name indelibly with the greatest in our literature. The Historical Introduction' gives details of previous workers in the same field, and tells us that Mr. Jaggard's work was undertaken at the request of the fourth Earl of Warwick, and has cost him twenty-two years of effort, chiefly in time ill-spared from rest and recreation." The results of this tireless investigation should be in every library of any importance, and it is good to think that an Englishman has done the work. Ample cross-references are provided which facilitate easy reference, and a number of illustrations of Shakespearians past and present, and scenes connected with the poet, are introduced throughout the text. We have made a pretty thorough examination for books of all kinds concerning the subject, and in every case we have found a correct entry. Mr. Jaggard's brief notes are illuminating, as a rule, but occasionally they show his own personal opinions too strongly. Even the expert who has spent some years on the study of Shakespeare will find much here of which he did not know, and the chance of being able to assure oneself without delay concerning a doubt or a blurred memory is a great relief. Our only regret is that there are but 500 copies to be had of this wonderful book. But it will surely be reprinted, and we notice with pleasure that it contains an 'Aftermath' of "additions and corrections while printing," which includes a list of the exhibition of "original documents of Shakespearian interest at the Public Record Office in April, 1910. ments of a similar character, and will be grateful Mr. Jaggard hopes to issue occasional supple for the notification of omissions. To give a brief idea of the scope of the work we may mention a few items which we have come across in looking through its pages. We find our own notice of Joseph Knight included; and mentions of Shakespeare in Bagehot's Essays, Cobbett's Advice to Young Men,' Dryden's dedication of his translation of Juvenal, and F. W. Robertson's Life and Letters,' and of the Ireland forgeries in Watson's Life of Porson.* Jebb's Translations into Greek and Latin Verse are noted as giving renderings from the poet. This being so, The Porson Prize Exercises. (1817-71), 1871 (Cambridge, E. Johnson; London, Hamilton, Adams & Co.), might have a place; for all but a few of the exercises are set from Shakespeare, who is, indeed, still the usual test author at Cambridge for Greek iambics. Not only are books given, but also the places where they are to be found in various libraries and collections, and a conspectus of editions.. Thus twelve issues are noted of Abbott's Shakespearian Grammar.' A specimen of items more loosely associated with the subject is the inscription on the tomb of Joyce, Lady Lucy, at Charlecote Church, inserted as being "written by the baronet supposed to have been lampooned by Shakespeare." How wide is Mr. Jaggard's range is shown by the inclusion of Some Platitudes concerning the Drama,' an article by Mr. Galsworthy in The Fortnightly Review for December, 1909, and other references to journalism of all kinds; and five entries of Edward German's music. Under Jahrbuch' we are referred to that indefatigable scholar Mrs. Stopes; and this suggests that some foreign scholar might follow Mr. Jaggard's lead by making a bibliography of Shakespeare on the Continent, or at any rate in France and Germany. We notice in the text Cohn's Shakespeare Bibliographie,' 1871-86; but Mr. Jaggard's scheme obviously does not include foreign works and editions except in translations, and it would have been well to make this clear in the Prospectus, while the title might expressly include America. IN The National Review we are pleased to see less of politics than usual, and more concerning art and letters. Mr. Austin Dobson in At Prior Park' gossips very pleasantly and informingly concerning Ralph Allen's residence and friends. The benevolence of the "Squire Allworthy" of Tom Jones' was also commemorated by Pope, who introduced Warburton to Allen, a connexion by which the later Bishop did not fail to profit considerably. Lord Dunsany in Romance and the Modern Stage' champions the cause of imagination, and makes a timely appeal against the claims of business and the commercial view. 'The Rejected of the "the Academy,' by "Callidus," suggests that sixteen galleries at Burlington House should be apportioned among the chief art societies of the kingdom, and ecash ociety should enjoy absolute independence in the selection and arrangement of the works in its own section." Such a reform, it is added, would have to be forced on the Academy by outside influence. That is so, and unfortunately the general public is slow to learn anything in art. It prefers the chocolate-box type of prettiness, the anecdote, and photographic directness of presentation. Sydney C. Grier writes on Vellore, 1806,' with the knowledge of an expert who has done much to make India familiar to the general public; and Mr. A. Maurice Low is interesting, as usual, on American Affairs.' BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES.—JULY. 117. are MESSRS. JAMES RIMELL & SON'S Catalogue 225 is devoted to books on Art. Architecture includes Gotch's Renaissance in England,' 61.; the 'Dictionary' of the Architectural Publication Society, vols in 6, folio, 81.; and Nash's Mansions, original issue, 4 vols., royal folio, halfmorocco, 81. 88. There are many works in choice bindings, one being 'Gil Blas,' 4 vols., with .clever paintings on fore-edge, 1809, 307. There are works under Book-plates. Under Boydell is The River Thames,' Boydell, 1794, folio, halfmorocco, uncut, Under Blake his Works,' reproduced in facsimile from the original editions (one of 100 copies for private circulation), 1876, folio, 51. 58.; the rare first edition of Young's Night Thoughts' with Blake's 43 plates, folio, 1797, 127.; and Ellis and Yeats's edition in 3 vols., Quaritch, 1893, 41. 48. Among many works under British Schools there is one of 200 copies of The Works of Burne-Jones,' issued by the Berlin Photographic Company, atlas folio, morocco, 291. (original price 1057.). There are many sale catalogues, and works on classical and ancient art. Works under Costume include the plates published by Goddard & Booth, 1812-22, of the Armies of Europe, 96 in number, finely coloured, 2 vols., royal 8vo, 281. There are lists under Decoration, Dutch and Flemish, French, German, and other Schools. Also under Galleries and Collections. Works under Illumination include a Roman Missal of the fifteenth century, 707. Under Paris is Perelle's Views,' folio, 16-, 201. Under Piranesi is Vedute di Roma,' 76 views of the architecture of ancient and contemporary Rome, -oblong folio, 1750, &c., 301. Messrs. Charles Thurnam & Sons of Carlisle send a new Catalogue containing 'Vincentio Saviolo, his Practise. In two Bookes. The first intreating of the vse of the Rapier and Dagger. The second, of Honor and honorable Quarrels,' both parts in one volume, small 4to, limp vellum, title-page in facsimile, an exceptionally clean and large copy, 1595-4, 301. Under America are Bryce's American Commonwealth,' first edition, 3 vols., cloth, 31. 38.; and The Portrait Gallery of Distinguished Americans,' 2 vols., New York, 1834-5, morocco. 21. 10s. Among first editions are Meredith's Tragic Comedians,' anthor's inscription, 2 vols. in 1, 21. 2s.; Inglesant,' with autograph, 17. 10s.; and the first issue of the first edition of Oliver Twist,' 3 vols., original cloth, 1838, 31. 38. (the illustrations include the suppressed Fireside" plate, clean copy, but covers a little worn). Among John other Dickens first editions are Nicholas Nickleby' and ' Hard Times.' A large copy of Wither's Emblems,' 1635, is 77. 10s. Under Military are Machiavel's Arte of Warre,' 1573, small 4to, bound with another Italian work on war, 41. 48. ; Barriff's Military Discipline,' fine copy, but lacks pp. 7-10, 1635, 31. 38.; and Waymouth's Low-Countrie Trayning,' 1617, 21. 108. Other entries comprise Jowett's Plato.' 4 vols., halfmorocco, 1871, 27. 108. Rowlandson's Naples,' 1815, 41. 158.; Ruskin's 'Stones of Venice,' Autograph Edition, 3 vols., royal 8vo, original cloth, fresh as issued, 27. 158. ; and 'Fors Clavigera,' 9 vols., half-calf (Index in cloth), 1871-87, 21. 108.; and the Abbotsford Waverley, 12 vols., original cloth, 1842-7, 31. 158. Under Shakespeareiana is a volume of 4to plays, including some of Beaumont and Fletcher; and The Two Noble Kinsmen,' "written by the memorable Worthies of their time; Mr. John Fletcher, and Mr. William Shakespeare, Gent.." 1634, 451. Under Japan is Kæmpfer's History,' 2 vols., folio, calf, 1728, 57. 58. There is a small collection of early Quaker tracts. Messrs. Henry Young & Sons' Liverpool Catalogue CCCCXXII. contains among works on Architecture a fine large copy of the 1521 edition of Vitruvius, folio, morocco, 15. 158. There are bindings by Roger Payne. Botany includes a fine copy of Parkinson. There are works under Coronations, and decorated examples of early printing. Under Elizabeth is the original edition of Nichols's Progresses and Public Under Entomology Processions,' 3 vols., 51. 10s. is a copy of Martyn's work with original watercolour drawings on large sheets of vellum, morocco, 14l. 148. This volume was made for Beckford. An extra illustrated example of Rudder's 'Gloucestershire,' levant by Bedford, 1779, is 281. Under Mary, Queen of Scots, we find choice copies of Udall and Skelton. Under Railways is Bury's Coloured Views on the Liverpool and Manchester,' original issue, 1831, 4to. 187. 18s. There are many Rowlandson plates and handsome sets of standard authors. [Notices of other Catalogues held over.] THE SOCIETY OF GENEALOGISTS OF LONDON, which held its first annual meeting on 29 June, lished, and should do valuable work in gathering has, we are glad to see, been successfully estabmatter widely scattered in various forms and little known to students, as well as in initiating new research. Since June of last year 97 Fellows, Members, and Associates have been elected; the present revenue exceeds 2001.; and three subcommittees (on Parish Registers, the Consolidated Index, and Family Associations) are already active. The Society hopes to secure premises in which the considerable amount of material it already possesses can be lodged. The President is the Marquess of Tweeddale, and Mr. George Sherwood, 227, Strand, is acting as Hon. Secretary. Notices to Correspondents. W. MACARTHUR.-Please supply references in headings of future replies. This is of great importance. W. G. R.-Forwarded. LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 22, 1911. CONTENTS.-No. 82. NOTES: -William Makepeace Thackeray, 61-Yews in Churchyards, 63-Edward VII. in 'Punch' as Baby and as Boy-Longinus and St. Paul, 64" Vir bonus es doctus prudens ast haud tibi spiro"-Patience as a Man's Name Earliest English Railroad with Passengers, 65-Electric Light in 1853-"Sweet Lavender "-Murdered Waiter charged in the Bill-"Castles in Spain": "Castle in the air," 66. QUERIES-Princess Victoria's Visit to the Marquis of Anglesey-Duchess of York-Major-General A. Stewart : Brigadier-General A. Leslie-Westcott and Waddesdon, Bucks-Jane Austen at Southampton-William and Andrew Strahan-"Swale," its American Meaning, 67 -W. Badger, M.P.-Elector Palatine, c. 1685--" Bonny Earl o' Moray"-W. Webb, Comedian-Admiral Donald Campbell-"Think it possible you may be wrong "Happy the country whose annals are dull"-Sir Andrew Hacket-Edmund Hakluyt-S. Horsley, 68"I believe in human kindness"-St. Hugh and "the Holy Nut"-Caracciolo Family-M'Clelland FamilyVatican Frescoes-Emerson in England-Astræa: Italian Proverb-Senior Wranglers: Senior Classics, 69-Irish Schoolboys: Descriptions of Parents-Charles I.: 'Biblia Aurea'-Reprieve for 99 years-Hungerford Family, 70. REPLIES:- Edward and David Pugh, 70- Mitres at Coronations Lotus and India - Queen Elizabeth at Bishop's Stortford, 72-"Bursell" - Serjeants' Inn 'British Critic,' 73 - Burning of Moscow-"Bast"-St. Columb and Stratton Accounts-"Wait and see," 74"Manna of St. Nicholas "-Henry VII. and MabuseAviation in 1811-Cuckoo and its Call, 75-Spider Stories -St. Patrick and Shamrock-Authors Wanted-Belly and Body, 76-Son and Mother-Battle on the Wey, 77"Pale Beer"-"Here sleeps a youth"-Cardinal AllenR. Baddeley-“Gabetin "-"But"=" Without," 78. NOTES ON BOOKS:-'Shepherds of Britain.' Booksellers' Catalogues. Notes. WILLIAM MAKEPEACE THACKERAY, JULY 18TH, 1811-DECEMBER 24TH, 1863. (See p. 21.) THE funeral of Thackeray took place on the eve of the last day of 1863 at Kensal Green. Westminster Abbey had been suggested, but it was his wish to be interred in the simplest manner beside one of his children who had already found a restingplace there. The writer in The Times in describing the funeral says: rounded them, among these being most of the men who have made the Victorian era famous in literature and in art. The record comes to us now with a note of sadness, for it is a record of the dead-Dickens, Tom Taylor, Shirley Brooks, Mark Lemon, Leech, Horace Mayhew-in short, the whole staff of Punch; Robert Browning, Macaulay, G. H. Lewes, Anthony Trollope, Millais, Richard Doyle, Valentine Prinsep. Creswick, Marochetti, and George Smith, Thackeray's friend and publisher, and founder of The Cornhill. Among references that have appeared in The Athenæum was one on August 7th, 1886, when a correspondent rendered what Mr. Herne Shepherd the week following an invaluable service to studescribed as dents of Thackeray " by solving the mystery regarding the history of The Paris SketchBook.' 66 Turning over the pages of a weekly paper of The Corsair, a Gaze te of Literature, Art, Drapublished in New York in 1839, under the title matic Criticism, &c., I," the correspondent states, "have come upon the whole of these chapters in the form of letters signed T. T. with the exception of the eighth and last, which bears the more familiar signature M. A. T.' (Michael Angelo Titmarsh). They extend over the summer, and include one letter dated Paris Aug. 31,' which was not included in the Macrone republication." Mr. Herne Shepherd states in The Athenæum of the next week that a complete copy of all that was published of The Corsair is to be found in the library of the British Museum, under Periodical Publications-New York' (the pressmark is P.P. 6392, m.)." The references to Thackeray in N. & Q.' On the 14th of begin as early as 1854. January CUTHBERT BEDE under Recent Curiosities of Literature' calls attention to the second number of The Newcomes,' in which an old lady's death is described as having been caused from her head having been cut with a bedroom candle. Other anachronisms are pointed out by the same correspondent on April 22nd; and by JUVERNA, M.A., on May 20th and again on August 26th. In the Third Series are notes in reference to English Humourists'; and in vol. viii., "Thackeray's family affections were so strong p. 129, F. G. W. asks where can be procured that we believe it would have been a positive" the curious sing-song music to which poor pain to him if, when he was alive, he could have Thackeray used to sing his inimitable verses fooked forward to being separated from his children in the tomb." beginning If anything could have consoled his two young daughters as they took their last sad look at the grave, it must have been the homage paid to their beloved father by the hundreds of fellow-mourners who sur There were three sailors in Bristol City. ! In the Fourth Series is much about various portraits of Thackeray, and DR. GARNETT on the 12th of September, 1868, refers to Dana's "very meritorious" selection of 66 On the 31st of August, 1872, MR. JOHN BOUCHIER asks when 'Little Billee' was first published; and W. T. M. replies on the 21st of September that it was sung by Thackeray at an art-student's party in Rome," and printed in a volume of sketches by Bevan, called 'Sand and Canvas,' &c. Thackeray subsequently sent a corrected copy to Mr. Bevan, and objected to having the use of such a term as 'be blowed attributed to him." The story, states W. T. M., with the corrected copy, is given in Wendell Holmes's 'Wit and Humor,' J. C. Hotten, 1867. CLARRY the following week states : "I knew both Thackeray and Samuel Bevan. Thackeray was very sensitive about his playful words being made public, and I well recollect his complaining to me of Bevan having published a song which was sung when they were supposed to be close tiled.'" This is followed by MR. ARTHUR J. MUNBY, who on the 2nd of November asks, “How about the impromptu itself?" and gives a gamin's song current in Paris some thirty years earlier :— Il était un petit navire. "If it be the acknowledged original of our beloved'Little Billee,' we must confess that Thackeray's genius has vastly improved it." On the 1st of February, 1873, J. W. W. notes how often the words " prodigious and "pink" are used in 'Vanity Fair': "The former word is taken from the eighteenthcentury writers of whom Thackeray was so fond. With regard to the second word, whenever any article of female attire is mentioned it is almost invariably described as being pink. That colour was no doubt a favourite one with Thackeray." He was dress'd in pea green with a pin and gold chain, And I think I heard somebody call him "Squire Hayne." Ingoldsby Legends,' 'The Black Mousquetaire.' Mr. Pea-green Hayne,' as he was called from a light-green coat and waistcoat which he displayed in the park, was a buck of the period. He made himself," continues R. B., quoting from the "Annotated Edition" of Ingoldsby, vol. ii. p. 32, "especially conspicuous in the year 1825 by appearing as defendant in an action for breach of promise brought by the celebrated Miss Foote, afterwards Countess of Harrington. The lady got 3,0007. damages." The first note on January 7th, 1888, is from COL. W. F. PRIDEAUX, dated from Calcutta, and entitled 'Bibliography of Thackeray's "Letters " '; and on the 24th of March MR. JOHN E. T. LOVEDAY gives a note on 'Thackeray's Col. Newcome': "The following inscription has been placed on a brass in Trinity Church, Ayr :— "Sacred to the memory of Major Henry There has been so much said as to Thackeray's broken nose that a communication made by OCTOGENARIAN [Mr. Ralph N. James] on April 5th, 1890, is of interest :"I have a distinct recollection of Thackeray's face in 1832, when he was living in the Temple, and can assure MR. HAMILTON [who had a note on the subject on the 15th of March] that his nose was as straight as most noses are before 1835, when he met with the accident at Montmorency. .I have a portrait in oils which is very like what Thackeray was in 1832, and the nose is straight. Moreover, he did not then wear spectacles." On the 31st of May MR. HENRY GERALD HOPE refers to portraits where the nose is not out of joint. SIR WILLIAM FRASER says on the same date that he always believed that Thackeray's nose was broken in a fight at Charterhouse by Venables, Q.C., lately deceased. "Mr. Venables," adds SIR WILLIAM, was a member of the Society of Dilettanti, and I often sat next to him. On at least one occasion I alluded to the fact, and he certainly did not deny it." F. J. P., writing from Boston, U.S.A., states in the same number that when Thackeray was in America (he sailed on the 30th of October, 1852, with Clough and Lowell as his fellow-passengers) "he dined one day with Mr. X., a distinguished literary man of this city, whose nose made a good second to Thackeray's. The ladies had left the room, and the two gentlemen were sitting over their wine, when X. proposed that they should join the ladies; upon which Thackeray asked, What do the ladies care for two brokennosed old fellows like us?' It is said that X. had no regard for Thackeray thereafter." Some of the legends connected with the injury to Thackeray's nose have also been discussed in N. & Q.' in the present year (see 11 S. iii. 162, 251). JOHN COLLINS FRANCIS (To be continued.) YEWS IN CHURCHYARDS. SOME general observations as to the origin of the association of the common yew, Taxus baccata, with churchyards (10 S. iii. 166, 291, 337) may be of interest. Yews were planted in barrows expressly to denote their purpose. There is little or no doubt that they existed in places of Druidical worship previous to the erection of Christian churches upon the same sites.. In Wales great value used to be set upon the yew tree, which is proved by the ancient Welsh laws, the consecrated yew of the priests having supplanted in value the sacred mistletoe of the Druids. By a statute of Edward I., trees were required to be placed in churchyards to defend the church from high winds, the clergy being allowed to cut them down for repairing the chancel when necessary. So, partly for this reason, it is conjectured that the yew was commonly planted by the side of a newly built church; and also partly for another reason that as the tough nature of the wood of thebranches resists the severest storms, they are subject to few accidents from the elements. The Rev. W. T. Bree in The Magazine of Natural History, vol. vi., suggests that "churches were more frequently built in yew groves or near old yew trees, than that. yew trees were planted in churchyards. after the churches were built." Mr. Bowman, ibid., vol. i., New Series, says: "It seems most natural and simple to believe that, being indisputably indigenous, and being, from its perennial verdure, its longevity, and the durability of its wood, at once an emblem and a specimen of immortality, its branches would be. employed by our pagan ancestors, on their first arrival here, as the best substitute for the cypress, to deck the graves of the dead and for other sacred purposes. As it is the policy of innovators in religion to avoid unnecessary interference with matters not essential, these, with many other customs of heathen origin, would be retained and engrafted on Christianity on its first introduction." Briefly, then, it may be said that the yew in primitive times, being common and a suitable evergreen, was selected to mark the site of graves; thus associated with the dead, the place would be used for offerings and for worship, and later a temple or a church would be erected for such observance. Christians planted yews in churchyards on account of its recognized association with graves. The ghastly superstition attached to the yew when growing in a churchyard, that it would prey upon the dead bodies. |