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TITLE II.

Of the Removal of Justices of the Peace, Police Justices, and Justices of Justices' Courts, and their Clerks.

§ 132. Removals. Justices of the peace, police justices, justices of justices' courts, and their clerks, are removable by the supreme court at a general term.

Art. 6, § 18, N. Y. Const.

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III. OF THE INFORMATION, AND PROCEEDINGS

THEREON TO THE COMMITMENT INCLUSIVE.
IV. OF THE PROCEEDINGS AFTER COMMITMENT, AND
BEFORE INDICTMENT.

V. OF THE INDICTMENT.

VI. OF THE PROCEEDINGS ON THE INDICTMENT
BEFORE TRIAL.

VII. OF THE TRIAL.

VIII. OF THE PROCEEDINGS

BEFORE JUDGMENT.

AFTER TRIAL, AND

IX. OF THE JUDGMENT AND EXECUTION.

X. GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO PUNISH-
MENT OF CRIME.

XI. OF APPEALS.

XII. OF MISCELLANEOUS PROCEEDINGS.

TITLE I.

Of the Local Jurisdiction of Public Offenses.

SEC. 133. When a person leaves this state to elude its laws. 134. When a crime is committed partly in one county and partly in another.

135. When a crime is committed on the boundary of two or more counties, or within five hundred yards thereof.

136. Jurisdiction of crime on board of vessel.

137. Of crime committed in the state on board of any rail. way train, etc.

138. Indictment for libel.

139. Conviction or acquittal in another state, a bar, where the jurisdiction is concurrent.

140. Conviction or acquittal in another county, a bar, where the jurisdiction is concurrent.

§ 133. When a person leaves this state to elude its laws. A person who leaves this state, with intent to

43

LOCAL JURISDICTION.

§§ 134-137. elude any law thereof against duelling or prize-fighting, or challenges thereto, or to do any act forbidden by such a law, or, who being a resident of this state, does an act out of it, which would be punishable as a violation of such a law, may be indicted and tried in any county of this state.

§ 134. Crime committed in different counties.-When a crime is committed, partly in one county and partly in another, or the acts or effects thereof, constituting or requisite to the consummation of the offense, occur in two or more counties, the jurisdiction is in either county. See Peo. v. Mason, 9 Wend, 505. False pretenses. Peo. v. Sully, 1 Sheld., 17. Bigamy. King v. Peo., 5 Hun, 297. Burglary. Mack v. Peo, 82 N. Y., 235. Receiving stolen goods. Peo. v. Dowling, 84 N. Y., 478. Contempt. Peo. v Sherwin, 17 W.

D.,

125.

§ 135. Crime committed on county, etc., boundary.— When a crime is committed on the boundary of two or more counties, or within five hundred yards thereof, the jurisdiction is in either county.

§ 136. Crime on board a vessel.-When a crime is committed in this state on board of a vessel navigating a river, lake, or canal, or lying therein in the course of her voyage, or in respect to any portion of the cargo or lading of such boat or vessel, the jurisdiction is in any county through which, or any part of which, such river or canal passes, or in which such lake is situated, or on which it borders, or in the county where such voyage terminates, or would terminate if completed.

See Peo. v. Hulse, 3 Hill, 309; Peo. v. Marine Ct., 6 Hun, 214.

§ 137. Crime committed on railway train, etc.-When a crime is committed in this state, in or on board of any railway engine, train or car, making a passage or trip on or over any railway in this state, or in respect to any portion of the lading or freightage of any such railway train or engine car, the jurisdiction is in any county through which, or any part of which, the railway train or car passes, or has passed in the course of the same passage or trip, or in any county where such passage or trip terminates, or would terminate if completed.

See Dowling v. Peo., 23 Alb. L. J.,

353.

§ 138. Libel.-When a crime of libel is committed by publication in any paper in this state, against a person residing in the state, the jurisdiction is in either the county where the paper is published, or in the county where the party libeled resides. But the defendant may have the place of trial changed to the county where the libel is printed, on executing a bond to the complainant in the penal sum of not less than $250, nor more than $1,000, conditioned, in case the defendant is convicted, for the payment of the complainant's reasonable and necessary traveling expenses in going to and from his place of residence and the place of trial, and his necessary expenses in attendance thereon, which bond must be signed by two sufficient sureties, to be approved by the judge of a court of record exercising criminal jurisdiction. Whenever the crime of libel is committed against a person not a resident of this state, the defendant must be indicted and the trial thereof had in the county where the libel is printed and published. But if the paper does not, upon its face, purport to be printed or published in a particular county of this state, the defendant may be indicted and the trial thereof had in any county where the paper is circulated. In no case however can the defendant be indicted for the printing or publication of one libel in more than one county of this state.

§ 139. Foreign conviction or acquittal a bar.-When an act charged as a crime is within the jurisdiction of another state, territory or country, as well as within the jurisdiction of this state, a conviction or acquittal thereof in the former, is a bar to a prosecution or indictment therefor in this state.

A crime may be committed, amenable to the jurisdiction of the state, without the defendant's presence therein. Peo. v. Adams, 3 Den., 190; 1 N. Y., 173.

§ 140. Conviction or acquittal in another county, a bar.—When a crime is within the jurisdiction of two or more counties of this state, a conviction or acquittal thereof in one county is a bar to a prosecution or indictment thereof in another.

45

LIMITATIONS.

§§ 141-144.

TITLE II.

Of the Time of Commencing Criminal Actions.

SEC. 141. Prosecution for murder may be commenced at any

time.

142. Limitation of five years.

143. Defendant out of state.

144. Indictment deemed found, when presented in court and filed.

§ 141. Prosecution for murder.-There is no limitation of time within which a prosecution for murder must be commenced. It may be commenced at any time after the death of the person killed.

Applicable to an accessory before the fact. Peo. v. Mather, 4 Wend., 229. Conviction for assault, etc., no bar to indictment for murder. Burns v. Peo., 1 Park., 182.

§ 142. Limitation. - An indictment for a crime, other than murder, must be found within five years after its commission, except where a less time is prescribed by statute.

No lapse of time legalizes a public nuisance. Peo. v. Cunningham, 1 Den., 524. Construction of statute. Peo. v. Lord, 12 Huň, 282; 2 N. Y. Cr., 29. Delay. ib., 45.

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§ 143. Defendant out of state. If, when the crime is committed, the defendant be out of the state, the indictment may be found within the term herein limited after his coming within the state; and no time, during which the defendant is not an inhabitant of, or usually resident within, the state, is part of the limitation.

§ 144. When indictment deemed found. -An indictment is found, within the meaning of the last three sections, when it is duly presented by the grand jury in open court, and there received and filed.

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