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years, and been 7 years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when. lected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen.

Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several states which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and includ ing Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each state shall have at least one representative. Constitution of the U. S. I. 2.

The provisional apportionments of representatives mude in the constitution in 787, and afterwards by Congress, were as follows:

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When vacancies happen in the representation from any state, the executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. I. 2.

No senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authori ty of the United States, which shall have

been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased, during such time; and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office. Const. I. 6.

SEC. VI. QUORUM.

A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to do business: but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorised to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner, and under such penalties as each house may provide. Const. 1. 5.

In general the chair is not to be taken till a quorum for business is present; unless, after due waiting, such a quorum be despaired of, when the chair may be taken and the house adjourned. And whenever, during business, it is observed that a quorum is not present, any member may call for the house to be counted, and being found deficient, business is suspended. 2 Hats. 125, 126.

The president having taken the chair, and a quorum being present, the journal of the preceding day shall be read, to the end that any mistake may be corrected that shall have been made in the entries. of the Senate, 1.

Rules

SEC. VII. CALL OF THE HOUSE.

On a call of the house, each person rises up as he is called and answereth, the absentees are then only noted, but no excuse to be made till the house be fully called over. Then the absentees are called a second time, and if still absent excuses are to be heard. Ord. H. of C. 92.

They rise that their persons may be recognised; the voice, in such a croud, being an insufficient verification of their presence. But in so small a body, as the Senate of the U. S. the trouble of rising cannot be necessary.

Orders for calls on different days may subsist at the same time. 2 Hats. 72.

SEC. VIII. ABSENCE.

No member shall absent himself from the service of the Senate, without leave of the Senate first obtained. And in case a less number than a quorum of the Senate shall convene, they are hereby authorised to send the sergeant at arms, or any other person or persons by them authorised, for any or all absent members, as the majority of such members present shall agree, at the expence of such absent members respectively, unless such excuse for non-attendance shall be made, as the Senate, when a quorum is convened, shall judge sufficient: and in that case the expence shall be paid out of the contingent fund. And this rule shall apply as well to the first convention of the Senate, at the legal time of meeting, as to each day of the session, after the hour is arrived, to which the Senate stood adjourned. Rule 19.

SEC. IX. SPEAKER.

The vice president of the United States shall be president of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided. Const. I. 3.

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