2. The General commanding-in-chief. Music: "The General's March."

3. The Lieutenant General. Trumpets sounding three flourishes, or drums beating three ruffles.

4. A Major General. Two flourishes, or two ruffles.

5. A Brigadier General. One flourish, or one ruffle.-[Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 238, 240; Tactics.]

590. Officers of the Navy are received with the honors due their assimilated rank, which is as follows: Admiral, General; Vice Admiral, Lieutenant General; Rear Admiral, Major General; Commodore, Brigadier General; Captain, Colonel; Commander, Lieutenant Colonel; Lieutenant Commander, Major; Lieutenant, Captain; Master, 1st Lieutenant; Ensign, 2d Lieutenant.-[Tactics.] 591. Officers of Marines and of the Volunteers and Militia, when in the service of the United Statcs, receive the honors due to like grades in the Regular service.-[Tactics.]

592. To the Vice President, the members of the Cabinet, the Chief Justice, the President of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the United States, and to Governors, within their respective States and Territories, the same honors are paid as to a General commanding-in-chief.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 244.]

593. American and foreign envoys or ministers are received with the compliments due to a Lieutenant General.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 246; Tactics.]

594. Officers of a foreign service are complimented with the honors due to their rank.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 245.]

595. The national or regimental colors passing a guard or other armed body are to be saluted, the trumpets sounding, and the drums beating a march.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 247.]

596. No honors are paid when troops are en route, on marches, or in trenches; and no salute is rendered when marching in double time, at trot or gallop.—[Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 702, 820; Tactics.]

597. The commanding officer is saluted by all commissioned officers in command of troops or detachments.-[¶ 792, Auth. Inf. Tactics.]

598. All officers salute each other on meeting, and in making or receiving official reports. When under arms, the salute is made with the sword or sabre, if drawn; otherwise with the hand. A mounted officer dismounts before addressing a superior not mounted. In all cases the junior first salutes.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 254; Tactics.]

599. On official occasions officers when under arms indoors, do not uncover, but they salute with the sword or hand, according as the sword is drawn or in the scabbard; when indoors and not under arms they uncover and stand at attention, but do not salute. -[¶ 790, Auth. Inf. Tactics.]

600. A non-commissioned officer or private in command of a detachment without arms salutes all officers with the hand. If the detachment be on foot, and armed with the rifle or carbine, he

brings the pieces to a carry, and he salutes as prescribed for a Sergeant. If the detachment be armed with the sabre, he salutes with the sabre, if drawn; otherwise as if he were unarmed.[Tactics.]

601. An enlisted man armed with the sabre, when out of the ranks, and not a file-closer, salutes all officers with the sabre, if drawn; if not, he salutes with the hand. If on foot, and armed with a rifle or carbine, he salutes as prescribed for a Sergeant.— [Tactics.]

602. Whenever a non-commissioned officer or soldier without arms passes an officer, he salutes him, using the hand farthest from the officer. If mounted, he salutes with the right hand.—[ Tactics.] 603. A non-commissioned officer or soldier being seated, and without particular occupation, rises on the approach of an officer, faces toward him, and salutes. If standing, he faces toward the officer for the same purpose. If the parties remain in the same place or on the same ground, such compliments need not be repeated. Soldiers actually at work do not cease it to salute an officer unless addressed by him.—[Regs. 1863, ¶ 257; Tactics.]

604. An enlisted man makes the prescribed salute with the weapon he may be armed with, or (if unarmed) with the hand, before addressing an officer. He also makes the same salute after receiving a reply.-[Tactics.]

605. Indoors, a non-commissioned officer or soldier, when unarmed, uncovers and stands at attention, but does not salute; in all other cases he salutes as heretofore prescribed, without uncovering.[Tactics.]

606. A mounted soldier, in passing an officer, salutes with the sabre, if drawn; otherwise, with his hand. He dismounts before addressing an officer not mounted.-[ Tactics.]

607. When an officer enters the room where there are soldiers, the word "Attention" is given by some one who perceives him, when all rise and remain standing in the position of a soldier until the officer leaves the room. Soldiers at meals do not rise.

Officers in citizens' dress are saluted in the same manner as when in uniform.-[Tactics.]

608. Soldiers, at all times and in all situations, pay the same compliments to officers of the Army, Navy, and Marines, and to all officers of the Volunteers and Militia in the service of the United States, as to officers of their own particular regiments and corps. -[Regs. 1863, ¶ 253; Tactics.]

609. Officers will at all times acknowledge the courtesies of enlisted men, and when returning their salute officers salute as prescribed in the Tactics. When several officers in company are saluted, all who are entitled to the salute return it.-[ Tactics.]

610. Officers arriving at the Headquarters of a Military Geographical Division, or Department, or of any organized military command, or at a military post, will, as soon thereafter as may be

practicable, call upon the commander thereof, and, if there be time, register their names in the office of the Assistant Adjutant General or Adjutant of the command. If the visiting officer be senior to the commander the former may send a card, when it will become the duty of the commander to make the first call.

SALUTES WITH CANNON.

611. Salutes are fired only between sunrise and sunset, and, as a rule, never on Sunday. The national colors must always be displayed at the time of firing salutes.

612. The national salute is determined by the number of States composing the Union, at the rate of one gun for each State; and is fired at noon on the anniversary of the Independence of the United States, at each military post or camp provided with Artillery. [Tidball's Man. of Hry. Art., ¶ 703; Regs. 1863, ¶ 258.]

613. The President, on both his arrival at and departure from a military post, or when passing in the vicinity, receives a salute of twenty-one guns, and no other personal salute is fired in his presence.-[Tidball's Man. of Hry. Art., ¶ 701.]

614. The General-in-chief receives a salute of seventeen guns; the Lieutenant General, fifteen guns; a Major General, thirteen guns; and a Brigadier General, eleven guns.-[Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 259– 263; Tactics.]

615. An officer assigned to duty according to brevet rank is entitled to the salute prescribed for the grade to which he is assigned.-[Tactics.]

616. As a rule, a personal salute is fired when the personage entitled to it enters the post.--[ Tidball's Man. of Hvy. Art., ¶ 707.] 617. A General officer is saluted but once a year at each post, and only when notice of his intention to visit the post has been given. When several persons, each of whom is entitled to a salute, arrive together at a post the one highest in rank or position is alone saluted. If they arrive successively, each is saluted in turn.— [Regs. 1863, ¶ 268; Tidball's Man. of Hvy. Art., ¶ 707.]

618. Officers of the Navy are saluted according to their assimilated rank. Officers of Marines, and of the Volunteer forces or Militia in the service of the United States, are saluted according to rank.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 265; Tactics.]

619. The Vice President and the President of the Senate receive a salute of nineteen guns; members of the Cabinet, the Chief Justice, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, a committee of Congress officially visiting a military post, and Governors, within their respective States and Territories, receive seventeen guns.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 260; Tactics.]

620. American or foreign envoys or ministers receive fifteen guns; ministers resident accredited to the United States, thirteen guns; chargés d'affaires, eleven guns; consuls-general accredited

to the United Sates, nine guns.-[Tidball's Man. of Hvy. Art., ¶ 701; Regs. 1863, ¶ 267; Tactics.]

621. A sovereign or chief magistrate of any foreign country receives the salute prescribed for the President; members of a royal family receive the salute due to their sovereign.-[Tactics.] 622. Officers of foreign services visiting any post or station are saluted according to rank.-[Regs. 1863, 266.]

623. The salute of a national flag is twenty-one guns.—[ Tactics. ] 624. It is the custom of foreign ships-of-war, on entering a harbor, or in passing in the vicinity of a fortification, to hoist at the fore the flag of the country in whose waters they are, and to salute it. On the completion of the salute to the flag, a salute of twenty-one guns is to be promptly returned by the nearest fort or battery. If there be several forts or batteries in sight, or within six miles of each other, the principal one only will return the salute. United States vessels return salutes to the flag in United States waters only where there is no fort or battery to do so. United States vessels do not salute United States forts or posts.

When a civil functionary entitled to a salute arrives at a military post, the commanding officer meets or calls upon him as soon as practicable. The commanding officer will tender him a review, provided the garrison of the place is not less than four batteries of Artillery, or their equivalent of other troops.

When an officer entitled to a salute visits a post within his own command, the troops are paraded and he receives the honor of a review, unless he directs otherwise.

When a salute is to be given an officer junior to another present at a post, the senior will be notified to that effect by the commanding officer.

Military or naval officers, of whatever rank, arriving at a military post or station are expected to call upon the commanding officer. Under no circumstances is the flag of a military post dipped by way of salute or compliment.—[Regs. 1863, ¶ 264; Tidball's Man. of Hvy. Art., ¶¶ 705, 712.]

625. The interchange of official compliments and visits between foreign military or naval officers and the authorities of a military post are international in character.

In all cases it is the duty of the commandant of a military post, without regard to his rank, to send a suitable officer to offer civilities and assistance to a vessel-of-war (foreign or otherwise) recently arrived.

After such offer it is the duty of the commanding officer of the vessel to send a suitable officer to acknowledge such civilities, and request that a time be specified for his reception by the commanding officer of the post.

The commanding officer of a military post, after the usual offer of civilities, is always to receive the first visit without regard to rank.

The return visit by the commanding officer of the military post is made the following day, or as soon thereafter as practicable.[Tidball's Man. of Hvy. Art., ¶ 708.]

626. When a military commander officially visits a vessel-ofwar he gives notice of his visit to the vessel previously thereto, or sends an officer to the gangway to announce his presence, if such notice has not been given. He is then received at the gangway by the commander of the vessel, and is accompanied there on leaving by the same officer. The officer who is sent with the customary offer of civilities is met at the gangway of a vessel-ofwar by the officer-of-the-deck; through the latter he is presented to the commander of the vessel, with whom it is his duty to communicate.

A vessel-of-war is approached and boarded by commissioned officers by the starboard side and gangway, when there are gangways on each side.

In entering a boat, the junior goes first and other officers according to rank; in leaving a boat, the senior goes first. The latter is to acknowledge the salutes which are given at the gangway of naval vessels.

Naval vessels fire personal salutes to officers entitled to them when the boat containing the officer to be saluted has cleared the ship. It is an acknowledgment for his boat to "lie on her oars" from the first until the last gun of the salute, and for the officer saluted to uncover, then at the conclusion to "give way."

The exchange of official visits between the commanding officers of a post and vessel opens the door to both official and social courtesies among the other officers.-[Tidball's Man. of Hvy. Art., ¶ 709.]

ESCORTS OF HONOR.

627. Escorts of honor may be composed of Cavalry or Infantry, or both, according to circumstances. They are guards of honor for the purpose of receiving and escorting personages of high rank, civil or military. The troops for this purpose will be selected for their soldierly appearance and superior discipline.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 271.]

FUNERAL HONORS.

628. On the receipt of official intelligence of the death of the President of the United States, at any post or camp, the commanding officer shall, on the following day, cause a gun to be fired at every half hour, beginning at sunrise and ending at sunset. When posts are contiguous, the firing will take place at the post only commanded by the superior officer.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 275.]

629. On the day of the interment of a General-in-chief, a gun will be fired at every half hour until the procession moves, beginning at sunrise.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 276.]

630. When the funeral of an officer entitled, when living, to a