will be designated in all official papers and correspondence as a shoe, and not as a bootee.-[G. O. 4, 1875.]

2072. All estimates or requisitions for clothing, whether special or annual, must conform strictly to the regulations prescribing the allowance, and the sizes. Exclusive issues of larger sizes than are worn by the men cannot be made. The following table shows the proper proportion of sizes to the 100:

*The figures on this line indicate the trade sizes of hats and caps corresponding to the numbers above them, which represent the sizes of the Quartermaster's Department.-[G. O. 48, 1876; G. O. 113, 1879.]

2073. As coats and blouses of size No. 4 are the largest kept on hand for issue, measurements, according to directions in Form 48, G. O. 29, of 1876, will be sent with estimates for those garments when required for men who exceed six feet in height, that the articles may be made up at the clothing depot.

2074. One-third of the number of pairs of trousers of enlisted men issued on requisition shall be sent to posts cut out but not made up. The material of each pair of trousers, with the buttons, thread, needles, and all necessary trimmings, shall be rolled up in a bundle, securely fastened and marked with the size of the trousers.-[G. O. 92, 1872.]

2075. The quantity of clothing estimated for by each company or detachment commander should, as a rule, be held subject to its wants; but in case of need it may be issued otherwise, and the Post Quartermaster will then call for a quantity to replace it if the state of his supplies so require.-[G. O. 29, 1876.]

2076. When unmade articles of clothing received by officers at military posts are found to be incomplete, but otherwise in good condition, they will not be submitted for condemnation to an inspector, but will be turned over to the nearest manufacturing depot to be completed, or a requisition for the missing parts shall be made.--[G. O. 89, 1878.]

2077. Such articles of clothing as the soldier may need will be

issued to him. Commanders of companies will take the receipts of their men for the clothing issued to them, on a receipt-roll (Form No. 46), witnessed by an officer, or, in the absence of an officer, by a non-commissioned officer; the witness to be witness to the fact of the issue and the acknowledgment and signature of the soldier. The several issues to a soldier to be entered separately on the roll, and all vacant spaces on the roll to be filled with a cipher. The receipt-roll should be accompanied by a certificate of the officer that the money value of each article issued has been entered in the company clothing book. The certificate should set forth the several amounts charged, in dollars and cents. This roll is the voucher for the issue to the quarterly return of the company commander.— [Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 1155, 1159.]

2078. The requirement in the above paragraph, as to witnessing all issues of clothing, shall not apply to issues of clothing to men of the Signal Corps at isolated stations, and to other soldiers on detached duty where it is impracticable to have the issues witnessed. In such cases the receipts of the men (without witness to signature) for clothing issued to them will be passed as vouchers to the returns of the issuing officer, on his certificate that he has charged the money value of the articles issued on the soldier's clothing accounts.-[G. O. 116, 1874.]

2079. The signature of the witnessing officer is regarded as his certificate that he witnessed in each case the fact of issue and the acknowledgment and signature of the soldier, and that the several issues were entered separately, and all vacant spaces filled before signature. [Regs. 1863, ¶ 1159.]

2080. Each soldier's clothing account is kept by the company commander in a company book. This account sets out only the money value of the clothing which he received at each issue, for which his receipt is entered in the book, and witnessed as required by Regulations.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶1160.]

2081. The company or detachment commander will settle the clothing accounts of all men of his command on the 30th June and 31st December of each year, without regard to dates of individual enlistment.-[G. O. 51, 1872.]

2082. The entire amount found due the United States at date of each settlement will be charged to the soldier upon the musterrolls of that date, and upon subsequent rolls until deducted, without reference to the amount due the soldier.-[G. O. 51, 1872.]

2083. Balances found due the soldier at any settlement will be credited to him upon the company clothing book, but will not be placed upon the muster-rolls.-[G. O. 51, 1872.]

2084. Balances stated upon the muster-rolls as due the United States will, after collection and deposit by Paymasters, be designated by the Paymaster General for credit of the appropriation for "Clothing, camp and garrison equipage," for the fiscal year to

which the period embraced in the settlement belongs.—[G. O. 10, 1875.]

2085. Commanding officers may order necessary issues of clothing to prisoners and convicts, taking deserters' or other damaged clothing when there is such in store.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1165.]

2086. No gratuitous issues of clothing can be made without an act of Congress, except under section 1298, Revised Statutes, to replace articles destroyed to prevent spread of contagious diseases. Recommendations for special enactments granting gratuitous issues to replace articles lost by fire, flood, or other casualty, should in all cases be accompanied by the report of a Board of Survey, setting forth full and specific information of the facts and circumstances attending the loss, with copies of any orders which may have been issued.-G. O. 13, 1875.]

2087. Officers of the Army may purchase, at the Regulation price, from the Quartermaster of their post, such articles of uniform clothing as they actually need-certifying that the articles so drawn are intended solely for their own personal use.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1166.] 2088. No officer's private servant shall be permitted to draw or to wear the uniform clothing issued to the troops with the exception of under-clothing and shoes. When there are no other means of procuring these articles, a reasonable quantity may, on the officer's certificate to that effect, be purchased for servants from the Quartermaster.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1167.]

2089. Officers are authorized to drop from their Returns of Clothing, Camp and Garrison Equipage, worn-out tent-pins, axe helves, pickaxe helves, and hatchet helves, filing as vouchers their certificates that they have been worn out in service.-[G. O. 112, 1877.]

2090. Service chevrons, when issued, will be dropped from the returns of the officer responsible, but will not be charged on the clothing account of the soldier.-[G. O. 72, 1880.]

2091. There will be allowed monthly to each company, without regard to its numerical strength, three brooms and two scrubbing brushes. Company commanders need not state on the requisitions the number of men in their companies, nor account, on the Return of Clothing, Camp and Garrison Equipage, for the brooms and brushes issued to them.-[G. O. 21, 1876.]

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2093. The use of serviceable tents or other canvas to cover laundresses' quarters, or for any purposes other than those for which such articles are furnished, is strictly prohibited, except in cases of emergency, where their use is absolutely necessary to protect public property.-[G. O. 128, 1874.]

2094. Upon transfer, death, or discharge, the balance due United States or due soldier will be stated in words and figures upon the descriptive-roll or final statements, as the case may be.— [G. O. 51, 1872.]

2095. When it happens that an enlisted man is discharged with pay, &c., due him for service during parts of two fiscal years, the final statement shall show the clothing amount due to the soldier or to the United States in each fiscal year.-[G. O. 50, 1871.]

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2097. Deserters' clothing will be turned into store. The invoice of such clothing and the Quartermaster's receipt for it will state its condition, and the name of the deserter.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1163.]

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2111. The Subsistence Department, under the direction of the Secretary of War, provides for the purchase, issue, and sale of Subsistence supplies, and such articles, for sale to officers and enlisted men, as may from time to time be designated by the Inspector General of the Army, and the distribution and expenditure of the money appropriated by Congress for the subsistence of the Army.-[R. S., § 1141.]

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2115. As soldiers are expected to preserve, distribute, and cook their own subsistence, the hire of citizens for any of these duties is not allowed. When bakeries are not managed by the Subsistence Department, their expenses for hops, yeast, furniture, sieves, cloths, the hire of bakers, &c., are paid from the post fund, to which the profits then accrue by Army Regulations. Ovens may be built or paid for by the Subsistence Department, but not bake-houses.—[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1248.]

SUBSISTENCE SUPPLIES.

2116. Subsistence supplies comprise

1. Articles composing the ration, or authorized to be issued in lieu of parts of the ration, those authorized to be furnished for sales to officers and enlisted men, and forage for beef cattle, &c., called Subsistence stores.

2. The necessary means of issuing and preserving these stores, such as stationery, scales, measures, tools, &c., called Subsistence property.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1177.]

2117. Under sections 1144 and 1149, Revised Statutes, the Subsistence Department provides for sale to officers and enlisted men tobacco and certain other articles, in addition to the component parts of the ration, which may be designated by the Inspector Generals of the Army. Lists of these articles are from time to time issued from the office of the Commissary General of Subsistence.-[G. O. 79, 1868; G. O. 122, 1874.]

2118. Subsistence supplies shall not be transferred gratuitously to another Staff Department, nor obtained, issued, sold, or otherwise disposed of except as prescribed by Regulations.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1177.]

2119. Stores longest on hand, if in fit condition, shall be first used in making issues, transfers, and sales to officers or other authorized persons. As soon as it is discovered that stores are not in a fit condition for issue or sale to officers, &c., the fact must be reported to the commanding officer.-[G. Ó. 8, 1876.]

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THE RATION.

Component Parts.

2150. A ration is the established daily allowance of food for one person. For the United States Army it is now composed as follows: Twelve ounces of pork or bacon, or one pound and four ounces of fresh beef, or twenty-two ounces of salt beef; eighteen ounces of soft bread or flour, or sixteen ounces of hard bread, or one pound and four ounces of corn meal. To every one hundred rations, fifteen pounds of beans or peas, or ten pounds of rice or hominy; ten pounds of green coffee, or eight pounds of roasted (or roasted and ground) coffee, or two pounds of tea; fifteen pounds of sugar; four quarts of vinegar; one pound and eight ounces of adamantine or star candles; four pounds of soap; four pounds of salt; four ounces of pepper; and to troops in the field, when necesfour pounds of yeast-powder to the one hundred rations of flour.-[R. S., § 1146; G. Ō. 226, 1864; G. O. 62, 1867; G. O. 86, 1877; G. O. 16, 1879.]

sary,

2151. The component parts of the ration are subject to change at the discretion of the President of the United States.-[ R. S., 1146.]

Substitutive Issues.

2152. Fresh mutton may be issued in lieu of, and at the same rate as, fresh beef, when the cost of the former does not exceed that of the latter.-[G. O. 6, 1879.]

2153. Fourteen ounces of dried fish, or eighteen ounces of pickled or fresh fish, may be issued in lieu of the meat components of a ration. [G. O. 16, 1879.]

2154. Molasses or syrup may be issued in lieu of sugar, at the rate of two gallons to fifteen pounds of sugar.-[G. O. 16, 1879.] 2155. When it is impracticable for troops in the field, or those traveling upon cars or transports, to draw or cook beans or rice, equivalents in money value of bread or meat may be issued; the value (in detail) of the stores not drawn, and those issued in lieu thereof, must be entered upon the abstract of issues (Form No. 37).-G. O. 86, 1877.]